Optical coherence tomography measurements in Huntington's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A connection has been established between ocular structural changes and various neurodegenerative diseases. Several studies utilizing optical coherence tomography (OCT) have detected signs of ocular structural alterations among individuals with Huntington's disease (HD). The inconsistent results reported in the literature regarding alterations in the retina and choroid encouraged us to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to accumulate the findings.

Examining the immunological responses to COVID-19 vaccination in multiple myeloma patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Impaired immune response in multiple myeloma renders the patients vulnerable to infections, such as COVID-19, and may cause worse response to vaccines. Researchers should analyze this issue to enable the planning for special preventive measures, such as increased booster doses. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the response and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with multiple myeloma.

Great saphenous vein leiomyosarcoma mimicking thrombosed aneurysm: A case report and review of the literature.

Vascular leiomyosarcoma LMS. is an extremely rare subgroup of LMSs. Fewer than 50 cases of LMS originating from the great saphenous vein have been reported.

A molecular switch for neuroprotective astrocyte reactivity.

The intrinsic mechanisms that regulate neurotoxic versus neuroprotective astrocyte phenotypes and their effects on central nervous system degeneration and repair remain poorly understood. Here we show that injured white matter astrocytes differentiate into two distinct C3-positive and C3-negative reactive populations, previously simplified as neurotoxic (A1) and neuroprotective (A2), which can be further subdivided into unique subpopulations defined by proliferation and differential gene expression signatures. We find the balance of neurotoxic versus neuroprotective astrocytes is regulated by discrete pools of compartmented cyclic adenosine monophosphate derived from soluble adenylyl cyclase and show that proliferating neuroprotective astrocytes inhibit microglial activation and downstream neurotoxic astrocyte differentiation to promote retinal ganglion cell survival.

Comparative Study of the Long-Term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Nutritional Practices Among International Elite and Sub-Elite Athletes: A Sample of 1420 Participants from 14 Countries.

Background: Although several studies have shown that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown has had negative impacts on mental health and eating behaviors among the general population and athletes, few studies have examined the long-term effects on elite and sub-elite athletes. The present study aimed to investigate the long-term impact of COVID-19 lockdown on mental health and eating behaviors in elite versus sub-elite athletes two years into the pandemic. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between March and April 2022, involving athletes from 14 countries, using a convenient non-probabilistic and snowball sampling method.

The Association of Seasonal Variations and COVID-19 Clinical Features: A Comparative Study on the Fourth and Fifth Waves.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed many healthcare systems. Seasonality is a feature of several infectious diseases. Studies regarding the association of seasonal variations and COVID-19 have shown controversial results.

Identification of Catechins' Binding Sites in Monomeric A through Ensemble Docking and MD Simulations.

The assembly of the amyloid- peptide (A) into toxic oligomers and fibrils is associated with Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Therefore, disrupting amyloid assembly by direct targeting of the A monomeric form with small molecules or antibodies is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, given the dynamic nature of A, standard computational tools cannot be easily applied for high-throughput structure-based virtual screening in drug discovery projects.

Isolated gastric involvement of recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Although the gastrointestinal tract is one of the most common sites for extranodal lymphoma, gastrointestinal lymphoma is a rare disease that is almost exclusively non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Case Presentation: We present a rare condition of Hodgkin lymphoma relapse after 12 years as isolated gastric involvement caused massive gastrointestinal bleeding in a 34-year-old Iranian woman. According to the result of the upper endoscopy, laparotomy was performed, and a large mass in the upper part of the fundus, alongside the esophagogastric junction, was seen, so gastrectomy was performed.

investigation of canine periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A possibility of promising tool for periodontal regeneration.

Objectives: Recent investigations indicate that canine periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (cPDLSCs) may reveal a reliable strategy for repair of periodontal tissues via cell-based tissue engineering approaches Due to limited research, his study aimed to demonstrate the phenotypic characterization of cPDLSc in comparison with canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cBMSCs)

Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from PDL and BM of five male adult Mongrel dogs. isolation and expansion as well as biologic characterization including colony unit formation (CFU), osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, flow cytometric analysis of CD34 and CD44, and RT-PCR of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), periostin (POSTN) and S100A4 were performed. Furthermore, electron microscopy analysis was done to complement the comparative research.

A systematic review of consequence modeling studies of the process accidents in Iran from 2006 to 2022.

Analytical models and the prediction of accidents and their consequences are important tools for preventing accidents in the industry. Therefore, the present study was conducted to review process accident consequence modeling in Iran (2006-2022), helping improve incident modeling, and creating a context for preventing these accidents. In this study, the articles of 5 international Embase Medline/PubMed databases, ProQuest, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, and four Iranian databases SID, MagIran, IranMedex, and IranDoc were examined using the PRISMA checklist.

Burnout in Surgical Residents of an Academic Hospital in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Academic burnout has adverse effects on residents' professional behavior as well as personal aspects of their lives and can ultimately affect their performance in the workplace. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout among surgical residents in Imam Khomeini hospital and the relationship between factors such as sex, marital status, living place, specialized field, and anxiety with burnout.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2021.

Postoperative nosocomial COVID-19 infection in surgical patients during pandemic: A prospective observational cohort study.

Unlabelled: Background: increased pressure on healthcare systems and possible risk of nosocomial COVID-19 infection during pandemic urged many guidelines to severely restrict the number of operations. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of COVID-19 infection and its complications in patients undergoing urgent or elective operations.Methods: a prospective observational cohort study was conducted in a tertiary surgical center and all patients with no preoperative history of COVID-19 undergoing elective or emergent surgeries were included in this investigation.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical education: A survey and narrative review.

Background: Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical education has been a concerning issue, especially in surgical fields. Due to the postponement of many elective surgeries and even alternations in the pattern of emergent surgeries, concerns have been raised about whether residents of surgical disciplines are experienced enough after graduation or not. We aimed to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical residency training in different fields.

A case report of primary gastroesophageal melanoma: Presentation, diagnosis, and surgical approach.

Introduction & Importance: Gastrointestinal tract is an uncommon site for primary melanoma and its annual incidence is reported 0.47 cases in million. Thus, limited information is available about its medical or surgical treatment, long-term complications of melanoma, and survival rates of each therapeutic method.

Performance of immunohistochemistry versus real-time PCR method for detecting mycobacterial infections of cattle ‎ screened by comparative tuberculin test.

In addition to the fifty years since the test-and-slaughter program began in Iran and despite a significant reduction in the disease prevalence, positive tuberculosis cases are still being isolated from livestock farms across the country. Tests with 100% sensitivity and specificity are essential features for bovine tuberculosis diagnosis. The relationship between real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) as two essential laboratory methods in the diagnosis of bacterial infections were aimed to evaluate single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT) results.

Interactive tool for clustering and forecasting patterns of Taiwan COVID-19 spread.

The COVID-19 data analysis is essential for policymakers to analyze the outbreak and manage the containment. Many approaches based on traditional time series clustering and forecasting methods, such as hierarchical clustering and exponential smoothing, have been proposed to cluster and forecast the COVID-19 data. However, most of these methods do not scale up with the high volume of cases.

Albendazole ameliorates inflammatory response in a rat model of acute mesenteric ischemia reperfusion injury.

Background: Acute mesenteric ischemia is known as a life threatening condition. Re-establishment of blood flow in this condition can lead to mesenteric ischemia reperfusion (MIR) injury which is accompanied by inflammatory response. Still, clear blueprint of inflammatory mechanism underlying MIR injury has not been provided.

A huge preperitoneal collection following acute necrotizing pancreatitis: A case report and the management approach.

Introduction And Importance: Fluid collection is a critical complication of acute necrotizing pancreatitis. It is usually formed near the pancreas, but unusual collection sites have also been reported. Anterior extraperitoneal or preperitoneal collections following acute pancreatitis are rare and must be differentiated from pancreatic ascites, which is a collection of fluid in peritoneal cavity.

The First Occurrence of Hepatitis-Hydropericardium Syndrome in Iran and Effective Applied Control Measures in the Affected Commercial Broiler Flock.

Fowl adenoviruses cause three economically important diseases in broiler chicken flocks: hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), and adenoviral gizzard erosion. IBH has not been considered a serious threat in northeast Iran since the last decade, because no major effect on flock performance has been noticed along with a low mortality rate. During this period, all the sporadic IBH outbreaks have also been investigated for HHS without finding any confirmed case.

Rectus Sheath Hematoma in COVID-19 Patients as a Mortal Complication: A Retrospective Report.

Background: Rectus sheath hematoma is a rare self-limited presentation that has become a concern in hospitalized COVID-19 patients receiving anticoagulant therapies.

Method: A retrospective multicentric study was conducted in referral hospitals affiliated with the Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran, between June and August 2021. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 that were complicated with rectus sheath hematoma during hospitalization were included.

Problem-based learning as an effective method for teaching theoretical surgery courses to medical students.

Background: This study was designed to assess the clinical judgment of medical students in surgery clinical decision-making by a standard examination after lecture-based learning (LBL) or problem-based learning (PBL).

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized trial study on 175 medical students whom were randomly allocated to three groups was performed during November 2017 and January 2018. LBL group ( = 103), PBL group led by an attending ( = 39), and PBL group ( = 33) led by an intern.

Colosplenic fistula presentation in the context of undiagnosed colon cancer: Case report and review of literature.

Introduction And Importance: Enteric fistulas commonly arise from inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic processes. Colosplenic fistulas are rare with only several reported worldwide.

Case Presentation: Herein, we present a case of colosplenic fistula in a 39-year-old gentleman with past history of rectal cancer previously in remission.

Structural insights into the substrate-binding site of main protease for the structure-based COVID-19 drug discovery.

An attractive drug target to combat COVID-19 is the main protease (M ) because of its key role in the viral life cycle by processing the polyproteins translated from the viral RNA. Studying the crystal structures of the protease is important to enhance our understanding of its mechanism of action at the atomic-level resolution, and consequently may provide crucial structural insights for structure-based drug discovery. In the current study, we report a comparative structural analysis of the M substrate binding site for both apo and holo forms to identify key interacting residues and conserved water molecules during the ligand-binding process.

Ensemble learning from ensemble docking: revisiting the optimum ensemble size problem.

Despite considerable advances obtained by applying machine learning approaches in protein-ligand affinity predictions, the incorporation of receptor flexibility has remained an important bottleneck. While ensemble docking has been used widely as a solution to this problem, the optimum choice of receptor conformations is still an open question considering the issues related to the computational cost and false positive pose predictions. Here, a combination of ensemble learning and ensemble docking is suggested to rank different conformations of the target protein in light of their importance for the final accuracy of the model.