Reconstruction of Cloacal Defect: Switch Operation - A New Approach.

Introduction: Reconstruction of a cloacal defect in a girl is often difficult and complicated.[1] This is most often done either by the sacro-perineal route or through the posterior sagittal route.[2] The procedures may involve total mobilization of the cloaca with or without the creation of a lower vagina with the help of a loop of vascularized bowel.

Overlooked Factors Causing Renal Damage in Vesicoureteric Reflux!

Introduction: Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR), recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI), febrile urinary tract infection (FUTI), renal scarring, and renal damage are intimately related. Key factors of renal damage in VUR are suspected to be RUTI and FUTI. Hence, conventional treatments are targeted toward the prevention of RUTI and FUTI.

Abdominoperineal Tunnel Crafted with Alken's Telescopic Dilators: A Novel Technique!

Background: Abdomino-perineal pull through procedure needs perineal dissection and for that swap of supine to prone may be necessary. To avoid that as well as to avoid neuro-muscular damage; we are describing a simple minimal invasive procedure with help of Alken's telescopic dilators.

Patients & Methods: We created abdomino-perineal tunnel with Alken's telescopic dilators to bring down the lumen of intestine in perineum in eight patients.

Clinicopathological Study of Primary Pediatric Gastrointestinal Lymphomas.

Background: Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas (PGIL) are uncommon in children and account for <5% of all pediatric malignancies. The objective of our study was to analyze the prognostic factors of pediatric PGILs with reference to its histological subtypes, stage, and outcomes using immunohistochemistry.

Materials And Methods: Twenty cases were studied over 11 years.

Needling for Suture Track Fistula.

A day care procedure for ablation of epithelium of suture track fistula (STF) is described with a tip of hypodermic needle under surface anesthesia. STF is a minor but annoying and frustrating complication following hypospadias surgery. Parents and patients are worried of soiling of dress from dribbling of urine through STF during urination.

Factors Accountable for Unabated Obstruction Following Pyeloplasty.

Purpose: Split renal function (SFR) and frusemide washout (FWO) are assessed by the DTPA renogram to measure the renal parenchymal functions as well as the evidence of obstruction, both for diagnosis and to treat the pelviureteric junction obstruction. In good number of renal units, both these parameters remain unaltered even after surgery and cause anguish to parents and referring physicians and are usually attributed toward "defective pyeloplasty." In this study, we have tried to single out the bona fide responsible factor for the bad outcome; either the nonreversible kidney or the restenosis of pyeloplasty.

Insight into Posterior Urethral Valve from Our Experience: Paradigm Appended to Abate Renal Failure.

Objective: The objective of the study was to share our experience of management of posterior urethral valve (PUV) and to suggest a paradigm to impede upstaging of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and prevent end-stage renal failure (ESRF).

Patients And Methods: We have treated 332 patient of PUV from March 2005 to April 2016, Of which 272 case records had adequate data to be analyzed. The mean age was 2.

Laparoscopy during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Absence of Evidence is not Evidence of Absence.

From a local outbreak to a global pandemic, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection has spread across 210 borders to infect 2.5 million humans. There is an organized disruption in the routine hospital functioning to divert the available resources for effective crisis management; most of the departments have been split to carve out a "COVID task force.

A histopathological study of liver and biliary remnants in the long-term survivors (>10 years) of cases of biliary atresia.

Context: Biliary atresia (BA) is a destructive process affecting both extra- and intra-hepatic bile ducts leading to fibrosis and obliteration of the biliary tree and cirrhosis usually within 2 years. Factors influencing the outcome of portoenterostomy (PE) have not been clearly defined.

Aims: Our aim was to identify children with no evidence of liver disease 10 years or more after PE and to compare the pathology of liver and biliary remnants in this group with those associated with poor outcome.

Migration and maturation pattern of fetal enteric ganglia: a study of 16 cases.

Aims: To study the migration and developmental pattern of ganglion cells in fetuses aged 9-21 weeks, and to document whether the migration was occurring circumferentially equally in the entire axis or if there were discrepancies in different portions at the same level.

Settings And Design: The hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's disease mainly revolves around two schools. One is the single gradient migration of ganglia and the other is a dual gradient migration theory.

Intraoperative hydrostatic reduction of intussusception.

Aims: To find out an easier way of reduction of intussusception during open surgery to avoid unnecessary bowel injury.

Materials And Methods: Under general anesthesia, before laparotomy, warm normal saline was infused into the rectum with a Foley catheter and an intravenous drip set maintaining the level of the bottle at 80 cm above the operating table. After opening the abdomen, pressure was applied on the colon filled with normal saline distal to the intussusceptum.

Rectourinary perineal fistula--a unique anomaly.

Two patients who presented with a unique anorectal malformation are described. They had what we have named rectourinary perineal fistula. The first patient had a more severe malformation, rectovesicoperineal fistula, and has been followed up for 28 years.

Intestinal neuronal disorders--a study of seven cases.

Intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) has been reported as an innervation disorder that can present as isolated disease or may be associated with Hirschsprung's disease (HD). The interest in this disorder is growing as it mimics HD at clinical level but can be managed with a more conservative approach if an accurate diagnosis can be made. Many workers have tried to set up diagnostic criteria of this condition.