Evaluation of Quantitative Aspects of Craniofacial Deformities in Transfusion Dependent Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients: A Cephalometric Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the quantitative (cephalometric) aspects of the craniofacial deformities in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia (TDT) patients.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-five TDT patients receiving a regular blood transfusion in the Department of Pediatrics of age group 5 to 8 years (younger) and 15 years and above (older) were compared with control groups of similar age using cephalograms (lateral and posterior-anterior view).

Results And Observation: The prevalence of skeletal class II tendency is higher in thalassemic patients that do not improve with age.

Effects of various remineralizing agents on the outcome of post-orthodontic white spot lesions (WSLs): a clinical trial.

Background: One of the most undesirable side effects of comprehensive orthodontic treatment is white spot lesions (WSLs). Despite many attempts at prevention of WSLs, its prevalence remains very high on debonding. There are many agents like fluoride toothpastes, fluoride varnishes, and fluoride mouth rinses, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is frequently used for the remineralization of WSLs.

Prevalence of malocclusion and assessment of treatment needs in β-thalassemia major children.

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and treatment needs in transfusion dependent β-thalassemia major children.

Methods: One hundred transfusion dependent β-thalassemia major children visiting the Department of Pediatrics were selected randomly and evaluated for malocclusion with Angle's classification and Dewey's modification. The orthodontic treatment needs were also assessed using Grainger's treatment priority index (TPI).

Long-Term Effect of Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis (DO) on Nasal Index in Adult Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Deformities.

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that there is no immediate and long-term effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO) on nasal index among adult subjects with cleft lip and palate deformities.

Materials And Methods: Twelve adult subjects in the age range of 17-20 years with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate underwent advancement of maxilla by DO. The immediate and long-term effects of maxillary DO on nasal index were evaluated from extra-oral full face frontal photographs recorded prior to DO (T0), at the end of active DO (T1) and at least 2-years after the DO (T2).

Role of fluorine-18 fluoride PET-CT scan in the assessment of unilateral condylar hyperplasia in faciomandibular asymmetry patients: a preliminary study.

Objectives: This prospective study was aimed to determine and quantify the change in mandibular condylar hyperactivity over a period of time by using a fluorine-18 (18F) fluoride PET-computed tomography (CT) scan.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen patients (age 19.50 ± 2.

Implementation of post treatment critical evaluation improved the quality of orthodontic care in postgraduate orthodontic clinic: A 10 years comparative study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of post- treatment critical evaluation on the quality of orthodontic care in a postgraduate orthodontic clinic.

Materials And Methods: Orthodontic treatment outcome of 109 consecutively treated cases was evaluated in Phase-I evaluation. Following Phase-I evaluation, PTCE of each case was made mandatory.

Satisfaction audit of patients undergoing mandibular distraction osteogenesis with extra-oral distraction appliances.

Introduction: The aim of this research was to evaluate the level of satisfaction of patients who were undergoing distraction osteogenesis of mandible with extraoral distraction appliance.

Material And Methods: The prospective study was performed on 13 patients with facio-mandibular deformity reporting to the Oral Health Sciences Center, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India, who required surgical and orthodontic intervention for correction. A standardized multiple choice questionnaire was provided to all patients at 3 stages of treatment i.

Comparison of risk indicators of dental caries in children with and without cleft lip and palate deformities.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that there are no differences in various risk factors of dental caries among children with cleft lip and palate when compared to non-cleft high caries risk and non-cleft caries free children.

Design: Seventy-three children in the age range of 4-9 years comprised three groups; Group-I (n = 23, children with cleft lip and palate), Group-II (n = 25, non-cleft high caries risk children) and Group-III (n = 25, non-cleft caries free children). Various risk factors for dental caries like type of oral hygiene practice, sugar exposures/day, developmental defects of enamel, caries activity, salivary streptococci mutans levels and lactobacilli levels were evaluated and compared among the three groups of children.

Effects of twin-block appliance on the anatomy of pharyngeal airway passage (PAP) in class II malocclusion subjects.

Background: The use of functional appliances for the correction of retrognathic mandible is very common in orthodontics. Similar appliances known as oral appliances are also frequently used in adults for the treatment of mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Many studies have reported improvement of pharyngeal airway passage (PAP) dimensions following functional appliance therapy in children and oral appliance therapy in adults.

A normative study to evaluate inclination and angulation of teeth in North Indian population and comparision of expression of torque in preadjusted appliances.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate angulation and inclination of teeth from the study models of individuals with normal occlusion and evaluation of actual expression of torque expressed by three different bracket systems.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the inclination and angulation were measured on 30 study models of North Indian individuals. A self-developed instrument (torque angle gauge) was used for the measurement.

Midsymphyseal distraction osteogenesis with lingual tooth-supported distractor: a case report.

This report presents the treatment of a patient with severe mandibular anterior crowding caused by anterior transverse deficiency of the mandible. The treatment plan called for midsymphyseal distraction osteogenesis. A tooth-supported distractor placed on the lingual aspect of the mandible was used for mandibular widening.

Cephalometric norms for orthognathic surgery for North Indian population.

Objective: The objective of this study is to establish the cephalometric hard tissue norm for orthognathic surgery for North Indian subjects.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 young adults which consists of 46 males and 54 females with the age range of 14-24 years with balanced facial profile and minimum arch length discrepancies were chosen for the study. Lateral cephalograms with teeth in occlusion were recorded and analyzed manually to establish the norm.

Maxillary distraction osteogenesis at Le Fort-I level induces bone apposition at infraorbital rim.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether there is any remodeling of bone at infraorbital rim following maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO) at Le Fort-I level.

Materials And Methods: Twelve adult subjects in the age range of 17-21 years with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate underwent advancement of the maxilla by DO. The effect of maxillary DO on the infraorbital rim remodeling was evaluated from lateral cephalograms recorded prior to the DO (T0), at the end of DO (T1), and at least 2-years after the DO (T2) by Walker's analysis.

Increase in sagittal depth of the bony nasopharynx following maxillary protraction in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Objective : To study the change in the sagittal depth of the bony nasopharynx in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), following maxillary protraction using reverse headgear. Methods : Nineteen patients (14 male, five female; aged 9.36 ± 2.

Removable molar power arm.

Attachment of force elements from the gingival hook of maxillary molar tubes during the retraction of the anterior teeth is very common in orthodontic practice. As the line of force passes below the center of resistance (CR) of molar, it results its mesial tipping and also anchorage loss. To overcome this problem, the line of force should pass along the CR of molar.

Neural tube defects and their significance in clinical dentistry: a mini review.

Neural tube defects are common congenital malformations that could be apparent at birth or manifested in later stages of life. Morbidity is high in anencephaly, whereas in spina bifida, there are neurological and motor disorders. These defects deserve paramount importance in clinical dentistry.

Effectiveness of twin-block and Mandibular Protraction Appliance-IV in the improvement of pharyngeal airway passage dimensions in Class II malocclusion subjects with a retrognathic mandible.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that twin-block and Mandibular Protraction Appliance-IV (MPA-IV) are not effective in improving the pharyngeal airway passage (PAP) dimensions among Class II malocclusion subjects with a retrognathic mandible.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-three subjects ranging in age from 8 to 14 years were divided into four groups. Group I included 30 Class I malocclusion subjects (healthy controls); group II consisted of 16 Class II malocclusion subjects (Class II controls); group III had 16 subjects in whom Class II malocclusion was treated by MPA-IV; and the remaining 21 subjects formed group IV, whose Class II malocclusions were corrected by twin-block appliance.

Treatment outcome and long-term stability of skeletal changes following maxillary distraction in adult subjects of cleft lip and palate.

Aim: To evaluate the treatment outcome and long-term stability of skeletal changes following maxillary advancement with distraction osteogenesis in adult subjects of cleft lip and palate.

Materials And Methods: Total 12 North Indian adult patients in the age range of 17-34 years with cleft lip and palate underwent advancement of maxilla by distraction osteogenesis. Lateral cephalograms recorded prior to distraction, at the end of distraction, 6 months after distraction, and at least 24 months (mean 25.

Solitary median maxillary central incisor in association with hemifacial microsomia: A rare case report and review of literature.

Solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) is a rare dental anomaly. It is estimated to occur in 1:50,000 live births. The SMMCI tooth differs from the normal central incisor in that the crown form is symmetric and it develops and erupts precisely in the midline of the maxillary dental arch in both primary and permanent dentitions.

Arrowhead elastic for simultaneous correction of overjet and overbite.

Arrowhead elastic may be integrated with fixed appliances to achieve rapid correction of increased overjet and overbite during comprehensive orthodontic treatment. This technique is applicable in routine class II cases involving deep bite, during retention phase in growing children treated with twin block and postsurgically in adult hypodivergent cases.

Effect of three different motivational techniques on oral hygiene and gingival health of patients undergoing multibracketed orthodontics.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of three different motivational techniques for maintaining good oral hygiene during fixed appliance orthodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: A total of 62 adolescents in the age range of 12-18 years, requiring fixed orthodontic treatment were evaluated for the efficacy of three different motivational techniques, ie, conventional plaque control measures (group I), chair side motivational tests with conventional plaque control measures (group II), and phase contrast microscopy with conventional plaque control measures (group III), in improving oral hygiene and gingival health over a period of 6 months.

Results: A gradual decline in mean plaque scores in group III was found, ie, from 1.

An Innovative Miniature Bite Force Recorder.

In this study, a detailed description of development of a new novel bite force recorder (gnathodynamometer) using solid state components is vividly explained. This state of the art authenticated device can be used to assess the complex function of human bite force, which is the net resultant combination of functional response of various craniomandibular structures consisting of interrelated components, like the muscles of mastication, joints, teeth and the neuromuscular system. The consistency and accuracy of the bite force recorder was reaffirmed by doing a detailed laboratory calibration and clinical testing on 30 adult subjects.