Rationale and design of the TUXEDO-2 India study: Ultra-Thin strUt Supraflex Cruz versus XiencE in a Diabetic pOpulation with multi-vessel disease-2.

Background: The role of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in patients with diabetes mellitus and multi-vessel disease has been questioned by the results of the FREEDOM trial, which showed superiority of coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) over first generation drug-eluting stents (DES) including a reduction in mortality. In the light of safer and more efficacious stents and significantly better medical management, those results that date back to 2012 need to be revisited. TUXEDO-2 is a study designed to compare two contemporary stents in Indian diabetic patients with multi-vessel disease.

Influence of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Remodeling, Substrate and Ion Metabolism of Myocardium to Prevent Cardiovascular Risks: Recent Work and Advancement.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of drugs that lower blood glucose levels while decreasing blood pressure, volume loss, and weight loss. SGLT2 inhibitors were studied to determine their effectiveness in treating cardiovascular disease and their side effects. Study outcomes related to cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes were examined in patients on SGLT2 inhibitors by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and SCOPUS.

Stellate ganglion block as rescue therapy in drug-resistant electrical storm.

Electrical storm or incessant ventricular tachycardia is a life-threatening condition and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Often patients respond to traditional anti-arrhythmia treatment. However, some patients are resistant to the drug therapy and thus, pose huge challenges in effective management.

Interplay between PAPP-A, inflammation and adiposity in patients with angiographically proven acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Introduction Studies conducted in the recent past have demonstrated the role of inflammation, obesity and dysfunctional insulin signaling as contributing factors in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, pharmacological interventions targeting a single pathway have not proven useful in the long run. This indicates that a synergism occurs between the various risk factors and hence calls for a combinatorial approach.

Cystatin C in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Cystatin C has been regarded as a novel sensitive marker for the assessment of renal function, and the role of cystatin C as a predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with impaired renal function has been confirmed in clinical studies. In this study we assessed the association between cystatin C and Coronary artery disease [CAD] in a consecutive series of patients with normal kidney function in order to avoid the well-known effect of overt renal insufficiency on coronary atherosclerosis, and evaluate whether cystatin C has an ability to identify individuals at a higher risk for CAD among patients belonging to a low-risk category according to estimated glomerular filtration rate .The current study and review of literature demonstrated that serum levels of cystatin C, were independently associated with the development of CAD.

Autoimmune hepatitis with anti centromere antibodies.

We present the case report of a 49-year-old type 2 diabetes mellitus patient presenting with abdominal pain and black stool for 15 days. A proper workup of laboratory investigations helped us diagnose autoimmune hepatitis with anticentromere antibodies. The authors would like to highlight that screening AIH patients for anticentromere antibody is not mandatory but can be considered, especially in the presence of disease-related symptomatology for quicker, more accurate diagnosis and optimum management.

Assessment of serum leptin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and CRP levels as indicators of plaque vulnerability in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Introduction: A multifactorial aetiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been established in the recent past. Extensive research is now underway to understand the mechanisms responsible for plaque vulnerability. The identification of a novel biomarker that will help in the assessment of plaque status is urgently needed for the purpose of patient stratification and prognostication.

Thrombocytapheresis: managing essential thrombocythemia in a surgical patient.

A 73-year-old man presented with acute chest pain and shortness of breath suggestive of unstable angina. A detailed investigation revealed essential thrombocythemia and coronary artery pathology. With a baseline platelet count of 2,650×10(3)/μL, coronary artery bypass grafting became nearly impossible.

Air travel and pulmonary embolism: "economy class syndrome".

Air travel is implicated as a predisposing factor for thromboembolism, which at times can have catastrophic consequences. We present three cases who developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and subsequent pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) after transatlantic air travel.

Air travel and pulmonary embolism: "economy class syndrome".

Air travel is implicated as a predisposing factor for thromboembolism, which at times can have catastrophic consequences. We present 3 cases who developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and subsequent pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) after transatlantic air travel. The relevant literature is discussed.

Myocardial Bridge in association with fixed atherosclerotic lesions treated with drug-eluting stents: a follow-up report with quantitative coronary analysis.

Stenting of muscle bridge is still a controversial issue with concerns regarding high restenosis rates, plaque prolapse and stent fracture. We report a case with significant atherosclerotic disease of right coronary artery and left anterior descending artery associated with a muscle bridge, proximal to the diseased segment which became more prominent after stenting the fixed lesion. This was managed by implanting another drug eluting stent, covering the bridge.

Amlodipine induced gingival hyperplasia: a rare entity.

Drug induced gingival hyperplasia is an uncommon entity. Anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants and calcium channel blockers are often implicated. We report a case of a 52-year old male who developed amlodipine induced gingival hyperplasia.

12 lead ECG in the detection of left main coronary artery occlusion during acute coronary syndromes.

A careful evaluation of the 12 Lead surface ECG may help detect Left Main Coronary artery (LMCA) occlusion. Since LMCA occlusion can cause rapid hemodynamic and electrical deterioration, early identification may help the treating team to plan out timely revascularization. We describe a 61 years old male who presented with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction and where LMCA occlusion was suspected on the basis of surface ECG.