Pre-peritoneal Fat as a Guide to Extended View Total Extraperitoneal (eTEP) Repair for Inguinal Hernia.

In the extra-peritoneal approach for inguinal hernias, pre-peritoneal space creation is one of the most crucial steps. In the absence of well-defined landmarks, it is difficult to identify the correct plane of dissection, and blind dissection can sometimes lead to peritoneal injury, resulting in loss of working space. In this article, we describe our technique of pre-peritoneal space creation by following the fatty tissue of the median umbilical ligament and fatty tissue along the rectus muscle.

Phaeohyphomycosis: A study from tertiary health care center in North India.

Objectives: Phaeohyphomycosis refers to infections caused by phaeoid/dematiaceous or darkly pigmented fungi. This study was undertaken to further increase our knowledge about the incidence of phaeohyphomycosis and its causative agents.

Materials And Methods: The present study was conducted over a period of one and a half years (January 2018-June 2019) on specimens received from patients with varied clinical manifestations ranging from superficial infections, subcutaneous cysts, pneumonia, brain abscess to a disseminated infection.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology in soft tissue tumors-5-year institutional experience.

Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) forms one of the first-line investigations in the evaluation of tumors in modern era. Its role in diagnosing soft tissue tumors (STT) has been well established. However, the morphological overlap and biological heterogeneity of STT pose a morphological diagnostic challenge.

Apophysomyces variabilis, an emerging and worrisome cause of primary cutaneous necrotizing infections in India.

In India, Apophysomyces species complex is the second common agent of mucormycosis mainly affecting immunocompetent hosts unlike other Mucorales. It is frequently involved in causing necrotizing cutaneous infections. The present two-year study was planned to investigate the causative role of Apophysomyces spp.

Initial retrocolic endoscopic tunnel approach: A promising technique for radical right hemicolectomy.

Background: Complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation for colonic cancers improves overall survival. To achieve better short term and oncological results, different laparoscopic techniques have been described for right-sided colonic cancers. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy by the Initial Retrocolic Endoscopic Tunnel Approach (IRETA) is proposed to be easy and offer desired oncological resection; we present our results with IRETA.

Evaluation of DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction in fine needle aspirates from breast carcinoma.

Background: The use of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) as a primary tool in the diagnosis of breast carcinoma provides opportunity for early proliferative characterization of the tumor. This study was undertaken to assess DNA ploidy and S-phase (SPF) fraction by flow cytometry in fine needle aspirates of patients with breast cancer.

Method: Fifty patients of breast cancer diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and who subsequently underwent either mastectomy or lumpectomy were included.

Phaeohyphomycosis: Cytomorphologic Evaluation in Eleven Cases.

Objective: Phaeohyphomycosis caused by phaeoid fungi is a type of mycosis emerging worldwide which causes a wide variety of clinical manifestations.

Study Design: A retrospective analysis of 11 cases diagnosed with fungal inflammation on cytology over a period of 6 years (2013-2018) was done along with culture/histopathologic confirmation.

Results: Of the total of 11 cases, 9 cases presented with subcutaneous swellings and 1 case each with brain and lung lesions.

Binding Pancreaticojejunostomy: Is It Safe?

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) or leak from pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) is one of the most common complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), with an incidence of 5%-30%. Various techniques have been advocated to bring down the incidence of POPF, but there is still none that can be called the "gold standard". Peng's binding PJ (BPJ) was proposed as a good method of performing PJ with low fistula rates; we present our results with BPJ.

Evaluation of various risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant organisms isolated from diabetic foot ulcer patients.

Aims: Diabetic foot ulcer is a dreaded complication of diabetes. Diabetic foot ulcer patients are often infected with multidrug resistant organism (MDRO) due to chronic course of the wound, inappropriate antibiotics treatment, frequent hospital admission, neuropathy, nephropathy, and peripheral vascular disease.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted in our 750 bedded hospital for a period of 6 months.

Clinical Profile and Outcome in Patients of Diabetic Foot Infection.

Purpose: The aim is to study the clinical profile and outcome of patients presenting with diabetic foot infections (DFI).

Methods: This was a prospective study recruiting patients >18 years of age, with DFI. All patients underwent a detailed history and clinical examination.

Mucormycosis: Battle with the Deadly Enemy over a Five-Year Period in India.

Mucormycosis is an emerging opportunistic fungal infection. Increasing immunocompromization, widespread use of antibacterial and antifungal agents (such as voriconazole prophylaxis), carcinomas, transplantation and lifestyle diseases such as diabetes are the main contributors to this situation. The predominant clinical manifestations of mucormycosis vary from host to host, with rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal infections being the most common.

Ameboma of Colon Simulating Colonic Adenocarcinoma.

Amebiasis is common in tropical and developing countries with variable symptoms. Ameboma of the colon occurs rarely due to the annular growth of granulation tissue and can present as mass lesion simulating colonic carcinoma in elderly individuals. Due to diagnostic dilemma or in case of complications, for example, acute intestinal obstruction, perforation, or bleeding per rectum, the patient requires urgent surgical exploration and final diagnosis is made on histopathological examination.

A prospective study of mucormycosis in north India: experience from a tertiary care hospital.

Mucormycosis is an emerging angioinvasive infection caused by the ubiquitous filamentous fungi of the Order Mucorales and class of Mucormycetes. We conducted a prospective study of 38 patients who were diagnosed as having mucormycosis in a tertiary care hospital during January 2010 to June 2011. The cases were analyzed regarding the site of involvement, underlying disease and species of fungi isolated, antifungal susceptibility pattern of the isolates, and outcome of therapy.

Fungal necrotizing fasciitis, an emerging infectious disease caused by Apophysomyces (Mucorales).

Background: The mucoralean fungi are emerging causative agents of primary cutaneous infections presenting in the form of necrotizing fasciitis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate a series of suspected necrotizing fasciitis cases by Apophysomyces species over one-year period in a northern Indian hospital.

Methods: The clinical details of those patients suspected to suffer from fungal necrotizing fasciitis were recorded.

Primary tuberculosis of the breast presented as multiple discharge sinuses.

Breast tuberculosis is a rare form of tuberculosis (TB). It is mainly classified as primary and secondary forms. Primary form is rare.

Complete bronchial transaction due to severe blunt trauma and chest; treatment and outcomes : A distinct entity.

An 18-year-young male patient came to the emergency department with history of severe blunt trauma. He was having respiratory distress and diagnosed as bronchial injury on the right side. A chest tube was put immediately and there was continuous air leak in the form of air bubbles in the intercostal chest tube bag with each inspiratory effort.

Giant sarcomatoid carcinoma of the breast - a rare case report.

Metaplastic breast carcinoma breast is rare entity having mixture of epithelial and mesenchymal elements which contains overtly sarcoma-like elements on light microscopy and its clinical behaviour is not well documented. We are presenting a case in a 50 - year old female presented with a large swelling over the left side of the breast. On histopathology, diagnosis made as metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with sarcomatoid variant.