Effect of environmental air pollutants on placental function and pregnancy outcomes: a molecular insight.

Air pollution has become a major health concern, particularly for vulnerable populations such as the elderly, children, and pregnant women. Studies have reported a strong association between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including lower birth weight, reduced fetal growth, and an increased frequency of preterm births. This review summarizes the harmful effects of air pollutants, such as particulate matter, on pregnancy and outlines the mechanistic details associated with these adverse outcomes.

Evaluation of diagnostic potential of maternal serum ischemia modified albumin in cases of pre-eclampsia.

Objectives: The underlying causes and mechanisms of pre-eclampsia (PE), its exact etiology remains unclear and poorly understood. Hypoxia, ischemia, and oxidative stress induced by free radicals have been associated with development of PE. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a chemically modified albumin due to oxidative stress.

Perception, acceptance, and adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines: Insights from Indian population.

Background: Vaccination has been pivotal in eradicating numerous infectious diseases. Nonetheless, concerns about the safety and side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine persist. This study aimed to gauge the perceptions and experiences of the Indian population concerning COVID-19 vaccination.

Approaching sustainability in Laboratory Medicine.

Introduction: Clinical laboratories and the total testing process are major consumers of energy, water, and hazardous chemicals, and produce significant amounts of biomedical waste. Since the processes in the clinical laboratory and the total testing process go hand in hand it mandates a holistic, and comprehensive approach towards sustainability.

Content: This review article identifies the various sources and activities in Laboratory Medicine that challenge sustainability and also discusses the various approaches that can be implemented to achieve sustainability in laboratory operations to reduce the negative impact on the environment.

Bone microarchitecture and bone mineral density in Graves' disease.

Objectives: Graves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis. There are many studies that have evaluated bone mineral density (BMD) in Graves' disease. However, the strength of a bone also depends on its microarchitecture which can be assessed by various techniques.

The study of the role of insulin resistance as etiological factor in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a case control study.

Objectives: The relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been consistently shown by several studies but what is the cause and what is the effect remained an unsolved issue. In recent years, IR has been suggested to be a key etiological factor which contributes to the severity of metabolic and reproductive features in PCOS. The aim of the present study is to determine the etiological role of IR in PCOS.

Prevalence and Complications of Subclinical and Overt Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy at North Indian Tertiary Care Center.

Background: Thyroid disorders are one of the commonest endocrine problems among pregnant women. It is often argued that it is not only overt, but subclinical thyroid dysfunction also has similar adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes. There is a huge deficiency of data from the Indian population to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy.

Association of vitamin D with the severity of disease and mortality in COVID-19: Prospective study in central India.

Background: Many factors have been proposed to be associated with the severity of disease and mortality in COVID-19. Vitamin D had recently been reviewed as one of these factors.

Aim And Objectives: To evaluate the association between Vitamin D and the disease severity and mortality in COVID-19.

Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: a review of existing literature.

On November 24th, 2021 a case of a new viral variant of SARS-CoV-2 was reported by South Africa and Botswana to WHO, which later was designated as the variant of concern on 26th November 2021. It has around 60 mutations (50 non synonymous, 8 synonymous, and 2 non coding) as compared to the original parent strain of Wuhan. Different hypotheses have been put forward as an explanation for the origin like reverse zoonosis i.

COVID-19: a viewpoint from hepatic perspective.

Coronaviruses as such are known since last century. The name is derived from their shape which has crown (corona) like radiating spikes. The recent one however is a different one from the Coronavirus involved in SARS (2002-2004) and MERS (2012) in being highly infectious.

Biological reference interval of nitric oxide in health and disease.

Objectives: There is a need to develop reference interval of NO in health and disease.

Methods: Subjects aged between 25 and 55 years were drawn from a random sample of the north Indian population, based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Measurement of NO was done based on principle of greiss reaction.

The study of serum hsCRP, ferritin, IL-6 and plasma D-dimer in COVID-19: a retrospective study.

Objectives: The cut off values for serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), ferritin, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and plasma D-dimer could be of profound help in detecting COVID-19 patients at risk of adverse outcomes. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the cut off values of the serum hsCRP, ferritin, IL-6 and plasma D-dimer in predicting mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Four hundred RT-PCR confirmed cases of COVID-19 were sub divided into two groups based on their outcome during hospitalisation.

COVID-19 infection in pregnancy: a review of existing knowledge.

The world has been coping up with the grave pandemic of COVID-19 since its inception into the human race in December, 2019. By entering the host through the spike (S) glycoprotein, it paves way for its own survival and multiplication. Respiratory tract being the point of entry causes pulmonary compromise and leads to development of ARDS.

The second wave of COVID-19 results in outbreak of mucormycosis: diabetes and immunological perspective.

Objectives: To evaluate the potential relationship between COVID-19 pandemic and mucormycosis outbreak.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched for the term "COVID-19 and mucormycosis" up to May 31, 2021.

Results: After the second wave of COVID-19, the mucormycosis outbreak complicates the natural course of COVID-19.

COVID-19 pandemic and potential of artificial intelligence.

Objective: To evaluate the potential of artificial intelligence in combating COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched for the term "Artificial intelligence and COVID-19" up to March 31, 2021.

Results: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a potential tool to contain the current pandemic.

Prevalence of elevated liver enzymes and its relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North Indian adults.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) also referred as metabolic as metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause in progression of NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The aim of the present study is to assess the activity of liver enzymes in T2DM in North Indian population.

Does serum TSH level act as a surrogate marker for psychological stress and cardio-metabolic risk among adolescent and young people?

Objectives: The incidence of metabolic syndrome is increasing even at younger ages. Metabolic syndrome constitutes a group of cardiovascular risk factors that include high cholesterol, triacylglycerol, hyperglycemia, central obesity, etc., which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, may be even cancer.

COVID-19 and lung pathologies.

COVID-19 is a global emergency with over 10 million cases and over 500, 000 deaths worldwide. The SARS CoV-2 is a RNA virus belonging to the family coronaviridae. It has high infectivity.

COVID-19 and neurology perspective.

COVID-19 caused by SARS CoV2 (The novel corona virus) has already taken lives of many people across the globe even more than anyone could have imagined. This outbreak occurred in China and since then it is expanding its devastating effects by leaps and bounds. Initially it appeared to be an outbreak of pneumonia but soon it was found to be much more than that and the infectivity was found to be very high.

COVID-19: a review on SARS-CoV-2 origin, epidemiology, virology, clinical manifestations and complications with special emphasis on adverse outcome in Bhopal Gas Tragedy survivor.

After the global outbreak of coronaviruses caused diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), an outbreak due to these viruses occurred in December, 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and led to a worldwide spread. Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) has emerged as a serious global health emergency and spread from a person to another who has the virus. But the scope of an intermediate host is not known.