Recombinant polio-rhinovirus immunotherapy for recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma: a phase 1b trial.

Background: Outcomes of recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma are poor, with a median overall survival of less than 6 months. Viral immunotherapy, such as the polio-rhinovirus chimera lerapolturev, is a novel approach for treatment of recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma and has shown promise in adults with recurrent glioblastoma. The poliovirus receptor CD155 is ubiquitously expressed in malignant paediatric brain tumours and is a treatment target in paediatric high-grade glioma.

Listening to paediatric primary care nurses: a qualitative study of the potential for interprofessional oral health practice in six federally qualified health centres in Massachusetts and Maryland.

Objectives: To explore the opportunities for interprofessional collaboration (IPC) to improve paediatric oral health in federally qualified health centres (FQHCs), to identify challenges to IPC-led integration of oral health prevention into the well-child visit and to suggest strategies to overcome barriers.

Sample: Nurse managers (NMs), nurse practitioners (NPs), paediatric clinical staff and administrators in six FQHCs in two states were interviewed using a semistructured format.

Design: Grounded theory research.

Integration of Oral Health Into the Well-Child Visit at Federally Qualified Health Centers: Study of 6 Clinics, August 2014-March 2015.

Introduction: Early childhood caries, the most common chronic childhood disease, affects primary dentition and can impair eating, sleeping, and school performance. The disease is most prevalent among vulnerable populations with limited access to pediatric dental services. These same children generally receive well-child care at federally qualified health centers.

Effects of short-term resistance training and subsequent detraining on the electromechanical delay.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the effects of 3 days of dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) and isokinetic (ISOK) training and subsequent detraining on the electromechanical delay (EMD).

Methods: Thirty-one men [age 22.2 ± 4.

Acute effects of passive stretching on the electromechanical delay and evoked twitch properties: a gender comparison.

This study examined the acute effects of passive stretching on electromechanical delay (EMD), peak twitch force (PTF), rate of force development (RFD), and peak-to-peak M-wave (PPM) for the soleus muscle during evoked isometric plantar flexion muscle actions. Fourteen men (mean age ± SD = 21.2 ± 2.

Consistency of rapid muscle force characteristics: influence of muscle contraction onset detection methodology.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consistency of commonly reported rapid force characteristics utilizing both automated and manual muscle contraction onset detection methods. Twenty-four healthy volunteers performed isometric strength testing of the plantar flexor muscle group on two nonconsecutive days. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard errors of measurement (SEM), and the SEM as a percentage of the mean (SEM%) for rate of force development (RFD), relative RFD, contractile impulse, and absolute force-time values at various epoch durations using automated and manual onset detection methods.

Percent voluntary inactivation and peak force predictions with the interpolated twitch technique in individuals with high ability of voluntary activation.

The purpose of this study was to examine the sensitivity and peak force prediction capability of the interpolated twitch technique (ITT) performed during submaximal and maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) in subjects with the ability to maximally activate their plantar flexors. Twelve subjects performed two MVCs and nine submaximal contractions with the ITT method to calculate percent voluntary inactivation (%VI). Additionally, two MVCs were performed without the ITT.

Differences in the log-transformed electromyographic-force relationships of the plantar flexors between high- and moderate-activated subjects.

The present study examined the log-transformed electromyographic amplitude (EMG) versus force relationships for the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus (SOL) in high- and moderate-activated subjects. Twenty-five (age=21±2 year; mass=62±12 kg) participants performed six submaximal contractions (30-90% maximal voluntary contraction [MVC]) with the interpolated twitch technique (ITT) performed at 90% MVC to calculate percent voluntary activation (% VA). Sixteen participants with>90% VA at 90% MVC were categorized high-activated group; the remaining nine were the moderate-activated group.

Effects of two modes of static stretching on muscle strength and stiffness.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of constant-angle (CA) and constant-torque (CT) stretching of the leg flexors on peak torque (PT), EMGRMS at PT, passive range of motion (PROM), passive torque (PAS(TQ)), and musculotendinous stiffness (MTS).

Methods: Seventeen healthy men (mean ± SD: age = 21.4 ± 2.

Mechanical scale and load cell underwater weighing: a comparison of simultaneous measurements and the reliability of methods.

Both load cell and mechanical scale-based hydrostatic weighing (HW) systems are used for the measurement of underwater weight. However, there has been no direct comparison of the 2 methods. The purpose of the current investigation was to simultaneously compare a load cell and mechanical scale for use in HW.

Gender differences in musculotendinous stiffness and range of motion after an acute bout of stretching.

The purpose of the present study was to examine musculotendinous stiffness (MTS) and ankle joint range of motion (ROM) in men and women after an acute bout of passive stretching. Thirteen men (mean ± SD age = 21 ± 2 years; body mass = 79 ± 15 kg; and height = 177 ± 7 cm) and 19 women (21 ± 3 years; 61 ± 9 kg; 165 ± 8 cm) completed stretch tolerance tests to determine MTS and ROM before and after a stretching protocol that consisted of 9 repetitions of passive, constant-torque stretching. The women were all tested during menses.

Reproducibility and validity of bioimpedance spectroscopy for tracking changes in total body water: implications for repeated measurements.

Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been used to track changes in total body water (TBW). Accurate TBW estimations can be influenced by both methodological and biological factors. One methodological variation that contributes to BIS TBW errors is the electrode placement.

Six weeks of high-intensity interval training with and without beta-alanine supplementation for improving cardiovascular fitness in women.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cycle ergometry high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with and without beta-alanine supplementation on maximal oxygen consumption rate (VO2 peak), cycle ergometer workload at the ventilatory threshold (VT W), and body composition. Forty-four women (mean +/- SD age = 21.8 +/- 3.

Viscoelastic creep in the human skeletal muscle-tendon unit.

The purposes of the present study were to (1) characterize viscoelastic creep in vivo in the human skeletal muscle-tendon unit and (2) to examine the consistency of these responses during a single 30-s stretch. Twelve volunteers (mean +/- SD = 22 +/- 3 years; height = 169 +/- 11 cm; mass = 70 +/- 17 kg) participated in two separate experimental trials. Each trial consisted of a 30-s constant-torque stretch of the plantar flexor muscles.

Acute effects of passive stretching on the electromechanical delay and evoked twitch properties.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of passive stretching on the electromechanical delay (EMD), peak twitch force (PTF), rate of force development (RFD), and compound muscle action potential (M-wave) amplitude during evoked twitches of the plantar flexor muscles. 16 men (mean age +/- SD = 21.1 +/- 1.

Validity of electromyographic fatigue threshold as a noninvasive method for tracking changes in ventilatory threshold in college-aged men.

The submaximal electromyographic fatigue threshold test (EMG(FT)) has been shown to be highly correlated to ventilatory threshold (VT) as determined from maximal graded exercise tests (GXTs). Recently, a prediction equation was developed using the EMG(FT) value to predict VT. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine if this new equation could accurately track changes in VT after high-intensity interval training (HIIT).

Acute effects of a thermogenic nutritional supplement on cycling time to exhaustion and muscular strength in college-aged men.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to examine the acute effects of a thermogenic nutritional supplement containing caffeine, capsaicin, bioperine, and niacin on muscular strength and endurance performance.

Methods: Twenty recreationally-active men (mean +/- SD age = 21.5 +/- 1.

Anthropometric estimations of percent body fat in NCAA Division I female athletes: a 4-compartment model validation.

Anthropometric equations, based on 2-compartment models, have been routinely used to estimate body composition in female college athletes; however, these equations are not without error. In an attempt to decrease the error associated with anthropometric equations, updated equations were developed using multiple-compartment models, although the validity of these equations has not yet been established. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the validity of the updated anthropometric equations and compare them with previously validated generalized equations for estimating percent fat (%fat) in female athletes.

Reliability of absolute versus log-transformed regression models for examining the torque-related patterns of response for mechanomyographic amplitude.

This study examined the test-retest reliability of the slopes (b) and y-intercepts (a) of the absolute and log-transformed regression models applied to the mechanomyographic amplitude (MMG(RMS)) versus torque (TQ) relationship. Fifteen participants (mean+/-SD age=23+/-4 yrs) performed two isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) and ten randomly ordered isometric leg extensions from 5% to 95% of their MVC during three separate trials. MMG(RMS) was recorded from the vastus lateralis during each MVC.

Acute effects of a thermogenic nutritional supplement on energy expenditure and cardiovascular function at rest, during low-intensity exercise, and recovery from exercise.

The purpose of present study was to examine the acute effects of a thermogenic nutritional supplement on energy expenditure (EE) and cardiovascular function at rest, during low-intensity exercise, and recovery from exercise. Twenty-eight healthy sedentary participants (mean +/- SD; age, 22.3 +/- 1.

Effects of creatine monohydrate and polyethylene glycosylated creatine supplementation on muscular strength, endurance, and power output.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a moderate dose of creatine monohydrate (CM) and two smaller doses of polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) creatine on muscular strength, endurance, and power output. Fifty-eight healthy men (mean +/- SD: age, 21 +/- 2 years; height, 176 +/- 6 cm; body mass [BM], 75 +/- 14 kg) volunteered and were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: (a) placebo (PL; 3.6 g of microcrystalline cellulose; n = 15), (b) CM (5 g of creatine; n = 13), (c) small-dose PEG creatine (1.