The effect of reproductive hormones on women's daily smoking across the menstrual cycle.

Background: Women attempt to quit smoking less often than men and are less likely to maintain abstinence. Reproductive hormones have been postulated as a reason for this sex difference, though this remains to be clarified. Research suggests that estradiol and progesterone may influence nicotine addiction, though various methodologies have led to inconsistent findings.

High Rollers: Correlates of Problematic Cocaine Use Among a Community Sample of Gamblers.

Over half of problem gamblers (PGs; i.e., individuals with an impulse to gamble despite negative consequences) experience a substance use disorder.