Retrospective study of nivolumab for patients with recurrent high grade gliomas.

Introduction: Patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas (HGG) have limited treatment options. HGG utilize the PD-1 pathway to evade immune responses. Checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated safety and clinical activity in patients with recurrent glioblastoma.

Hereditary Thrombophilia and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

The challenging nature of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is multifactorial, but largely begins with determining who meets diagnostic criteria for RPL as definitions vary and frequently change. Many patients seek obstetrical intervention after losses, even if they do not meet the criteria for RPL, and even those strictly meeting criteria often present a conundrum as to the etiology of their condition. The contribution of hereditary thrombophilia to RPL, the impact of each disorder on the clotting cascade, available evidence regarding pregnancy outcomes, and current recommendations for evaluation and treatment is presented.

Uterine didelphys and vaginal birth after cesarean delivery.

Background: Müllerian anomalies are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. We discuss pregnancy in anomalous uteri, with a focus on uterine didelphys, in the setting of a prior cesarean delivery.

Case(s): A 30-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1001, presented in latent labor at 40 1/7 weeks of gestation.

Intimate partner abuse before and during pregnancy as risk factors for postpartum mental health problems.

Background: Although research has established the profound effects that intimate partner abuse can have on postpartum mental health, little is known regarding how this association may change as a function of the timing and type of abuse. This study examined associations of psychological, physical and sexual abuse experienced as adults before and during pregnancy with symptoms of postpartum mental health problems in a non-clinical sample of women.

Methods: English-speaking mothers aged 18 years and older in the metropolitan area of a large, Western Canadian city were recruited to participate in a study of women's health after pregnancy.

Three-dimensional imaging provides valuable clinical data to aid in unilateral tissue expander-implant breast reconstruction.

The current approach to breast reconstruction remains largely subjective and is based on physical examination and visual-estimates of breast size. Thus, the overall success of breast reconstruction is limited by the inability of plastic surgeons to objectively assess breast volume and shape, which may result in suboptimal outcomes. A potential solution to this obstacle may be three-dimensional (3D) imaging, which can provide unique clinical data that was previously unattainable to plastic surgeons.

An innovative three-dimensional approach to defining the anatomical changes occurring after short scar-medial pedicle reduction mammaplasty.

Background: Three-dimensional photography of the breast offers new opportunities to advance the fields of aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery. The following study investigates the use of three-dimensional imaging to assess changes in breast surface anatomy, volume, tissue distribution, and projection following medial pedicle reduction mammaplasty.

Methods: Preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional scans were obtained from patients undergoing short-scar medial pedicle breast reduction.