Lower Pregnancy and Live Birth Rates with Vaginal Endometrin Plus Intramuscular Progesterone Every Third Day Versus Intramuscular Progesterone Alone in Programmed Frozen Embryo Transfers: A Retrospective Case-control Study.

This study aimed to determine whether the use of vaginal Endometrin plus intramuscular progesterone on every third day (VIM) in programmed frozen embryo transfer (FET) is associated with lower pregnancy and live birth rates compared to daily intramuscular progesterone (IM). FET data from a single program were collected between November 2018 and December 2021. A total of 903 FETs were analyzed, including 504 FETs in the IM group, and 399 FETs in the VIM group.

Association of the human semen DNA virome with successful in vitro fertilization.

Objective: To comprehensively characterize the DNA virome in semen samples collected for in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Design: A descriptive clinical study.

Setting: Single academic fertility center.

Dietary patterns are associated with improved ovarian reserve in overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study of the Lifestyle and Ovarian Reserve (LORe) cohort.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that adherence to certain dietary patterns is associated with improved fecundity and reproductive outcomes in the general population and infertile couples assisted reproductive treatments. The objective of this study was to assess if dietary patterns are associated with ovarian reserve in reproductive age women without a history of infertility.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 185 women in the Lifestyle and Ovarian Reserve (LORe) cohort.

Association of vaginal bacterial communities and reproductive outcomes with prophylactic antibiotic exposure in a subfertile population undergoing in vitro fertilization: a prospective exploratory study.

Objective: To determine whether prophylactic azithromycin is associated with the vaginal bacterial microbiome and clinical outcomes in subfertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Design: Prospective exploratory cohort study.

Setting: Single academic fertility center.

Self-Administered Questionnaire to Screen for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common yet underdiagnosed endocrinopathy with potentially serious sequelae. A screening questionnaire for PCOS can improve early identification and diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to test the utility of a self-administered questionnaire to help identify women at risk for PCOS.

Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and Socioeconomic Associations in a Midwestern Cohort of Healthy Reproductive-Age Women.

Objective: To characterize dietary patterns and physical activity in a diverse cohort of Midwestern reproductive-age women and to determine associations between these lifestyle factors, socioeconomic factors, and obesity.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 185 women completed validated food frequency and physical activity questionnaires. Dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis.

Correction to: Effect of endometrial mechanical stimulation in an unselected population undergoing in vitro fertilization: futility analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes. The complete list of corrections is given below.

Letrozole Compared With Clomiphene Citrate for Unexplained Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate the clinical effectiveness, as determined by positive pregnancy test, of letrozole compared with clomiphene citrate for ovarian stimulation in patients with unexplained infertility.

Data Sources: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from electronic databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and ClinicalTrials.gov.

Effect of endometrial mechanical stimulation in an unselected population undergoing in vitro fertilization: futility analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Implantation failure is a major limiting factor of successful in vitro fertilization (IVF). The objective of this study was to determine if endometrial mechanical stimulation (EMS) by endometrial biopsy in the luteal phase of the cycle prior to embryo transfer (ET) improves clinical outcomes in an unselected subfertile population.

Methods: Double-blind, randomized controlled trial of EMS versus sham biopsy and odds of clinical pregnancy after IVF and embryo transfer.

Ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration at time of laparotomy in a patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome.

Objective: To demonstrate a unique case of direct ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration at time of a laparotomy in a patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome.

Design: Video presentation.

Setting: Academic fertility center PATIENT(S): A 32-year-old gravida 0 with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome and bilateral ovarian masses presented as a fertility preservation consult from gynecologic oncology due to the possibility of bilateral oophorectomy.

The association between fatty acid index and in vitro fertilization outcomes.

Purpose: Fatty acids have been shown to play an important role in oocyte competence and early implantation of the embryo. Our hypothesis-generating study sought to determine if individual fatty acids expressed as a percentage of total erythrocyte fatty acids are associated with embryo quality and other in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study at an academic fertility center.

A History of Developments to Improve Fertilization.

Methods of fertilization (IVF) have advanced dramatically since the first IVF baby was born in 1978. Originally yielding single-digit success rates, IVF is now successful in nearly 50% of cases in which the woman is younger than 35 years. Here, we describe the improvements in laboratory techniques and advances in our abilities to manipulate reproductive physiology that have facilitated this improvement.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome management strategies: where are we going?

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most frequent, serious and potentially lethal iatrogenic complications of controlled ovarian stimulation. Despite extensive research, the exact pathogenesis of this syndrome remains less clear, but there appears to be a relationship of increased vascular permeability mediated by HCG and other downstream mediators. Adequate experience with ovulation induction therapy and identifying patients with known risk factors are essential in preventing OHSS.

Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device Placement in a Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patient with a Bicornuate Uterus.

Young women with breast cancer face contraceptive challenges. Data are limited and conflicting on the use of the levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) in this patient population. A 32-year-old nulligravid woman with a history of breast cancer on tamoxifen presented with new-onset vaginal bleeding.

Clinical significance of inadequate endometrial biopsies prior to hysterectomy.

Objective: To evaluate preoperative clinical risk factors associated with significant uterine histopathologic abnormalities in final hysterectomy specimens in patients with inadequate preoperative endometrial biopsies.

Study Design: This is an institutional review board-approved, retrospective cohort analysis of 469 consecutive patients who underwent preoperative endometrial biopsies with subsequent hysterectomy from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2009, at the University of Louisville Medical Center. We analyzed risk factors for inadequate biopsy and for final diagnosis of endometrial pathology (defined as endometrial hyperplasia or uterine cancer).