Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Keep It Up!, A Digital Health Intervention, in Community-Based Organizations.

Despite ongoing investments in the development and testing of new digital interventions for HIV prevention, the widespread use of interventions with proven effectiveness remains limited. This study assessed real-world implementation of a digital HIV prevention intervention, Keep It Up!. The study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing Keep It Up! within community-based organizations (CBOs) serving racially diverse sexual and gender minoritized populations.

The Association of Medical Cannabis Use with Pain Levels and Opioid Use in Illinois' Opioid Alternative Pilot Program.

Objective: The state of Illinois' Opioid Alternative Pilot Program (OAPP) is the first and only official harm-reduction program in the US to address the opioid crisis via facilitation of safe and legal access to medical cannabis. This study evaluates the association of medical cannabis use with pain level and frequency of opioid use in the first cohort of OAPP participants in 2019.

Methods: A survey was sent OAPP enrollees between February and July 2019.

A One-Arm Pilot Trial of a Telehealth CBT-Based Group Intervention Targeting Transdiagnostic Risk for Emotional Distress.

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on mental health, straining an already overburdened healthcare system. A modular, transdiagnostic approach to treating psychopathology may be ideal to target common transdiagnostic risk factors for emotional distress and related disorders likely to be impacted by circumstances related to this once-in-a-lifetime environmental stressor. Anxiety sensitivity (AS), or fear of anxious arousal, intolerance of uncertainty (IU), or distress when confronted with uncertainty, and loneliness are three transdiagnostic risk factors impacted by the pandemic and robust predictors of emotional distress beyond that.

Possible unintended consequences of pediatric clinician strategies for communicating about social-emotional and developmental concerns in diverse young children.

Introduction: Screening to promote social-emotional well-being in toddlers has positive effects on long-term health and functioning. Communication about social-emotional well-being can be challenging for primary care clinicians for various reasons including lack of time, training and expertise, resource constraints, and cognitive burden. Therefore, we explored clinicians' perspectives on identifying and communicating with caregivers about social-emotional risk in toddlers.

"Our Job is to be so Temporary": Designing Digital Tools that Meet the Needs of Care Managers and their Patients with Mental Health Concerns.

Digital tools have potential to support collaborative management of mental health conditions, but we need to better understand how to integrate them in routine healthcare, particularly for patients with both physical and mental health needs. We therefore conducted interviews and design workshops with 1) a group of care managers who support patients with complex health needs, and 2) their patients whose health needs include mental health concerns. We investigate both groups' views of potential applications of digital tools within care management.

Medical Cannabis and Its Efficacy/Effectiveness for the Treatment of Low-Back Pain: a Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: This systematic review aims to inform the current state of evidence about the efficacy and effectiveness of medical cannabis use for the treatment of LBP, specifically on pain levels and overall opioid use for LBP. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and CINAHL. The search was limited to the past 10 years (2011-2021).

From formative design to service-ready therapeutic: A pragmatic approach to designing digital mental health interventions across domains.

As digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) proliferate, there is a growing need to understand the complexities of moving these tools from concept and design to service-ready products. We highlight five case studies from a center that specializes in the design and evaluation of digital mental health interventions to illustrate pragmatic approaches to the development of digital mental health interventions, and to make transparent some of the key decision points researchers encounter along the design-to-product pipeline. Case studies cover different key points in the design process and focus on partnership building, understanding the problem or opportunity, prototyping the product or service, and testing the product or service.

"The library is so much more than books": considerations for the design and implementation of teen digital mental health services in public libraries.

Background: Adolescence is a vulnerable developmental period, characterized by high rates of mental health concerns, yet few adolescents receive treatment. Public libraries support adolescents by providing them with access to teen programming, technological resources, and have recently been providing mental health services. Digital mental health (DMH) services may help libraries provide scalable mental health solutions for their adolescent patrons and could be well positioned to address the mental health needs of historically underrepresented racial and ethnic (HURE) adolescents; however, little research has been conducted on the compatibility of DMH services with adolescent patron mental health needs or resource needs of library workers supporting them.

A stakeholder-driven method for selecting implementation strategies: a case example of pediatric hypertension clinical practice guideline implementation.

Background: This article provides a generalizable method, rooted in co-design and stakeholder engagement, to identify, specify, and prioritize implementation strategies. To illustrate this method, we present a case example focused on identifying strategies to promote pediatric hypertension (pHTN) Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) implementation in community health center-based primary care practices that involved meaningful engagement of pediatric clinicians, clinic staff, and patients/caregivers. This example was chosen based on the difficulty clinicians and organizations experience in implementing the pHTN CPG, as evidenced by low rates of guideline-adherent pHTN diagnosis and treatment.

A psychometric evaluation of the Marijuana Problems Index among college students: Confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance by gender.

Although the Marijuana Problems Index (MPI) is widely used in studies with college student samples to reflect a unidimensional measure of cannabis-related problems, no studies have assessed the psychometric properties of the MPI in a college student population. The present study sought to resolve this gap in a sample of 879 college students reporting past-year cannabis use. Confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the factor structure of the unidimensional 23- and 18-item MPI and measurement invariance across gender.

Attentional Control Moderates the Relations between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Symptoms.

Background: Intolerance of uncertainty (IU), perceived attentional control (AC), and poor cognitive control abilities are risk factors for anxiety; however, few studies have examined their interactive effects in relation to anxiety. A more complete understanding of interplay between IU, perceived AC, and cognitive control could inform intervention efforts.

Methods: The current study examined the direct and interactive effects of IU and AC on anxiety in a sample of 280 community outpatients ( age = 36.

Integration of Digital Tools Into Community Mental Health Care Settings That Serve Young People: Focus Group Study.

Background: Digital mental health tools have substantial potential to be easily integrated into people's lives and fundamentally impact public health. Such tools can extend the reach and maximize the impact of mental health interventions. Before implementing digital tools in new settings, it is critical to understand what is important to organizations and individuals who will implement and use these tools.

Interventions for cannabis use disorder.

How to treat adults and adolescents with a Cannabis Use Disorder is a burgeoning research area. This article reviews the empirical literature pertaining to several psychosocial approaches (cognitive-behavior therapy, motivational enhancement, and contingency management), all of which are associated with favorable outcomes. We also review the emerging research on the use of pharmacotherapy, brief interventions and technology-delivered interventions, and conclude with an overview of future research needs.

An Exploratory Brief Head-To-Head Non-Inferiority Comparison of an Internet-Based and a Telephone-Delivered CBT Intervention for Adults with Depression.

Background: Telephone-administered psychotherapy (tCBT) and internet-based treatments (iCBT) may overcome barriers to mental health treatment. TCBT has demonstrated efficacy similar to traditional psychotherapy, however, few studies have compared iCBT to efficacious interventions. This exploratory study examined the noninferiority of iCBT relative to tCBT.

Effects of anxiety sensitivity on cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine use among adolescents: evaluating pathways through anxiety, withdrawal symptoms, and coping motives.

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is a promising intervention target due to its relevance to negative health behaviors broadly, and substance use specifically. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the direct and indirect pathways through which elevated AS could relate to recent substance use among a national adolescent sample recruited via social-media. As predicted, AS was indirectly associated with greater likelihood of using alcohol, cigarettes, and electronic nicotine delivery systems in the past-month through anxiety symptoms.

Optimizing the implementation of a population panel management intervention in safety-net clinics for pediatric hypertension (The OpTIMISe-Pediatric Hypertension Study).

Background: Though clinical practice guidelines are available, the diagnosis of pediatric hypertension (HTN) is often missed. Management may not follow guidelines due to the measurement challenges in children, complexity of interpreting youth blood pressure standards that are dependent on height, age, and sex, familiarity with diagnostic criteria, and variable comfort with management of pediatric HTN among providers. Evidence suggests that wide adoption and adherence to pediatric HTN guidelines would result in lower cardiovascular disease and kidney damage in adulthood.

The Society for Prevention Research 20 Years Later: a Summary of Training Needs.

The Society for Prevention Research (SPR) aims to continually provide relevant professional development training opportunities to advance scientific investigation of ways to improve the health, well-being, and social and educational outcomes of individuals and communities. Our study, led by the Training Needs Assessment Task Force, designed a quantitative questionnaire informed by semistructured, qualitative interviews of 13 key prevention science informants. The questionnaire was deployed to all SPR members, of which 347 completed it.

Workshop on the Development and Evaluation of Digital Therapeutics for Health Behavior Change: Science, Methods, and Projects.

The health care field has integrated advances into digital technology at an accelerating pace to improve health behavior, health care delivery, and cost-effectiveness of care. The realm of behavioral science has embraced this evolution of digital health, allowing for an exciting roadmap for advancing care by addressing the many challenges to the field via technological innovations. Digital therapeutics offer the potential to extend the reach of effective interventions at reduced cost and patient burden and to increase the potency of existing interventions.

Test of an Anxiety Sensitivity Amelioration Program for at-risk youth (ASAP-Y).

Objective: Adult research supports the efficacy of targeting the malleable risk factor of anxiety sensitivity (AS) in preventing anxiety and related psychopathology. However, very little work has evaluated the impact of AS reduction among youth, which is unfortunate given adolescence is a "core risk" period in terms of disorder onset.

Method: The primary project aim was to test the effects of an Anxiety Sensitivity Amelioration Program for Youth (ASAP-Y) among a sample of 88 youth aged 10-14 years with elevated AS.

Greater delay discounting and cannabis coping motives are associated with more frequent cannabis use in a large sample of adult cannabis users.

Background: Self-regulation deficits expressed through a decreased ability to value future rewards (delay discounting (DD)) and impaired emotion regulation (negative urgency (NU), cannabis coping motives (CCM), and anxiety sensitivity (AS)) relate to more frequent or problematic cannabis use. However, there is a need to better understand how self-regulation and emotion regulation constructs reflect competition between deliberative and reactive systems that drive individual differences in cannabis use patterns. Further, few studies assess frequency of cannabis use within and across days of use, which may obscure differentiation of individual differences.

Clinically Meaningful Use of Mental Health Apps and its Effects on Depression: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: User engagement is key to the effectiveness of digital mental health interventions. Considerable research has examined the clinical outcomes of overall engagement with mental health apps (eg, frequency and duration of app use). However, few studies have examined how specific app use behaviors can drive change in outcomes.

Stepping Up: Predictors of 'Stepping' within an iCBT Stepped-Care Intervention for Depression.

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) may overcome barriers to mental health care and has proven efficacious. However, this approach currently exists outside the existing mental health care delivery system. Stepped care is a proposed framework for integrating digital mental health (DMH) into health systems by initiating iCBT and "stepping up" care to a more intensive intervention should iCBT prove ineffective.

"I think people are powerful": The Sociality of Individuals Managing Depression.

Millions of Americans struggle with depression, a condition characterized by feelings of sadness and motivation loss. To understand how individuals managing depression conceptualize their self-management activities, we conducted visual elicitations and semi-structured interviews with 30 participants managing depression in a large city in the U.S.

Opportunities for and Tensions Surrounding the Use of Technology-Enabled Mental Health Services in Community Mental Health Care.

Technology-enabled mental health services have the potential to expand the reach of care and reduce clinician demand. While the efficacy of technology-enabled mental health services is well established, there have been few successful implementations of such services into community care settings. Using mixed methods, 89 clinicians and supervisors at a mental health service organization shared attitudes toward and interest in using a variety of technologies in their work.