Understanding the Cardiovascular Fallout of E-cigarettes: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

E-cigarettes (ECs) deliver chemicals, including nicotine. They can cause respiratory distress, addiction, cardiovascular effects, and death. More research is needed, especially regarding their impact on the cardiovascular system (CVS) and during pregnancy.

are key players in microbiome assembly of the diatom .

Unlabelled: The complex interactions between bacterioplankton and phytoplankton have prompted numerous studies that investigate phytoplankton microbiomes with the aim of characterizing beneficial or opportunistic taxa and elucidating core bacterial members. Oftentimes, this knowledge is garnered through 16S rRNA gene profiling of microbiomes from phytoplankton isolated across spatial and temporal scales, yet these studies do not offer insight into microbiome assembly and structuring. In this study, we aimed to identify taxa central to structuring and establishing the microbiome of the ubiquitous diatom .

Molecular mechanisms of microbiome modulation by the eukaryotic secondary metabolite azelaic acid.

Photosynthetic eukaryotes, such as microalgae and plants, foster fundamentally important relationships with their microbiome based on the reciprocal exchange of chemical currencies. Among these, the dicarboxylate metabolite azelaic acid (Aze) appears to play an important, but heterogeneous, role in modulating these microbiomes, as it is used as a carbon source for some heterotrophs but is toxic to others. However, the ability of Aze to promote or inhibit growth, as well as its uptake and assimilation mechanisms into bacterial cells are mostly unknown.

Tight Adherence (Tad) Pilus Genes Indicate Putative Niche Differentiation in Phytoplankton Bloom Associated .

The multiple interactions of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton are central for our understanding of aquatic environments. A prominent example of those is the consistent association of diatoms with of the order . These photoheterotrophic bacteria have traditionally been described as generalists that scavenge dissolved organic matter.

Diatom modulation of select bacteria through use of two unique secondary metabolites.

Unicellular eukaryotic phytoplankton, such as diatoms, rely on microbial communities for survival despite lacking specialized compartments to house microbiomes (e.g., animal gut).

Quorum sensing regulates 'swim-or-stick' lifestyle in the phycosphere.

Interactions between phytoplankton and bacteria play major roles in global biogeochemical cycles and oceanic nutrient fluxes. These interactions occur in the microenvironment surrounding phytoplankton cells, known as the phycosphere. Bacteria in the phycosphere use either chemotaxis or attachment to benefit from algal excretions.