A Low-Intensity Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Parameter Exploration Study of the Ventral Capsule/Ventral Striatum.

Objectives: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS) is effective for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); however, DBS is associated with neurosurgical risks. Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a newer form of noninvasive (ie, nonsurgical) stimulation that can modulate deeper regions, such as the VC/VS. tFUS parameters have just begun to be studied and have often not been compared in the same participants.

Transcranial focused ultrasound of the amygdala modulates fear network activation and connectivity.

Background: Current noninvasive brain stimulation methods are incapable of directly modulating subcortical brain regions critically involved in psychiatric disorders. Transcranial Focused Ultrasound (tFUS) is a newer form of noninvasive stimulation that could modulate the amygdala, a subcortical region implicated in fear.

Objective: We investigated the effects of active and sham tFUS of the amygdala on fear circuit activation, skin conductance responses (SCR), and self-reported anxiety during a fear-inducing task.

Loss of functional reduces robustness of 24-hour behavioral rhythms in monarch butterflies.

Light is one of the strongest cues for entrainment of circadian clocks. While some insect species rely only on visual input, others like use both the visual system and the deep-brain blue-light photoreceptor cryptochrome for entraining circadian rhythms. Here, we used the monarch butterfly (), which possesses a light-sensitive (), to test the conservation of mechanisms of clock entrainment.

Behavioral screening of conserved RNA-binding proteins reveals CEY-1/YBX RNA-binding protein dysfunction leads to impairments in memory and cognition.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate translation and plasticity which are required for memory. RBP dysfunction has been linked to a range of neurological disorders where cognitive impairments are a key symptom. However, of the 2,000 RBPs in the human genome, many are uncharacterized with regards to neurological phenotypes.

Neuroticism modulates the qualitative effects of inferior parietal tDCS on negatively-valenced memories.

For individuals with increased levels of neuroticism, experiencing criticism or receiving negative feedback has been associated with worse psychological and cognitive outcomes. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can change cognitive processes in clinical populations. We bilaterally stimulated the posterior inferior parietal lobule (pIPL), a critical superficial node of the default model network.

Cryptochrome 1 mediates light-dependent inclination magnetosensing in monarch butterflies.

Many animals use the Earth's geomagnetic field for orientation and navigation. Yet, the molecular and cellular underpinnings of the magnetic sense remain largely unknown. A biophysical model proposed that magnetoreception can be achieved through quantum effects of magnetically-sensitive radical pairs formed by the photoexcitation of cryptochrome (CRY) proteins.

Utility of the D-KEFS color word interference test as an embedded measure of performance validity after traumatic brain injury.

We sought to determine the accuracy of embedded performance measures for the D-KEFS Color Word Interference Test that were recently proposed by Eglit et al. In particular, we wanted to determine if these indices would be associated with a specificity of at least .90, an Area Under the Curve of at least .

Photoperiodic and clock regulation of the vitamin A pathway in the brain mediates seasonal responsiveness in the monarch butterfly.

Seasonal adaptation to changes in light:dark regimes (i.e., photoperiod) allows organisms living at temperate latitudes to anticipate environmental changes.

Complete Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas Phage Pokken.

is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with multidrug-resistant nosocomial infections, a problem for immunocompromised patients and those with cystic fibrosis. Here, we present the new -infecting podophage Pokken. Its 76,239-bp genome, with 92 protein-coding genes and 5 tRNA genes predicted, is similar to that of phage N4.

Whole Genome Resequencing of Arkansas Progressor and Regressor Line Chickens to Identify SNPs Associated with Tumor Regression.

Arkansas Regressor (AR) chickens, unlike Arkansas Progressor (AP) chickens, regress tumors induced by the oncogene. To better understand the genetic factors responsible for this tumor regression property, whole genome resequencing was conducted using Illumina Hi-Seq 2 × 100 bp paired-end read method (San Diego, CA, USA) with AR (confirmed tumor regression property) and AP chickens. Sequence reads were aligned to the chicken reference genome (galgal5) and produced coverage of 11× and 14× in AR and AP, respectively.

Enteral Feeding Set Handling Techniques: A Comparison of Bacterial Growth, Nursing Time, Labor, and Material Costs.

Background: Enteral nutrition therapy is common practice in pediatric clinical settings. Often patients will receive a pump-assisted bolus feeding over 30 minutes several times per day using the same enteral feeding set (EFS). This study aims to determine the safest and most efficacious way to handle the EFS between feedings.

Enteral Feeding Set Handling Techniques.

Background: Enteral nutrition therapy is common practice in pediatric clinical settings. Often patients will receive a pump-assisted bolus feeding over 30 minutes several times per day using the same enteral feeding set (EFS). This study aims to determine the safest and most efficacious way to handle the EFS between feedings.

Response pattern asymmetry of binocular vision vertical fusion amplitudes in a normal population.

Purpose: To compare the maximum vertical fusion amplitudes in vertical directions (response pattern by respective higher eye), to investigate for possible asymmetry.

Methods: Vertical fusion amplitude (VFA) was measured in one hundred normal adults with normal single binocular vision using a computer based device that produced a gradually increasing, but optically distant test distance, Vertical fusion amplitudes in the vertical left- over-right (L/R, elevation of the left eye above the right eye) pattern direction were compared to the vertical fusion amplitudes in the vertical right-over-left direction pattern(R/L).

Results: The mean VFA was 4.

Management of orbital xanthogranuloma with methotrexate.

Background/aims: To evaluate the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) treatment for the periorbital findings in adult-onset xanthogranuloma (AOX).

Methods: The medical records of three patients with AOX, with and without asthma, who were treated with MTX at Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA were examined. Diagnosis of AOX was made by biopsy in all patients.