Permanent contraception in the childfree population: An exploratory study.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the childfree population seeking permanent contraception, identify barriers to receiving care, and characterize the incidence of regret.

Study Design: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of people in the United States, aged 18 years and older, without biological children, and who are seeking or have previously sought a permanent contraception procedure. Participants completed an online REDCap survey distributed over social media platforms, including Reddit, TikTok, and Facebook.

Unilateral Periorbital Swelling in a Pediatric Patient.

Infratemporal fossa (ITF) tumors are rare in children and may present with a variety of symptoms. Teratomas are neoplasms derived from the 3 germ layers and approximately 6% to 10% are within the head and neck. Our study discusses one of the first reported cases of teratoma in the ITF in a pediatric patient.

The Effects of Delayed Cord Clamping on 12-Month Brain Myelin Content and Neurodevelopment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to determine if delayed cord clamping (DCC) affected brain myelin water volume fraction (VFm) and neurodevelopment in term infants.

Study Design: This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial of healthy pregnant women with term singleton fetuses randomized at birth to either immediate cord clamping (ICC) (≤ 20 seconds) or DCC (≥ 5 minutes). Follow-up at 12 months of age consisted of blood work for serum iron indices and lead levels, a nonsedated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed within the week by neurodevelopmental testing.

Effects of Placental Transfusion on Neonatal and 18 Month Outcomes in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) vs immediate cord clamping (ICC) on intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), late onset sepsis (LOS), and 18-month motor outcomes in preterm infants.

Study Design: Women (n = 208) in labor with singleton fetuses (<32 weeks gestation) were randomized to either DCC (30-45 seconds) or ICC (<10 seconds). The primary outcomes were IVH, LOS, and motor outcomes at 18-22 months corrected age.

Utilizing Focus Groups with Potential Participants and Their Parents: An Approach to Inform Study Design in a Large Clinical Trial.

Background: In the recent literature, there has been some evidence that exposure of children to anesthetic procedures during the first two years of life may impair cognitive function and learning in later life. We planned a clinical study to quantify this risk, a study involving testing 1,000 children for neurodevelopmental deficits. As a part of this planning, we conducted focus groups involving potential participants and their parents to elicit information regarding three issues: communications with the community and potential participants, recruitment and consent processes, and the return of neurodevelopmental testing results.

Brain activity during anticipation of smoking-related and emotionally positive pictures in smokers and nonsmokers: a new measure of cue reactivity.

Previous studies have shown that a brain wave pattern known as stimulus preceding negativity (SPN) can index the anticipation of motivationally relevant events. The present study was the first to use SPN as an index of the motivational significance of smoking-related pictures. Emotionally positive and neutral pictures served as controls.