Integration of AI-Generated Images in Clinical Otolaryngology.

Recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled remarkable capabilities in generating images, audio, and videos from textual descriptions. Tools like and can produce striking visualizations from simple prompts, while services like and can generate short video clips. These technologies offer intriguing possibilities for clinical and educational applications in otolaryngology.

Geniculate ganglion diverticulum: a potential imaging marker in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Purpose: The diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is often challenging in patients who do not present with classic symptoms. Brain MRI can play a pivotal role, as several imaging findings, such as an empty sella appearance (ESA), have been shown to be associated with IIH. Yet, none of the MRI signs have been shown to have a high sensitivity and specificity.

Adverse events associated with Vibrant Soundbridge: A MAUDE study.

Objective: To summarize adverse events and their root causes reported to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) hearing device (Med-El, Innsbruck, Austria), an active middle ear implant for patients with moderate to severe hearing loss.

Materials And Methods: The FDA's Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database was queried for reports of VSB adverse events from January 1, 2012, to July 27, 2022.

Results: Six hundred sixty-three total medical device reports were identified, from which 913 adverse events were extracted.

Four distinct ipsilateral vestibular schwannomas: A case of mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis.

Objectives: Distinguishing between sporadic and germline/mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis is important to ensure that patients have appropriate long-term care. With this report, we describe a unique case of a patient with 4 ipsilateral schwannomas and identify a combination of sequencing modalities that can accurately diagnose mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis.

Methods: We present a 32-year-old woman with a familial history of vestibular schwannoma in her father and right-sided schwannomas involving the apical and basal turns of cochlea, lateral semicircular canal, and internal auditory canal (IAC).

Content Validity of a High-Fidelity Surgical Middle Ear Simulator: A Randomized Prospective International Multicenter Trial.

Objective: After demonstration of face validity of a surgical middle ear simulator (SMS) previously, we assessed the content validity of the simulator with otolaryngology residents.

Study Design: Multicenter randomized prospective international study.

Setting: Four academic institutions.

Impact of Cochlear Dose on Hearing Preservation Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Treatment of Vestibular Schwannomas: A Multi-Center Study.

Objective: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a well-established treatment for vestibular schwannomas (VS). Hearing loss remains a main morbidity of VS and its treatments, including SRS. The effects of radiation parameters of SRS on hearing remain unknown.

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Comprehensive Overview.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), also called pseudotumor cerebri syndrome, is a disorder defined as elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) of unknown cause. It is a diagnosis of exclusion in most cases, and all other forms of elevated ICP must be ruled out. With its increasing prevalence, it is much more likely for physicians, otolaryngologists included, to encounter this condition.

Malignant Pineal Parenchymal Tumors in Adults: A National Cancer Database Analysis.

Background: Limited retrospective data exist on malignant pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) in adults, and there are no large previous studies that review clinical outcomes across the 3 treatment arms of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. As a result, optimal disease management has yet to be defined.

Objective: To evaluate treatment trends and perform survival analysis in adult PPT.

Adverse Events Associated With Ossicular Prostheses: Utility of a Federal Database.

Objectives: Ossicular prostheses have demonstrated utility in ossicular chain reconstruction, but their use also is associated with complications. This study aims to explore the utility of the U.S.

Impact of COVID-19 on Otolaryngology Literature.

Objectives/hypothesis: To understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volume, quality, and impact of otolaryngology publications.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis.

Methods: Fifteen of the top peer-reviewed otolaryngology journals were queried on PubMed for COVID and non-COVID-related articles from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 (pandemic period) and pre-COVID articles from the year prior.

Vestibular Migraine and Its Comorbidities.

Vestibular migraine (VM) is one of the most common neurologic causes of vertigo. Symptoms and International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria are used to diagnose VM because no objective tests, imaging or audiologic, have been shown to reliably diagnose this condition. Central auditory, peripheral, and central vestibular pathway involvement has been associated with VM.

Head and neck osteosarcomas: Analysis of treatment trends and survival outcomes in the United States (2004-2016).

Background: Head and neck osteosarcoma (HNOS) is a rare primary bone tumor with limited data to guide treatment approaches.

Methods: The NCDB was used to identify patients diagnosed with HNOS. Kaplan-Meier and Cox multivariate regression were used to examine the impact of each treatment on overall survival (OS).

Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Tinnitus Characteristics in Patients With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Objectives: To characterize patterns of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and tinnitus in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

High-Fidelity Surgical Middle Ear Simulator: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: To assess a middle ear simulator as a surgical training tool among a cohort of novice trainees.

Study Design: Prospective pilot study.

Setting: The George Washington University Hospital (tertiary care academic hospital).

Biologics in Otolaryngology: Past, Present, and Future.

Biologics have been widely adopted in multiple subspecialties of otolaryngology. This article provides an overview of past, present, and future uses of biologics in otolaryngology with emphasis on allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, salivary and skull base tumors, hearing loss, and other otologic disorders.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss Caused by Labyrinthine Erosion Due to a Cerebrospinal Fluid Diverticulum.

Objective: To present a case of progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) caused by labyrinthine erosion secondary to expanding geniculate ganglion cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diverticulum extending along the path of the facial nerve.

Patient: Thirteen-year-old man with no past medical history or risk factors presented with unilateral progressive SNHL and no other otologic or neurologic symptoms.

Interventions: Audiological data as well as imaging studies including a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and internal auditory canal and a temporal bone computed tomography (CT) are presented.

Prevalence of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Meta-analysis.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) attributable to Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) in the global pediatric population and to identify factors contributing to its severity.

Study Design: Meta-analysis.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search for scientific articles in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library that reported the incidence of hearing loss in populations under 18 years of age with excluding studies analyzing patients on iron chelation therapy, adults, or those without objective audiological analysis.

Pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma: An analysis of treatment and survival in the United States (1975-2016).

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue head and neck sarcoma in children. Stringent analysis of survival data is imperative to optimize treatment.

Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB, 2004-2016) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER, 1975-2016) were queried for patients ages 0-19 with RMS of the head and neck.

A Case of Incus Necrosis Following Oral and Intratympanic Steroid Administration for Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Objective: Intratympanic (IT) steroid injections are often used for the treatment of inner ear pathologies, including sudden sensorineural hearing loss. IT steroids are also commonly used in conjunction with or in case of systemic steroid therapy failure. They are viable options for patients who cannot endure side effects or are at high risk of complications from systemic therapy.

Characterization of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adult Patients With Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives And Main Outcome Measures: To determine the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) attributable to sickle cell disease (SCD) in the global adult population and to identify factors contributing to its severity.

Study Design: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search for scientific articles in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library that reported the incidence of hearing loss in populations over 18 years of age with SCD.

Clinical Practice Guideline: Ménière's Disease Executive Summary.

Objective: Ménière's disease (MD) is a clinical condition defined by spontaneous vertigo attacks (each lasting 20 minutes to 12 hours) with documented low- to midfrequency sensorineural hearing loss in the affected ear before, during, or after one of the episodes of vertigo. It also presents with fluctuating aural symptoms (hearing loss, tinnitus, or ear fullness) in the affected ear. The underlying etiology of MD is not completely clear, yet it has been associated with inner ear fluid volume increases, culminating in episodic ear symptoms (vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness).

Clinical Practice Guideline: Ménière's Disease.

Objective: Ménière's disease (MD) is a clinical condition defined by spontaneous vertigo attacks (each lasting 20 minutes to 12 hours) with documented low- to midfrequency sensorineural hearing loss in the affected ear before, during, or after one of the episodes of vertigo. It also presents with fluctuating aural symptoms (hearing loss, tinnitus, or ear fullness) in the affected ear. The underlying etiology of MD is not completely clear, yet it has been associated with inner ear fluid (endolymph) volume increases, culminating in episodic ear symptoms (vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness).

Hold the Salt: History of Salt Restriction as a First-line Therapy for Menière's Disease.

Objectives: To determine the historical origins of the usage of the salt restriction diet as an intervention for Menière's disease (MD).

Methods: Articles on MD and salt restriction were identified using Pubmed and Google scholar. Original manuscripts from 19th and 20th century as well as selected otological textbooks in English, German, and French were also reviewed.