Unraveling the cognitive implications among individuals with co-occurring chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with cognitive decline when examined individually. To gain deeper insight into the combined effects of these conditions on cognitive decline, the present study aimed to examine the cognitive status of individuals with co-occurring T2DM and chronic periodontitis.

Methods: We recruited 220 participants categorized into four groups: Group I, healthy subjects; Group II, individuals with chronic periodontitis; Group III, individuals with T2DM; and Group IV, individuals with both T2DM and chronic periodontitis.

Attitudes toward and knowledge of collaboration of dental and medical practice among medical students in Southern India: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

Background: Enhancing oral health care services provided through inter-professional collaboration between medical and dental practitioner is important, and even essential. The purpose of this study is to assess the attitude toward and knowledge of medical-dental collaborative practice among medical students attending colleges in Southern India.

Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among medical students and interns of medical colleges in coastal South India with prior information and permission.

Metabolomics: Paving the path for personalized periodontics - A literature review.

The pathogenesis of periodontal disease is governed by a multitude of factors ranging from the macroscopic to the microscopic scale. Among the factors that constitute the etiological agents of the disease, a major element is the role played by the body's metabolome-i.e.

Evaluation of papilla levels following three different techniques for the second stage of implants - A clinical and radiographic study.

Objective: Papilla formation after placement of an implant is influenced by the underlying bone and the periodontal biotype. The second-stage surgery to uncover the implants may have an effect on the regeneration of papilla and various techniques such as the scalpel, diode laser, and punch technique are used. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate papillary fill levels following three different techniques of second-stage implant surgery.

Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for dementia; it also shares a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis. It is hypothesized that the increased severity of periodontitis is associated with cognitive decline in patients having uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. An added risk for future development as well as progression of dementia may be prophesied in such a scenario.

Knowledge, attitude and oral care practices for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia among critical care nurses - A questionnaire study.

Background: A cross-sectional study was conducted among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in private hospitals in India to identify knowledge and practice of ICU nurses in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods: Knowledge of 135 nurses working in ICU was tested using a questionnaire consisting of 18 questions. Fourteen forms were excluded from the statistical analysis due to incomplete data entry by the participants.

Candidal carriage in saliva and subgingival plaque among smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis-a cross-sectional study.

Background And Objectives: Studies of gum or periodontal disease have focused mainly on bacterial pathogens. However, information related to fungal species in the saliva and subgingival mileu is particularly lacking in smokers with periodontitis. This cross-sectional study compared the prevalence of various species in saliva and subgingival plaque samples of smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease.

Periodontal disease and hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: Is there a nexus?

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an erythrocyte enzyme defect that amplifies the susceptibility of erythrocytes to oxidative stress due to excessive levels of reactive oxygen species. Consequently, erythrocyte destruction and hemolysis occur.

Highlight: The possible mechanism of oxidative stress-mediated destruction of erythrocytes in G6PD deficient individuals induced by periodontal infection is highlighted.

Bidirectionally positioned flap technique for molar class II furcation defect- 1 year follow up.

In the treatment of Class II furcation defects, guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in combination with bone grafts has provided better treatment outcomes in comparison to GTR alone. A 48-year-old male patient reported with a chief complaint of pain and bleeding in the right lower back teeth area from 3 months. On clinical and radiographic evaluation, a Class II buccal furcation defect was detected in tooth #46.

Towards a Common Etiopathogenesis: Periodontal Disease and Endometriosis.

Context: Periodontal disease and endometriosis are seen to share a common pathogenesis. There is only one report suggesting the possible association between the two conditions.

Aims: To study the association between endometriosis and periodontal disease.

Comparison of minimally invasive coronally advanced flap and modified coronally advanced flap for the management of multiple adjacent gingival recession defects: A split mouth randomized control trial.

Introduction: Various minimally invasive surgical approaches are proposed for the management of gingival recession. A modified surgical approach coined as minimally invasive coronally advanced flap (MICAF) was compared with modified coronally advanced flap (MCAF) for the management of multiple adjacent gingival recession defects.

Materials And Methods: Seven systemically healthy subjects with bilateral multiple adjacent maxillary facial gingival recession defects (Miller I) were included in this study.

A perspective on NETosis in diabetes and periodontal diseases.

Neutrophil-mediated immunity is the first host defense response against any infection. Crevicular efflux of neutrophils against bacteria is considered to be a novel defense mechanism in periodontal diseases. As a part of defense mechanism, neutrophils extrude its content and exhibit its antimicrobial activity by forming a web-like structure called neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) and undergo a process of cell death called NETosis.

Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Bioactive Ceramic Composite Granules Alone and in Combination with Platelet Rich Fibrin in the Treatment of Mandibular Class II Furcation Defects: A Clinical and Radiographic Study.

Introduction: Predictable closure of furcation defects with bone grafts, Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) and a combination of the two has remained an elusive goal so far. Hence, evaluation of biomimetic agents as candidate technologies for periodontal regeneration merit due consideration. In this study, Choukroun's Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF), a second generation platelet concentrate, is combined with bone graft to examine if the addition enhances the therapeutic potential of bone graft in the management of Class II furcation defects.

Parkinson's disease and periodontitis - the missing link? A review.

Objective: In this article an attempt has been made to postulate a possible link between Parkinson's disease and periodontal disease.

Background: Various systemic diseases such as cardiac disease, diabetes, renal diseases, low birth weight and Alzheimer's disease have been proposed to be linked with periodontal disease on the basis of systemic inflammation. Parkinson's disease is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder with multifactorial aetiology.

A Clinical Evaluation of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Alloplast with and without a Flowable Bioabsorbable Guided Tissue Regeneration Barrier in the Treatment of Mandibular Molar Class II Furcation Defects.

Background: Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) therapy has shown good results in the management of mandibular molar class II furcation defects. Advances in biomaterial sciences have developed alloplastic bone replacement graft materials and bioabsorbable GTR barrier membranes with good biologic response and handling properties. The aim of this study was to compare the attachment gain and the bone fill obtained with an alloplast [biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) 60% hydroxyapatite (HA) and 40% beta tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP)] with and without a bioabsorbable GTR barrier [flowable poly (DL-lactide) (PLA) dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)] in the treatment of mandibular molar class II furcation defects.

Oral Carriage and Morphotype Differentiation in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Diabetes in the Indian Sub-Continent.

The aim of this study was to assess the oral carriage and morphotype differentiation of species in chronic periodontitis patients, with and without diabetes mellitus. This cross sectional study included 30 subjects in the age range of 40-60 years, who were divided into two groups: 15 chronic periodontitis only (CP) patients, and 15 chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes (CPD). Clinical measurements included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and fasting blood sugar level (FBS).

Levels of Myeloperoxidase and Alkaline Phosphatase in Periimplant Sulcus Fluid in Health and Disease and After Nonsurgical Therapy.

Purpose: The study evaluated 2 biomarkers (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and alkaline phosphatase) along with clinical parameters in periimplant sulcus fluid (PISF) in conditions of periimplant health and disease. The effect of nonsurgical therapy was also evaluated on the biochemical and clinical parameters in diseased implants at 3 months after the baseline.

Materials And Methods: A total number of 30 implants were studied in 20 subjects and divided into healthy group (group 1) and periimplant disease group (group 2).

Semilunar Coronally Advanced Flap with or without Low Level Laser Therapy in Treatment of Human Maxillary Multiple Adjacent Facial Gingival Recessions: A Clinical Study.

Purpose: Semilunar coronally advanced flap (SCAF) and its modifications or adjuncts have been proposed in the literature for root coverage. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been shown to enhance wound healing. The aim of this split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial was to assess the effects of LLLT application with respect to root coverage after SCAF procedure for the treatment of human maxillary multiple adjacent facial gingival recessions.

Redefining the role of dendritic cells in periodontics.

A properly functioning adaptive immune system signifies the best features of life. It is diverse beyond compare, tolerant without fail, and capable of behaving appropriately with a myriad of infections and other challenges. Dendritic cells (DCs) are required to explain how this remarkable system is energized and directed.

Evaluation of cortisol levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva in anxious and non-anxious patients with chronic periodontitis.

Background: To evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and salivary cortisol levels in anxious and non-anxious patients with chronic periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 45 patients with a mean age 43.4 ± 6.

Black triangle dilemma and its management in esthetic dentistry.

In recent years, clinician and dentist's esthetic demand in dentistry have increased rapidly, driven by an enhanced awareness of beauty and esthetics. The ultimate goal in modern restorative dentistry is to achieve "white" and "pink" esthetics in esthetically important zones. "White esthetics" is the natural dentition or the restoration of dental hard tissues with suitable materials.

Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft combined with bioresorbable collagen membrane in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcome of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NcHA) bonegraft (Sybograf(®)) in combination with collagen membrane (PerioCol(®)) compared with open flap debridement (OFD) only in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen intrabony defects in 16 systemically healthy patients aged between 25-65 years, were randomly assigned to test and control groups. The Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession were recorded at baseline, and were reevaluated at 6 months.

Periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease: oral systemic link still on the rise?

Over the past few years, there has been a rapid rise in the older segments of the world population, which has brought along with it a major health concern: dementia. Alzheimer's disease, considered to be the most common cause of dementia, has become a prospect feared by the elderly. Inflammation of the brain is strongly implicated in Alzheimer's disease which could be enhanced by systemic inflammation.

A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of manual, magnetostrictive and piezoelectric ultrasonic instruments--an in vitro profilometric and SEM study.

Objectives: The debridement of diseased root surface is usually performed by mechanical scaling and root planing using manual and power driven instruments. Many new designs in ultrasonic powered scaling tips have been developed. However, their effectiveness as compared to manual curettes has always been debatable.