New drug discovery of cardiac anti-arrhythmic drugs: insights in animal models.

Cardiac rhythm regulated by micro-macroscopic structures of heart. Pacemaker abnormalities or disruptions in electrical conduction, lead to arrhythmic disorders may be benign, typical, threatening, ultimately fatal, occurs in clinical practice, patients on digitalis, anaesthesia or acute myocardial infarction. Both traditional and genetic animal models are: In-vitro: Isolated ventricular Myocytes, Guinea pig papillary muscles, Patch-Clamp Experiments, Porcine Atrial Myocytes, Guinea pig ventricular myocytes, Guinea pig papillary muscle: action potential and refractory period, Langendorff technique, Arrhythmia by acetylcholine or potassium.

Variable Length Character N-Gram Embedding of Protein Sequences for Secondary Structure Prediction.

Background: The prediction of a protein's secondary structure from its amino acid sequence is an essential step towards predicting its 3-D structure. The prediction performance improves by incorporating homologous multiple sequence alignment information. Since homologous details not available for all proteins.

Gum xanthan-psyllium-cl-poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid) based adsorbent for effective removal of cationic and anionic dyes: Adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamic studies.

The present work highlights the synthesis of the adsorbent based on Gum xanthan-psyllium hybrid backbone graft co-polymerized with polyacrylic acid-co-polyitaconic acid chains for the rapid sequestration of auramine-O (Aur-O) and eriochrome black-T (EBT) dyes from the aqueous fluid. The excellent dye removal efficiency of 90.53% for EBT and 95.

Identifying genomic targets for protein over-expression by "omics" analysis of Quiescent Escherichia coli cultures.

Background: A cellular stress response is triggered upon induction of recombinant protein expression which feedback inhibits both growth as well as protein synthesis. In order to separate these two effects, it was decided to study "quiescent cultures" which continue to be metabolically active and express recombinant proteins even after growth cessation. The idea was to identify and up-regulate genes which are responsible for protein synthesis in the absence of growth.

Visual Outcome of Traumatic Cataract at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in North India: A Prospective Study.

Introduction: One of the most common presentations of blunt and penetrating ocular trauma is traumatic cataract. It remains a significant cause of visual impairment and physical disability among adults and children. It is associated with various ocular injuries.

Design, development and permeation studies of nebivolol hydrochloride from novel matrix type transdermal patches.

Background: Nebivolol hydrochloride is a third generation β-blocker with highly selective β1-receptor antagonist with antihypertensive properties having plasma half life of 10 h and 12% oral bioavailability. The aim of the present investigation was to form matrix type transdermal patches containing Nebivolol hydrochloride to avoid its extensive hepatic first pass metabolism, lesser side effect and increase bioavailability of drug.

Materials And Methods: Matrix type transdermal patches containing Nebivolol hydrochloride were prepared using EudragitRS100, HPMC K100M (2:8) polymers by solvent evaporation technique.

Sitagliptin, sitagliptin and metformin, or sitagliptin and amitriptyline attenuate streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic neuropathy in rats.

Diabetic neuropathies are a family of nerve disorders caused by diabetes. Symptoms of the disease include nerve palsy, mononeuropathy, mononeuropathy multiplex, diabetic amyotrophy, painful polyneuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. In this study, type 2 diabetes in rats was induced with nicotinamide-streptozotocin.

Gemfibrozil and its combination with metformin on pleiotropic effect on IL-10 and adiponectin and anti-atherogenic treatment in insulin resistant type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Aim: Gemfibrozil is a PPAR-α ligand that inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis in insulin resistance type 2 diabetes mellitus (IR type 2 DM). Gemfibrozil, poor anti-hyperglycemic combined with metformin, evaluated for MMP-9, IL-10 and adiponectin beyond glycemic control.

Essential Methods: IR type 2 DM induced by administering streptozotocin (90 mg/kg, i.

Hypoglycemic effects of Citrullus colocynthis roots.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of root of C. colocynthis on the biochemical parameters of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal (120 mg/kg b.

Involvement of adenosine and standardization of aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) on cardioprotective and cardiodepressant properties in ischemic preconditioning and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac injury.

The present study investigated the effect of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) aqueous extracts on ischemic preconditioning and ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac injury, as well as adenosine involvement in ischemic preconditioning and garlic extract induced cardioprotection. A model of ischemia-reperfusion injury was established using Langendorff apparatus.

Pharmacological studies on seeds of Alangium salvifolium Linn.

The seeds of Alangium salvifolium Linn. have been traditionally reported to exhibit a variety of biological activities, including antidiabetic, anticancer, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, laxative, and antiepileptic activities. The objective of this study was to verify the traditional claims and to evaluate the seeds of Alangium salvifolium in various organic extracts to screen the antidiabetic, antiepileptic, analgesic and antiinflammatory activities.

Cardioprotective activity of alcoholic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers in calcium chloride-induced cardiac arrhythmia in rats.

The present study investigated the antiarrhythmic activity of alcoholic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (T. cordifolia) in CaCl2 induced arrhythmia. CaCl2 (25 mg/kg) was administered by intravenous infusion (iv) to produce arrhythmia in rats.

CNS activity of aqueous extract of root of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. (Vitaceae).

In Ayurveda, Cissus quadrangularis Linn. is used to treat anorexia, asthma, sickle cell, colds, pain, and malaria. Aqueous C.

Triple verses glimepiride plus metformin therapy on cardiovascular risk biomarkers and diabetic cardiomyopathy in insulin resistance type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

IRtype2DM patients are often treated with a combination of antidiabetic agents. Drugs with different complementary mechanisms of action frequently used in daily clinical practice but glycemic control with monotherapeutic attempts fail in the long run. To date, biomarkers for cardiovascular risk and insulin sensitivity with combination of triple oral hypoglycemic therapies are not fully revelled in view of additional cardiovascular risk reduction.