Large Vallecular Masses; Differential Diagnosis and Imaging Features.

Large vallecular masses are an uncommon disease entity which includes a wide spectrum of rare pathologies. These masses may present as purely vallecular in location or appear as an extension from adjacent anatomical sites like tongue base including lingual tonsils, epiglottis, palatine tonsils, epiglottis, and the remainder of supraglottis. Literature review reveals very rare conditions presenting as vallecular mass lesions.

Nontraumatic intradiploic arachnoid cyst of the sphenoid bone.

The intradiploic arachnoid cysts are rare radiological entities which are generally post-traumatic in nature and occur mostly in occipital region. We present a rare case of non-traumatic, asymptomatic intradiploic cyst of the greater wing of sphenoid in an elderly patient. The CT and MR imaging confirmed an intraosseous multiloculated cystic lesion which showed communication with the cerebrospinal fluid in anterior temporal fossa, through the small bony defects.

MRI of ectopic posterior pituitary gland with dysgenesis of pituitary stalk in a patient with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

The ectopic posterior pituitary is a rare condition which is characterized by the ectopic location of posterior lobe of pituitary, pituitary stalk abnormalities, and associated clinical manifestations of anterior lobe related growth hormone dysfunction or less commonly multiple anterior pituitary dysfunctions. We present a rare case of posterior ectopic pituitary and pituitary stalk hypoplasia with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in a 36-year-old female patient.

Evaluation of adnexal masses by ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology.

Forty Eight cases of adnexal masses were subjected to ultrasound and FNAC. In this study, FNAC could differentiate benign and malignant adnexal masses in 98% of cases where as ultrasound was successful in 85% of cases. FNAC is a safe simple, rapid & reliable investigation.