Objective: Current evidence on the association between depression and cancer risk is conflicting, with little understanding of how associations vary by time period or sociodemographic factors. We aimed to compare cancer incidence in people with versus without a previous hospital admission record for depression, by sociodemographic factors and over time.
Methods: We conducted a cohort study using national linked data in Scotland from 1991 to 2019.
Background: Skilled nursing rehabilitative care plays a critical role in older adults' functional recovery impacting post-discharge outcomes. Variations across post-acute rehabilitative care services and patient outcomes indicate a need to improve rehabilitative care in this setting. We adapted a successful outpatient care program (Live Long Walk Strong-LLWS) to address this need in post-acute care settings within the Veterans Health Administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Depression commonly co-exists with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the HIV burden is greatest, mental health resources are limited. These settings may benefit from psychosocial interventions delivered to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) by non-mental health specialists. We aimed to systematically review randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions delivered by non-mental health specialists to prevent depression in PLWH in LMICs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLiving in compact neighbourhoods that are walkable, well connected, with accessible green space can benefit physical and mental health. However, the pandemic raises concern up to what extent features of compact neighbourhood design affect transmission of viral respiratory infections. We conducted a systematic review to identify, appraise and synthesise evidence reporting associations between transmission of respiratory viruses, including Covid-19, and dwelling or population density or other features of neighbourhood design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In November 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) created interim guidance on how to integrate testing for SARS-CoV-2 into existing influenza surveillance systems. Influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) case definitions have been used to specify the case definition of COVID-19 for surveillance purposes. This review aims to assess whether the common clinical features of COVID-19 have changed to the point that the criteria used to identify both COVID-19 and influenza in surveillance programs needs to be altered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Understanding the risk factors for poor outcomes among COVID-19 patients could help identify vulnerable populations who would need prioritisation in prevention and treatment for COVID-19. We aimed to critically appraise and synthesise published evidence on the risk factors for poor outcomes in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.
Methods: We searched PubMed, medRxiv and the WHO COVID-19 literature database for studies that reported characteristics of COVID-19 patients who required hospitalisation.
Background: Lifestyle counseling is described as a "major breakthrough" in the control of chronic diseases. Counseling can be challenging to nurses due their lack of motivation to counsel, hesitancy to appear non-judgmental, lack of empathy, and lack of time. Nurses voice their need for more training in counseling communication skills.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims And Objectives: To evaluate the application of a Multidimensional Model of Clinical Leadership on the community healthcare leader and on transforming community services.
Background: Healthcare policy advocates clinical leadership as the vehicle to transform community and healthcare services. Few studies have identified the key components of an effective clinical leadership development model.
Nurse Educ Today
November 2013
The purpose of this grounded theory study was to increase understanding of nursing educators' perspectives of students with disabilities. Seventeen educators from four nursing education programs in western Canada participated. The theory emerging from this data was "producing competent graduates".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNursing education plays a central role in the ability to practice effectively. It follows that an optimally educated nursing workforce begets optimal patient care. A framework for excellence in nursing education could guide the development of novice educators, establish the basis for evaluating teaching excellence, and provide the impetus for research in this area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: In recent years, the use of portfolios as learning and assessment tools has become more widespread across the range of health professions. Whilst a growing body of literature has accompanied these trends, there is no clear collated summary of the evidence for the educational effects of the use of portfolios in undergraduate education. This systematic review is the result of our work to provide such a summary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLegislation requires universities to provide reasonable accommodations for students with disabilities to facilitate their access to post-secondary education. In the case of professional programs, educators must think beyond the classroom and consider the implications for clinical practice. The nature of some students' accommodations prompted concerns about the students' ability to meet program expectations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dendritic cells (DC) are essential for the development of alloreactivity, however, little has been published regarding the distribution and phenotype of these and related mononuclear cells in human lung transplantation.
Methods: Lung frozen sections were examined for the presence of CD1a+ DC and for mononuclear cells and alveolar macrophages expressing CD11b and CD68. The effects of transplantation and immunosuppression were assessed by comparison of normal transplant transbronchial biopsy specimens to specimens from unused donor lungs; the normal transbronchial biopsy specimens also were compared with those showing rejection or obliterative bronchiolitis.
A case is presented of pulmonary Langerhans' cell granulomatosis which recurred following lung transplantation and responded to cyclophosphamide. This suggests that the primary abnormality in this condition lies in the Langerhans' cell or precursor dendritic cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs
September 1997
Objective: To describe the experience of prolonged bed rest from the perspective of women during high-risk pregnancies.
Design: A focused ethnographic study that used interviews, participant diaries, and field notes as data sources.
Setting: Participants were obtained from an acute-care hospital antepartum unit and an antepartum home care program.
Vascular endothelial cells are antigenically heterogeneous and therefore it has been recommended that a range of immunohistochemical markers is employed to show the presence of cells of endothelial origin in surgical pathology. In this study we applied three monoclonal antibodies--to factor VIII-related antigen, JC70 (CD31), QBend 10 (CD34)--and Ulex europaeus agglutinin type 1 lectin (UEA-1), to six consecutive cases of left atrial myxoma. We found that JC70 and QBend 10 consistently stained myxoma cells in all their different growth patterns contrasting with factor VIII-related antigen expression and UEA-1 binding which were restricted to areas which showed morphological evidence of vascular differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA rare case of primary malignant melanoma of the bronchus is described. Before considering this diagnosis, metastasis from an occult primary must be convincingly excluded and the tumour should conform to certain guidelines. This patient presented with a solitary lung tumour for which she underwent left lower lobectomy and continues to be tumour free 54 months after surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne study estimates that smoking cessation programs for pregnant women could prevent several thousand low birthweight babies and save numerous lives each year. Cessation must be encouraged and supported at any point during pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan J Nurs Adm
April 1995
Nursing administrators, educators and clinicians are continually striving to incorporate research into practice. A number of research utilization models have been developed to help meet this challenge. This article describes how the Conduct and Utilization of Research in Nursing (CURN) approach was used in a maternal-child area of a Canadian tertiary care hospital.
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