Progressive plasticity during colorectal cancer metastasis.

As cancers progress, they become increasingly aggressive-metastatic tumours are less responsive to first-line therapies than primary tumours, they acquire resistance to successive therapies and eventually cause death. Mutations are largely conserved between primary and metastatic tumours from the same patients, suggesting that non-genetic phenotypic plasticity has a major role in cancer progression and therapy resistance. However, we lack an understanding of metastatic cell states and the mechanisms by which they transition.

Physico-chemical characteristics and quality assessment of soil in parts of the Banganga Basin in northeastern Rajasthan, NW India.

Soil is a vital natural resource that has a bearing on any developmental activity. A database comprising primary physicochemical characteristics and soil suitability would assist the planners in devising an appropriate land use policy and any intervention strategy for soil quality improvement. The physicochemical characteristics of soils in parts of the Banganga Basin, located in the semi-arid terrain of NW India were evaluated mainly through surface samples and sub-surface ones wherever sections were exposed in stream banks.

Early-onset Colorectal Cancer Patients Do Not Require Shorter Intervals for Post-surgical Surveillance Colonoscopy.

Background & Aims: Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC), diagnosed before age 50, is rising in incidence worldwide. Although post-surgical colonoscopy surveillance strategies exist, appropriate intervals in EO-CRC remain elusive, as long-term surveillance outcomes remain scant. We sought to compare findings of surveillance colonoscopies of EO-CRC with patients with average onset colorectal cancer (AO-CRC) to help define surveillance outcomes in these groups.