Publications by authors named "Asha Patel"

We hypothesized that a double-balloon technique would be associated with a lower likelihood of aortic regurgitation (AR) following balloon aortic valvotomy (BAV). We present the short- and mid-term outcomes of the double-balloon technique for BAV. Fifty consecutive patients (median age: 6.

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Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) represent a promising advancement in the treatment of breast cancer, addressing the significant challenges posed by conventional chemotherapy, such as poor drug solubility, short half-lives, and high toxicity. This review delves into the potential of NLCs to overcome these limitations, highlighting their unique structure comprising a solid and lipid liquid core stabilized by surfactants. By examining diverse lipid blends used in the preparation of NLCs, the article emphasizes their suitability for targeted drug delivery.

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Carfilzomib is a tetrapeptide epoxyketone that has shown potential clinical outcomes in the treatment of multiple myeloma. However, inaccuracies in quantifying such peptide drug products have arisen due to poor stability, low solubility, time-consuming techniques, complex physicochemical properties, and use of non-green solvents with less recyclability. This provides a substantial urge to develop an ecological and sensitive analytical method for quantifying peptide drugs from matrix formulation and biological samples in early as well as lateral stages of product development in pharma industries.

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for maintaining brain homeostasis but is susceptible to inflammatory dysfunction. While transporter-dependent efflux of some lipophilic substrates across the BBB shows circadian variation due to rhythmic transporter expression, basal transporter-independent permeability and leakage is nonrhythmic. Whether daily timing influences BBB permeability in response to inflammation is unknown.

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Alzheimer's disease is the most common form, accounting for 60-70% of 55 million dementia cases. Even though the precise pathophysiology of AD is not completely understood, clinical trials focused on antibodies targeting aggregated forms of β amyloid (Aβ) have demonstrated that reducing amyloid plaques can arrest cognitive decline in patients in the early stages of AD. In this study, we provide an overview of current research and innovations for controlled release from nano-biomaterial-assisted chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M) therapeutic strategies targeted at AD.

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Background: Cancer is a life-threatening disease prevalent worldwide, but its proper treatment has not yet been developed. Conventional therapies, like chemotherapy, sur-gery, and radiation, have shown relapse and drug resistance. Nanomedicine comprising cancer theranostics based on imaging probes functionalized with polymeric nanoconjugates is acquir-ing importance due to its targeting capability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, capacity for drug loading, and long blood circulation time.

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Critical illness can significantly alter the composition and function of the human microbiome, but few studies have examined these changes over time. Here, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the oral, lung, and gut microbiota in 479 mechanically ventilated patients (223 females, 256 males) with acute respiratory failure. We use advanced DNA sequencing technologies, including Illumina amplicon sequencing (utilizing 16S and ITS rRNA genes for bacteria and fungi, respectively, in all sample types) and Nanopore metagenomics for lung microbiota.

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for maintaining brain homeostasis but is susceptible to inflammatory dysfunction. Permeability of the BBB to lipophilic molecules shows circadian variation due to rhythmic transporter expression, while basal permeability to polar molecules is non-rhythmic. Whether daily timing influences BBB permeability in response to inflammation is unknown.

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Cancer is the most widely studied disorder in humans, but proper treatment has not yet been developed for it. Conventional therapies, like chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, have been employed. Such therapies target not only cancerous cells but also harm normal cells.

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Background: Hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 follow heterogeneous clinical trajectories, requiring different levels of respiratory support and experiencing diverse clinical outcomes. Differences in host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection may account for the heterogeneous clinical course, but we have limited data on the dynamic evolution of systemic biomarkers and related subphenotypes. Improved understanding of the dynamic transitions of host subphenotypes in COVID-19 may allow for improved patient selection for targeted therapies.

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Article Synopsis
  • Critical illness alters the microbiome in the oral, lung, and gut areas, leading to significant changes like decreased diversity and increased harmful bacteria.
  • A study of 479 patients on mechanical ventilation revealed that factors like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and antibiotic use influence these changes.
  • Lung microbiota diversity was found to independently predict patient survival, suggesting it could be useful for guiding treatment in critically ill individuals and indicating the potential for targeted microbiome therapies.
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Critical illness can disrupt the composition and function of the microbiome, yet comprehensive longitudinal studies are lacking. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of oral, lung, and gut microbiota in a large cohort of 479 mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure. Progressive dysbiosis emerged in all three body compartments, characterized by reduced alpha diversity, depletion of obligate anaerobe bacteria, and pathogen enrichment.

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Background: The common symptom of systemic atherosclerosis is peripheral arterial disease (PAD), which occurs when the artery lumen in the lower extremities gradually becomes blocked by atherosclerotic plaque. The most frequent symptom of lower extremity PAD, called "vascular claudication," which is pain experienced when walking. Partial or total blockage of the peripheral arteries in the upper and lower limbs is called PAD.

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Background: Cancer is a life-threatening disease worldwide, but proper treatment has not yet been developed. Many therapies are available to treat cancer disorders, like chemotherapy, surgery, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy often relies on a combination of harmful, highly toxic platinum-based compounds.

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Purpose: Enhanced understanding of the dynamic changes in the dysregulated inflammatory response in COVID-19 may help improve patient selection and timing for immunomodulatory therapies.

Methods: We enrolled 323 COVID-19 inpatients on different levels of baseline respiratory support: i) Low Flow Oxygen (37%), ii) Non-Invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen (NIV_HFO, 29%), iii) Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV, 27%), and iv) Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO, 7%). We collected plasma samples upon enrollment and days 5 and 10 to measure host-response biomarkers.

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Imposition of social and health behavior mitigations are important control measures in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although postulated that these measures may impact the human microbiota including losses in diversity from heightened hygiene and social distancing measures, this hypothesis remains to be tested. Other impacts on the microbiota and host mental and physical health status associations from these measures are also not well-studied.

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Background: Cancer is known to be the most leading cause of death worldwide. It is understood that the sources causing cancer mainly include the activity of endogenous oncogenes, nonviral compounds and the fundamental portion of these oncogenes; the tyrosine kinase activity and proteasome activity are the main biomarkers responsible for cell proliferation. These biomarkers can be used as main targets and are believed to be the 'prime switches' for the signal communication activity to regulate cell death and cell cycle.

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Background: The Cataract is the leading cause of visual impairment and preventable blindness worldwide. Cataract removal surgery involves various post-operative complications like pain and inflammation.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to screen the polymer concentration as well as optimize the formulation components to develop the pluronic micelles with nanosized characterization and for enhanced corneal permeation study.

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Apoptosis is a programmed cell death that efficiently removes damaged cells to maintain tissue homeostasis. Defect in apoptotic machinery can lead to tumor development, progression, and resistance to chemotherapy. PUMA (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis) and BAX (BCL2-associated X protein) are among the most well-known inducers of apoptosis.

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Non-viral vectors offer the potential to deliver nucleic acids including mRNA and DNA into cells in vivo. However, designing materials that effectively deliver to target organs and then to desired compartments within the cell remains a challenge. Here we develop polymeric materials that can be optimized for either DNA transcription in the nucleus or mRNA translation in the cytosol.

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Background: Ceftazidime, a third-generation cephalosporin, is widely used in the treatment of lung infections, often given as "off-label" nebulization. There is a need to develop a sensitive and robust analytical method to compute aerodynamic properties of ceftazidime following nebulization.

Objective: The current study entails development of a simple, accurate, and sensitive HPLC method for ceftazidime estimation, employing the principles of analytical quality-by-design (AQbD) and Monte Carlo simulations.

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Background: Approximately one in five children in UK have experienced parental intimate partner abuse (IPA). Research suggests that this is one of the strongest predictors of interpersonal aggression within adult relationships, as well as having significant negative impacts on mental and physical health. Both Attachment Theory (Ainsworth & Bell, 1970; Bowlby, 1969) and Social Learning Theory (Bandura, 1977) attempt to explain this intergenerational cycle of abuse.

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Biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) are the novel carriers for the administration of drug molecules. Biodegradable nanoparticles have become popular recently because of their special features such as targeted delivery of drugs, improved bioavailability, and better therapeutic effectiveness to administer the drug at a constant rate. Polymeric NPs are very small-sized polymeric colloidal elements in which a drug of interest may be encapsulated or incorporated in their polymeric network or conjugated or adsorbed on the layer.

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The present work describes the systematic development of a simple, rapid, sensitive, robust, effective and cost-effective reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for quantitative analysis of ferulic acid using analytical quality by design paradigms. Initially, apt wavelength for the analysis of ferulic acid was selected employing principal component analysis as the chemometric tool. An Ishikawa fishbone diagram was constructed to delineate various plausible variables influencing analytical target profile, viz.

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