Comparison of Olympic-Style Weightlifting Performances of Elite Athletes: Scaling Models Account for Body Mass.

Purpose: We developed a scale for comparison of performances by weightlifters of different body mass and compare this scaling formula to current systems.

Methods: Data from Olympics and World and Continental Championships from 2017 to 2021 were obtained; results from athletes with doping violations were excluded, resulting in performances from 1900 athletes from 150 countries for use in analysis. Functional relationships between performance and body mass were explored by testing various transformations of body mass in the form of fractional polynomials that include a wide range of nonlinear relationships.

A temperature-monitoring vaginal ring for measuring adherence.

Background: Product adherence is a pivotal issue in the development of effective vaginal microbicides to reduce sexual transmission of HIV. To date, the six Phase III studies of vaginal gel products have relied primarily on self-reporting of adherence. Accurate and reliable methods for monitoring user adherence to microbicide-releasing vaginal rings have yet to be established.