Patterns and predictors of multiple sclerosis phenotype transition.

Currently, there are limited therapeutic options for patients with non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Therefore, real-world studies have investigated differences between patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Here, we explore patterns and predictors of transitioning between these phenotypes.

At home e-based physical exercise programs in patients with multiple sclerosis: a scoping review.

Introduction: Physical exercise (PE) improves symptoms and quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, incorporating PE into daily lives of pwMS pose difficulties. As an alternative to in-person PE, e-based PE has been proposed because of its advantages in terms of accessibility and convenience.

Association of oral manifestations with severity of the disease in ulcerative colitis patients.

Objective: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic conditions primarily affecting the intestines. This study aims to identify the nature and frequency of oral symptoms and signs in patients with ulcerative colitis and to explore the connection between these complications and the activity of the disease.

Methods: This descriptive-analytical study involved ulcerative colitis patients who visited the gastroenterology clinic at Shahid Sayad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan, along with an equal number of healthy companions as a control group in 2019.

Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Sambucus nigra on superficial digital flexor tendon repair in rabbit by ultrasonography and histopathology.

Background: Adult tendon tissue has limited and slow regenerative capacity. Sambucus nigra plant possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of this plant's fruit on superficial digital flexor tendon repair in rabbits (SDFT).

Association of phase angle with sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A case-control study.

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by reduced muscle strength and mass, is commonly observed in patients with kidney disease. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD patients).

Materials And Methods: A case-control study was conducted from 2022 to 2023, involving a total of 137 HD patients receiving regular dialysis.

Bacteroides fragilis in saliva: investigating links with ulcerative colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-term bowel inflammation of unknown cause. Recent research points to gut microbiota, especially Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), in UC's development. This study examined the presence of Bacteroides fragilis (B.

Assessment of a combined mouthwash on pain relief in pericoronitis: a randomized clinical study.

Background: Pericoronitis, an inflammation near wisdom teeth, often occurs when they are partially emerged, especially in the lower jaw. Commonly, the gingiva partially envelops the tooth. Treatments vary from gingival surgery to extraction.

Association between psychological stress and mandibular condyle structure: an analytical cross-sectional study.

Objective: The potential influence of psychological factors on temporomandibular joint disorders has been clinically documented. To date, all research examining the impact of psychological stress on the temporomandibular joint has been conducted on animals. This study aims to explore the relationship between psychological stress and the structure of the human mandibular condyle.

Sex ratio and age of onset in AQP4 antibody-associated NMOSD: a review and meta-analysis.

Background: Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an antibody-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. We have undertaken a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain the sex ratio and mean age of onset for AQP4 antibody associated NMOSD. We have also explored factors that impact on these demographic data.

Initial screening for neuronal autoantibodies and their putative impact on survival in patients with small-cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) may be associated with neuronal autoantibodies and paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. It has been suggested that neuronal autoantibodies, especially antineuronal nuclear antibody type 1 (Hu) autoantibodies, are associated with longer survival of patients with SCLC. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of neuronal autoantibodies at the time of diagnosis of SCLC patients and assess survival rates in relation to autoimmunity.

Comparison of clinical efficacy of CAD CAM Endocrowns made of feldspathic ceramic, zirconia lithium silicate, and lithium disilicate: A two-year mixed cohort study.

Objective: Endocrowns can be fabricated from various materials as a treatment option for endodontically treated teeth. This mixed cohort study aimed to demonstrate the clinical efficacy of Endocrowns made of feldspathic, zirconia lithium silicate, and lithium disilicate ceramics using a chairside CAD/CAM system.

Methods: The present study compared the clinical outcomes of 141 Endocrown restorations in posterior teeth of 85 patients in a two-year follow-up.

The inhibitory effects of carvacrol, nystatin, and their combination on oral candidiasis isolates.

Background: Candida, a common oral microbiota, can cause opportunistic fungal infections. With rising Candida infections and limited effective antifungals, new treatments are needed. This study investigates carvacrol essential oil's effect on oral candidiasis, alone and with nystatin, compared to nystatin alone.

Severe Maxillectomy Defect Rehabilitation with an Implant-Retained Obturator Prosthesis: A Case Report.

Conventional obturator prostheses might cause dissatisfaction in patients with hard or soft palate defects due to inadequate retention and function during speech, mastication, and swallowing. Thus, surgical reconstruction and implant-supported obturators are considered as alternative treatments for these patients. This case-report study describes the prosthetic reconstruction of an 88-year-old patient suffering from a hard palate defect after surgical resection of verrucous carcinoma in the left side of the hard palate.

Exploring Rotational Diffusion with Plasmonic Coupling.

Measuring the orientation dynamics of nanoparticles and nonfluorescent molecules in real time with optical methods is still a challenge in nanoscience and biochemistry. Here, we examine optoplasmonic sensing taking the rotational diffusion of plasmonic nanorods as an experimental model. Our detection method is based on monitoring the dark-field scattering of a relatively large sensor gold nanorod (GNR) (40 nm in diameter and 112 nm in length) as smaller plasmonic nanorods cross its near field.

T1 hypointense brain lesions in NMOSD and its relevance with disability: a single institution cross-sectional study.

Background: T1 hypointense lesions are considered a surrogate marker of tissue destruction. Although there is a shortage of evidence about T1 hypointense brain lesions, black holes, in patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), the clinical significance of these lesions is not well determined.

Objectives: The impact of T1 hypointense brain lesions on the clinical status and the disability level of patients with NMOSD was sought in this study.

Cross-reactivity between 4027 peptide and Human IRF5 may contribute to Multiple Sclerosis in Iranian patients.

Background: The etiology of Multiple sclerosis (MS) is complicated and can be affected by several environmental factors, such as subspecies (MAP) infection in genetically predisposed individuals. The link between MAP and MS depends on host genetic and epigenetic aspects and population-based features that require further investigation. We aimed to study the possible role of MAP in triggering MS using molecular and serological methods.

Discontinuation of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis - a nationwide study.

Background: Adherence is a prerequisite for the efficacy of any drug, and previous studies have shown that non-adherence is associated with disease activity and increased health care cost in multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to investigate rates and reasons for discontinuation of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) among people with MS on a national level and differences between clinics in Denmark.

Methods: This was a nationwide, registry and population study of patients treated with DMF.

Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 as a potential marker of acute relapse in inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system: Pathological and clinical aspects.

Background: Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) is an extracellular matrix protein not previously described in the human central nervous system (CNS).

Objectives: We determined MFAP4 CNS expression and measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels.

Methods: Tissue was sampled at autopsy from patients with acute multiple sclerosis (MS) ( = 3), progressive MS ( = 3), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) ( = 2), and controls ( = 9), including 6 healthy controls (HC).

Detection of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis in the Blood of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis by Using Serological and Molecular Techniques.

The role of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in triggering rheumatoid arthritis (RA) could be a population-specific phenomenon. This study explored the relationship between MAP and RA using serological and molecular techniques; In this case-control study, 239 Iranian participants, including 120 RA patients and 119 controls, were enrolled. The indirect ELISA was designed to diagnose antibodies against MAP3865c125-133 and Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8).