An Insight into Efflux-Mediated Arsenic Resistance and Biotransformation Potential of RSC3 from Arsenic Polluted Area.

Indiscriminate discharge of heavy metals/metalloids from different sources into the sustainable agro-ecosystem is a major global concern for food security and human health. Arsenic (As), categorized as group one human carcinogen is a quintessential toxic metalloid that alters the microbial compositions and functions, induce physiological and metabolic changes in plants and contaminate surface/ground water. The management of arsenic toxicity, therefore, becomes imminent.

Understanding the phytotoxic impact of Al, nano-size, and bulk AlO on growth and physiology of maize (Zea mays L.) in aqueous and soil media.

The release and accumulation of metal-oxide nanoparticles in soils have threatened terrestrial plants. However, limited knowledge is available on the accumulation of nano-AlO (22 nm), bulk-AlO (167 nm), and Al by maize plants and the subsequent impact on its physiology and growth in agar (0.7% w/v), hydroponic (1X), and soil.

Bioprospecting Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Enhancing the Biological Properties and Phytochemical Composition of Medicinally Important Crops.

Traditionally, medicinal plants have long been used as a natural therapy. Plant-derived extracts or phytochemicals have been exploited as food additives and for curing many health-related ailments. The secondary metabolites produced by many plants have become an integral part of human health and have strengthened the value of plant extracts as herbal medicines.

Psychrophilic Bacterial Phosphate-Biofertilizers: A Novel Extremophile for Sustainable Crop Production under Cold Environment.

Abiotic stresses, including low-temperature environments, adversely affect the structure, composition, and physiological activities of soil microbiomes. Also, low temperatures disturb physiological and metabolic processes, leading to major crop losses worldwide. Extreme cold temperature habitats are, however, an interesting source of psychrophilic and psychrotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) that can ameliorate the low-temperature conditions while maintaining their physiological activities.

Sorghum-Phosphate Solubilizers Interactions: Crop Nutrition, Biotic Stress Alleviation, and Yield Optimization.

Sweet sorghum [ (L.) Moench] is a highly productive, gluten-free cereal crop plant that can be used as an alternative energy resource, human food, and livestock feed or for biofuel-ethanol production. Phosphate fertilization is a common practice to optimize sorghum yield but because of high cost, environmental hazards, and soil fertility reduction, the use of chemical P fertilizer is discouraged.

Differential bioaccumulations and ecotoxicological impacts of metal-oxide nanoparticles, bulk materials, and metal-ions in cucumbers grown in sandy clay loam soil.

Expanding applications of metal-oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and increased environmental deposition of NPs followed by their interactions with edible crops threaten yields. This study demonstrates the effects of aging (45 days in soil) of four NPs (ZnO, CuO, AlO, TiO; 3.9-34 nm) and their corresponding metal oxide bulk particles (BPs; 144-586 nm) on cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.

Differential responses of maize (Zea mays) at the physiological, biomolecular, and nutrient levels when cultivated in the presence of nano or bulk ZnO or CuO or Zn or Cu ions.

Expanding applications of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) in industry and agriculture have influenced agro-ecosystems. However, relatively little is known about the bioaccumulation, distribution, and phytotoxicity of ZnO-NPs, CuO-NPs, ZnO-bulk, CuO-bulk, Zn, or Cu in maize. Plants were exposed to 0.

Impact of metal-oxide nanoparticles on growth, physiology and yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) modulated by Azotobacter salinestris strain ASM.

The current study for the first time demonstrates the interference of a free-living, N-fixing, and nanoparticle (NP) tolerant Azotobacter salinestris strain ASM recovered from metal-polluted soil with tomato plant-metal oxide NPs (ZnO, CuO, AlO and TiO) interactions in a sandy clay loam soil system with bulk materials as control. Tomato plants were grown till full maturity in soils amended with 20-2000 mg kg of each metal-oxide NP with and without seed biopriming and root-inoculation of A. salinestris.

Biosorption of heavy metals by dry biomass of metal tolerant bacterial biosorbents: an efficient metal clean-up strategy.

Heavy metals discharge at an unrestrained rate from various industries into the environment pose serious human health problems. Considering this, the present study aimed at exploring the metal biosorbing potentials of bacterial strains recovered from polluted soils. The bacterial strains (CPSB1, BM2 and CAZ3) belonging to genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Azotobacter expressing multi-metal tolerance ability were identified to species level as P.

Heavy metal induced stress on wheat: phytotoxicity and microbiological management.

Among many soil problems, heavy metal accumulation is one of the major agronomic challenges that has seriously threatened food safety. Due to these problems, soil biologists/agronomists in recent times have also raised concerns over heavy metal pollution, which indeed are unpleasantly affecting agro-ecosystems and crop production. The toxic heavy metals once deposited beyond certain permissible limits, obnoxiously affect the density, composition and physiological activities of microbiota, dynamics and fertility of soil leading eventually to reduction in wheat production and food chain, human and animal health.

Destruction of Cell Topography, Morphology, Membrane, Inhibition of Respiration, Biofilm Formation, and Bioactive Molecule Production by Nanoparticles of Ag, ZnO, CuO, TiO, and AlO toward Beneficial Soil Bacteria.

The unregulated discharge of nanoparticles (NPs) from various nanotechnology industries into the environment is expected to alter the composition and physiological functions of soil microbiota. Considering this knowledge gap, the impact of five NPs (Ag, ZnO, CuO, AlO, and TiO) differing in size and morphology on growth behavior and physiological activity of , , , and were investigated. Various biochemical and microscopic approaches were adopted.

Effective Inhibition of Phytopathogenic Microbes by Eco-Friendly Leaf Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs).

Abstract: This study was aimed at producing the eco-friendly, safe, and inexpensive silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) and assessing its antimicrobial activity. Fungal pathogens isolated from diseased leaves and fruits of brinjal and bacterial pathogen obtained from a culture collection were used in this study. Green synthesis of AgNPs was performed and optimized using leaf extract.

Putative Role of Bacterial Biosorbent in Metal Sequestration Revealed by SEM-EDX and FTIR.

Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) play a critical role in sequestration of metals from contaminated environment. Considering these, this study was aimed at extracting EPS from metal tolerant CPSB1 and CAZ3 and to ascertain its role in metal removal. CPSB1 and CAZ3 secreted 1306.

Heavy metal mediated phytotoxic impact on winter wheat: oxidative stress and microbial management of toxicity by BM2.

Heavy metals are toxic environmental contaminants, which severely affect microbial composition and functions and, concurrently, crop production. Due to these issues, the present study focussed on the selection of metal tolerant microbes endowed with metal detoxification abilities and their role in the management and remediation of metal contaminated soils. The metal tolerant bacterium BM2, identified as by 16SrRNA gene sequencing, survived well under metal pressure and tolerated 1600 and 2000 μg mL of Ni and Pb, respectively.

Bioreduction of toxicity influenced by bioactive molecules secreted under metal stress by Azotobacter chroococcum.

Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. Culturable microbes among many metal abatement strategies are considered inexpensive, viable and environmentally safe. In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis.

Understanding the phyto-interaction of heavy metal oxide bulk and nanoparticles: evaluation of seed germination, growth, bioaccumulation, and metallothionein production.

The fast-growing use of nano-based products without proper care has led to a major public health concern. Nanomaterials contaminating the environment pose serious threat to the productivity of plants and food chain to human health. Realizing these, four vegetable crops, radish, cucumber, tomato, and alfalfa, were exposed to varying concentrations of heavy metal oxide (TiO, ZnO, AlO and CuO) submicron or bulk (BPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) to assess their impact on relative seed germination (RSG), seed surface adsorption, root/shoot tolerance index (RTI/STI), bioaccumulation, and metallothioneins (MTs) production.

Heavy metal induced oxidative damage and root morphology alterations of maize (Zea mays L.) plants and stress mitigation by metal tolerant nitrogen fixing Azotobacter chroococcum.

Heavy metals are one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect the quantity and nutritive value of maize. Microbial management involving the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a promising inexpensive strategy for metal clean up from polluted soils. Considering these, metal tolerant plant growth promoting nitrogen fixing rhizobacterial strain CAZ3 identified by 16SrRNA gene sequence analysis as Azotobacter chroococcum was recovered from metal polluted chilli rhizosphere.

Biotoxic impact of heavy metals on growth, oxidative stress and morphological changes in root structure of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and stress alleviation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CPSB1.

Rapid industrialization and uncontrolled metal discharge into environment is a global concern for crop production. Metal tolerant bacterium isolated from chilli rhizosphere was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa tolerated high concentrations of Cu (1400 μg ml), Cd (1000 μg ml) and Cr (1000 μg ml).