Sustainable captive breeding practices for native Indonesian freshwater fish.

In Indonesia, the over-exploitation and habitat degradation of its biodiverse freshwater fish populations, has led to an urgent need for conservation of endangered fish species. A review is conducted on sustainable captive breeding practices for native Indonesian freshwater fish, with emphasis placed on the importance of ex situ conservation strategies. The key components of captive breeding such as ecological and biological research in the field; capturing, handling, and transportation of fish; selection of genetically diverse breeding stock; care and quarantine measures; feed acclimatization; and creation of reproductive facilities have been discussed.