Heat tolerance of goats to increased daily maximum temperature and low salinity of drinking water in tropical humid regions.

Objective: The daily maximum temperature and seawater level continuously increase as global warming continues. We examined the adaptability and production performance of heat-stressed goats with a supply of low-saline drinking water.

Methods: Twelve Kacang and Kacang Etawah cross goats were exposed to two climatic conditions (control, 25°C to 33°C, 83% relative humidity [RH], temperature humidity index [THI]: 76 to 86; and hot environment, 26°C to 39°C, 81% RH, THI: 77 to 94) and two salt levels in drinking water (0% and 0.

Physiological changes and behavioral responses in heat-stressed goats under humid tropical environment.

Kacang (K) and Kacang Etawah (KE) cross goats are the major goat breeds that are important for farming livelihood and income and recognized for their tolerance to hot and humid tropical climates. As global warming progresses, the daily maximum temperature (T) is predicted to be continuously increased, which will challenge goat production in the future. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and behavioral responses of the goats to the elevated T.

Organic acid and probiotic derived from grass silage improved egg quality in Pegagan laying duck: a research note.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of organic acid and probiotic derived from grass silage on the egg quality of duck. Seventy-two Pegagan laying ducks (average age: 24 weeks) were randomly allocated to six treatment groups: basal diet, basal diet + organic acid, basal diet + probiotic, basal diet + tetracycline, basal diet + probiotic + organic acid, and basal diet + organic acid + tetracycline. The result showed that the feeding diets containing probiotics and organic acid significantly (P < 0.

Feed Quality and Feeding Level Effects on Faecal Composition in East African Cattle Farming Systems.

Effects of feeding levels below maintenance requirements of metabolizable energy (MER) and of feed supplementation on fecal nutrient and microbial C concentrations were evaluated. In experiment 1, Rhodes grass hay only was offered to Boran steers at 80%, 60%, and 40% of individual MER, while steers at 100% MER additionally received a concentrated mixture. This reduction in MER decreased N, increased fungal C but did not affect bacterial C concentrations in feces.

Supplementing Tropical Cattle for Improved Nutrient Utilization and Reduced Enteric Methane Emissions.

Given their high nitrogen (N) concentration and low costs, sweet potato vine silage (SPVS) and urea-molasses blocks (UMB) are recommended supplements for tropical regions; therefore, they were investigated in this study. Six heifers were allocated to three diets: the roughage diet (R) consisted of wheat straw (0.61) and Rhodes grass hay (0.

Effects of feed intake level on efficiency of microbial protein synthesis and nitrogen balance in Boran steers consuming tropical poor-quality forage.

This study aimed at evaluating the effects of feed intake level on the efficiency of rumen microbial protein synthesis (EMPS), nitrogen (N) excretion, and N balance in twelve 18-months old Boran (Bos indicus) steers with initial average liveweight of 183 kg (standard deviation (SD) 15.2). The experiment followed a 4 × 4 complete Latin Square design with four dietary treatments tested in four periods.