Encircling discourses-A guide to critical discourse analysis in caring science.

Aim: The aim of this article was to introduce Fairclough's critical discourse analysis (CDA) in caring and nursing science, to provide a guide on how to perform such an analysis, and to describe the wider context of discourse epistemology.

Design: The article is designed as a methodological paper, including (a) epistemological roots of discourse analysis, (b) an overview of discourse analytical research within caring and nursing science which points out an increased trend, and (c) a guide to conducting a CDA.

Analysis: It is important that discourse analysis is available and accessible to nursing and caring researchers.

Scandinavian Online Cancer Information as Expressions of Governmentality: A Comparative Qualitative Study.

We compared online distributed information provided to patients with cancer in Scandinavian countries through the lens of governmentality. A secondary comparative qualitative analysis was conducted. Discourses in online patient information showed differences in governmentality techniques across the countries: Norway used a paternalist approach, Denmark an educative approach, and Sweden an individualistic approach and expected the patients to make the "right" decisions.

Manoeuvring between interplay and context- an ethnographic study of social interaction in encounters between registered nurses, older patients and their relatives.

Background: Social interactions between registered nurses, older patients and their relatives are essential and play a central role in developing a successful care relationship in healthcare encounters. How nurses interact with patients affects the patient's well-being. Limited time and demands for efficiency influence the encounter and complaints from patients and relatives often concern social interactions.

The reasonable patient - A Swedish discursive construction.

The aim of this study was to analyse how the patient is constructed and socially positioned in Swedish patient information. Corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis methodology was utilised on a sample of 56 online patient information texts about cancer containing a total of 126,711 words. The findings show an overarching discourse of informed consent guided by specific features to produce a patient norm that we name "the reasonable patient", who is receptive to arguments, emotionally restrained and makes decisions based on information.

Striving to establish a care relationship-Mission possible or impossible?-Triad encounters between patients, relatives and nurses.

Background: When patients, relatives and nurses meet, they form a triad that can ensure a good care relationship. However, hospital environments are often stressful and limited time can negatively affect the care relationship, thus decreasing patient satisfaction.

Objective: To explain the care relationship in triad encounters between patients, relatives and nurses at a department of medicine for older people.

What are they talking about? Content of the communication exchanges between nurses, patients and relatives in a department of medicine for older people-An ethnographic study.

Aims And Objectives: To explore and describe the content of the communication exchanges between nurses, patients and their relatives in a department of medicine for older people in western Sweden.

Background: Information, messages and knowledge are constantly being communicated between nurses, older patients and relatives in the healthcare sector. The quality of communication between them has a major influence on patient outcomes.

Voices used by nurses when communicating with patients and relatives in a department of medicine for older people-An ethnographic study.

Aims And Objectives: To describe how nurses communicate with older patients and their relatives in a department of medicine for older people in western Sweden.

Background: Communication is an essential tool for nurses when working with older patients and their relatives, but often patients and relatives experience shortcomings in the communication exchanges. They may not receive information or are not treated in a professional way.

Learning by supporting others-experienced parents' development process when supporting other parents with a child with type 1 diabetes.

Aims And Objectives: To describe and analyse coach-parents' development process when supporting parents of children recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Background: It has been found repeatedly that providing social support for families with a child diagnosed with T1DM promotes health and well-being for both the child and the parents. Less explored are the processes experienced by those who provide this support.

Health care to empower self-care in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and an immigrant minority background.

Background: The pediatric diabetes team aims to support health, quality of life, and normal growth and development among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Adolescents with an immigrant background have been found less successful in self-care. Previous research indicated that adolescents who had integrated the disease as a part of their self-image reasoned differently about their self-care to those who had not.

"The Emperor's new clothes": discourse analysis on how the patient is constructed in the new Swedish Patient Act.

The Swedish welfare debate increasingly focuses on market liberal notions and its healthcare perspective aims for more patient-centered care. This article examines the new Swedish Patient Act describing and analyzing how the patient is constructed in government documents. This study takes a Foucauldian discourse analysis approach following Willig's analysis guide.

Conceptions of diabetes and diabetes care in young people with minority backgrounds.

Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) need stable self-care routines for good metabolic control to minimize future cardiovascular health complications. These routines are demanding, and might be particularly challenging in underprivileged groups. The aim of this study was to gain in-depth knowledge on the experience of adolescents with T1DM and a non-Swedish background regarding factors that might influence their ability to take care of themselves; in particular, factors that might influence diabetes management routines, their social situation, and the support they receive from caregivers.

Fathers of Children With Type 1 Diabetes: Perceptions of a Father's Involvement From a Health Promotion Perspective.

This study describes how fathers of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes understand their involvement in their child's daily life from a health promotion perspective. Sixteen Swedish fathers of children living with type 1 diabetes were interviewed. Manifest and latent content analysis was used to identify two themes: the inner core of the father's general parental involvement and the additional involvement based on the child's diabetes.

Fathers' encounter of support from paediatric diabetes teams; the tension between general recommendations and personal experience.

The purpose of this grounded theory study was to explore and discuss how fathers involved in caring for a child with type 1 diabetes experienced support from Swedish paediatric diabetes teams (PDTs) in everyday life with their child. Eleven fathers of children with type 1 diabetes, living in Sweden and scoring high on involvement on the Parental Responsibility Questionnaire, participated. Data were collected from January 2011 to August 2011, initially through online focus group discussions in which 6 of 19 invited fathers participated.

Swedish pediatric diabetes teams' perception of fathers' involvement: A Grounded Theory study.

The purpose of this study was to analyze how Swedish pediatric diabetes teams perceived and discussed fathers' involvement in the care of their child with type 1 diabetes. It also aimed to discuss how the teams' attitudes towards the fathers' involvement developed during the data collection process. The Constructivist Grounded Theory design was used and data were collected during three repeated focus group discussions with three Swedish pediatric diabetes teams.

Parents' discursive resources: analysis of discourses in Swedish, Danish and Norwegian health care guidelines for children with diabetes type 1.

The incidence of diabetes type 1 in children, the most common metabolic disorder in childhood, increases worldwide, with highest incidence in Scandinavia. Having diabetes means demands in everyday life, and the outcome of the child's treatment highly depends on parents' engagement and involvement. The aim of this study was to explore and describe discourses in health care guidelines for children with diabetes type 1, in Sweden, Norway and Denmark during 2007-2010, with a focus on how parents were positioned.