PseudoSegRT: efficient pseudo-labelling for intraoperative OCT segmentation.

Purpose: Robotic ophthalmic microsurgery has significant potential to help improve the success of challenging procedures and overcome the physical limitations of the surgeon. Intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) has been reported for the visualisation of ophthalmic surgical manoeuvres, where deep learning methods can be used for real-time tissue segmentation and surgical tool tracking. However, many of these methods rely heavily on labelled datasets, where producing annotated segmentation datasets is a time-consuming and tedious task.

Blindness associated with platelet-rich plasma temporomandibular joint injections.

This case report highlights an ocular complication associated with platelet-rich plasma temporomandibular joint injections. This pioneering treatment can risk irreversible visual loss. This case highlights the importance of an experienced technique, in depth understanding of facial anatomy, and promptly recognising and referring the patient to a specialist to manage the complication should it arise.

Posterior vitreal detachment in decompression illness--case report and discussion.

We report a case of a healthy leisure diver presenting with simultaneous unilateral posterior vitreous detachment and decompression illness. The literature is reviewed for both conditions. There are no known publications associating these 2 entities and leads us to propose that nitrogen bubble formation could have contributed to the etiology of vitreal separation from the retina.

A prospective study of binocular visual function before and after successful surgery to remove a unilateral epiretinal membrane.

Objective: To examine the effect of a unilateral epiretinal membrane (uERM) on visual acuity, stereopsis, and motor fusion in patients before and after successful surgery to remove the membrane.

Design: Cohort study.

Participants: Twenty-seven consecutive patients undergoing surgery to remove an idiopathic uERM and 30 normal control subjects.

The Cataract National Dataset electronic multicentre audit of 55,567 operations: risk stratification for posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss.

Aims: To identify and quantify risk factors for posterior capsule rupture or vitreous loss or both (PCR or VL or both) during cataract surgery and provide a method of composite risk assessment for individual operations.

Methods: The Cataract National Dataset was extracted on 55,567 operations from 12 National Health Service (NHS) Trusts using an electronic patient record (EPR) system between November 2001 and July 2006. Risk indicators for variations in the rate of 'PCR or VL or both' were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: developments in pathogenesis and treatment.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy is an abnormal wound-healing response following retinal detachment and occurs in 5% to 10% of cases. It is now possible to treat this once-blinding condition. However, proliferative vitreoretinopathy still remains the most common cause of failure to reattach the retina.

Immunopathology of intraocular silicone oil: retina and epiretinal membranes.

Aims: To determine the inflammatory response in retina and epiretinal membranes after intraocular silicone oil tamponade.

Methods: 14 proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) epiretinal membranes, 33 retro-oil epiretinal membranes, 19 retinectomies, 14 retro-oil retinectomies and 37 idiopathic epiretinal membranes (controls) underwent immunohistochemical analysis using the avidin-biotin complex technique and a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The number of positive cells counted in five 0.

Immunopathology of intraocular silicone oil: enucleated eyes.

Aims: To characterise the distribution of silicone oil in ocular tissues in globes enucleated after complicated retinal detachment, and to document the distribution and nature of any associated inflammatory response.

Method: 9 enucleated globes that had previously undergone retinal detachment surgery with silicone oil and 7 control globes that had undergone enucleation after retinal detachment surgery (n = 2) or ocular trauma (n = 5) were studied. Sections were histologically examined using light microscopy to document the distribution of silicone oil in ocular tissues.

A comparison of HRT II and GDx imaging for glaucoma detection in a primary care eye clinic setting.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of the HRT II (Heidelberg retinal tomograph) and GDx (glaucoma detection) retinal nerve fibre analyzer in GDx when used in the primary care eye clinic setting for glaucoma screening.

Patients And Methods: The study was prospective, cross-sectional, and hospital-based. One-hundred and twelve patients, 59 women and 53 men with a mean age of 57.

A randomized controlled trial of combined 5-fluorouracil and low-molecular-weight heparin in management of established proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of a combination of 5-fluorouracil and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) to improve the outcome of surgery for established proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Design: Double-masked, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Setting: Three tertiary-referral teaching hospital vitreoretinal surgical units.

Resources involved in managing retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Purpose: To report the differences in cost of treatment and outcome in retinal detachment (RD) cases with and without proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: Analysis of clinical trial databases of RD observed in 190 eyes of 190 patients. Eyes were classified as no PVR, developing PVR, or established PVR.

Silicone oil concentrates fibrogenic growth factors in the retro-oil fluid.

Aim: To determine whether silicone oil concentrates protein and growth factors in the retro-oil fluid.

Methods: A laboratory analysis of intraocular fluid and vitreous specimens obtained from patients undergoing removal of silicone oil, revision vitrectomy, or primary vitrectomy for macular hole, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), or retinal detachment. Patients were prospectively recruited from routine vitreoretinal operating lists.

Long term outcome of secondary glaucoma following vitreoretinal surgery.

Purpose: To determine the long term outcome of secondary glaucoma following retinal reattachment surgery.

Method: A longitudinal retrospective study was undertaken of the medical records of patients referred to the Glaucoma Service at Moorfields Eye Hospital following retinal reattachment surgery. The main outcome measures were final intraocular pressure (IOP), progression in cup:disc ratio, and final visual acuity outcome.

Giant cell arteritis mimicking idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease.

Purpose: To report an unusual presentation of giant cell arteritis, referred from primary care, mimicking orbital apex syndrome.

Case Report: A 72 year old woman was referred with a two week history of pyrexia, dull right eye ache, 2mm of right proptosis, mild conjunctival chemosis and restriction of right eye movements.

Results: An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 90 and fluorescein angiography showed almost complete choroidal non-perfusion suggestive of giant cell arteritis.

Visual perception during phacoemulsification cataract surgery under topical and regional anaesthesia.

Purpose: To compare the subjective visual experiences of patients during phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation using regional and topical anaesthesia.

Design: A prospective, cohort, questionnaire-based study.

Methods: The study cohort consisted of 247 patients without pre-existing ocular pathology who underwent routine phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.

Same-day versus first-day review of intraocular pressure after uneventful phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To compare the incidence and the spectrum of postoperative complications detected when the intraocular pressure (IOP) is reviewed 4 to 6 hours or the day after uneventful phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Setting: Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Methods: The study cohort consisted of 141 patients who had uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation under regional (peribulbar/topical) or general anesthesia.

Simple retinal detachments: identifying the at-risk case.

The success rate of retinal reattachment surgery has now reached over 90%. The major cause of failure is attributable to the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). It is a complex process comprised of events that are similar to those of the wound healing response with inflammation, migration and proliferation of a variety of cells.