Usefulness of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools in Pediatric Dentistry.

: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) such as ChatGPT has developed rapidly in recent years, and in the medical field, its usefulness for diagnostic assistance has been reported. However, there are few reports of AI use in dental fields. : We created 20 questions that we had encountered in clinical pediatric dentistry, and collected the responses to these questions from three types of generative AI.

Inhibitory Effects of Surface Pre-Reacted Glass Ionomer Filler Eluate on in the Presence of Sucrose.

The surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) filler is a type of bioactive functional glass that releases six different ions. This study examined the effects of the S-PRG filler eluate on in the presence of sucrose. In a solution containing , the concentrations of BO, Al, Sr, and F were significantly higher in the presence of the S-PRG filler eluate than in its absence ( < 0.

Dental Abnormalities in Pediatric Patients Receiving Chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy is a common treatment for pediatric cancer. Although life prognosis is improving because of advances in medical science, it is important to deal with late effects such as dental abnormalities. We investigated the association between dental abnormalities and chemotherapy by age and tooth type.

High prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency before and early after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

Background And Objectives: Gastrectomy causes vitamin B-12 deficiency since vitamin B-12 requires gastric acid and intrinsic factor for its absorption. Vitamin B-12 deficiency is considered to develop years after gastrectomy because of large hepatic storage. However, most gastric cancer develops after long-standing atrophic gastritis with vitamin B-12 malabsorption.

Five-Year Follow-Up of a Child with Non-Syndromic Oligodontia from before the Primary Dentition Stage: A Case Report.

Background: Congenital absence of teeth is a major dental abnormality in pediatric dentistry and the absence of six or more teeth is defined as oligodontia. Few reports of patients with non-syndromic oligodontia without systemic disease have continued dental follow-up from an early age.

Methods: We performed the five-year follow-up from before the eruption of the primary dentition of a Japanese child with non-syndromic oligodontia and analyzed changes in dental arch growth.

A Third Supernumerary Tooth Occurring in the Same Region: A Case Report.

The presence of a supernumerary tooth is one of the most common dental anomalies, and surgical treatment is often required to address this anomaly. Moreover, it may lead to malocclusion, and long-term follow-up is important to monitor its status. A 4-year-and-11-month-old boy was referred to our hospital for dental caries treatment.

Myeloma Microenvironmental TIMP1 Induces the Invasive Phenotype in Fibroblasts to Modulate Disease Progression.

Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. TIMP1 is produced by cancer cells and has pleiotropic activities. However, its role and source in multiple myeloma (MM) are unclear.

Clinical significance of human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) in multiple myeloma progression.

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are retrotransposons that infect human germline cells and occupy 5-8% of the human genome. Their expression, though inhibited by mutation, deletion, and epigenetic mechanisms under normal conditions, is associated with diseases including cancer. This study aimed to clarify the association between HERVs and multiple myeloma (MM) progression.

The effect of improving oral health literacy among teachers on the oral health condition of primary schoolchildren in Cambodia.

Aim: In Cambodia, civil unrest has led to insufficient and inaccessible dental health services. Oral health education and awareness are lacking, thus childhood dental caries is highly prevalent. This study aimed to examine the effects of an oral health education programme for public primary school teachers on the pupils' oral health.

Dental radiographic information of term newborn babies within the first month: Analyzing five radiographic cases along with physical attributes in Japan.

Background: Although dental radiography is a valuable tool for age estimation in forensic anthropology and odontology, very limited radiological data are available regarding tooth development in healthy newborn babies during the first month of life.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the radiological findings of tooth development in babies aged 0 days to 1 month.

Design: We analyzed the postmortem findings of five newborn babies with no known natural cause of death who had undergone autopsy, computed tomography (CT), and dental radiography.

Three-year survey of oral hygiene conditions of Cambodian public primary school children.

Purpose: The purpose of this repeated cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of oral hygiene conditions in Cambodian primary school children.

Methods: Oral examinations were conducted on 2,020 school children (1st-6th grade) at a public primary school in Siem Reap, Cambodia from 2013 to 2015, focusing on plaque adhesion, gingiva, and dental calculus deposition. Data analysis was performed on 1,998 children without any missing data, and the chi-square test was used to compare the variables.

In Vivo Label-Free Observation of Tumor-Related Blood Vessels in Small Animals Using a Newly Designed Photoacoustic 3D Imaging System.

Photoacoustic (PA) technology can be used for non-invasive imaging of blood vessels. In this paper, we report on our prototype PA imaging system with a newly designed ultrasound sensor and its visualization performance of microvascular in animal. We fabricated an experimental system for animals using a high-frequency sensor.

A cross-sectional study of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate and graduate students in Japan.

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a state of emergency was declared in Japan and university classes were suspended, causing concern about the deterioration of the mental health of isolated students. This study aimed to understand students' mental health status during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggest measures to prevent depressive anxiety among them.

Method: Undergraduate and graduate students at one national and two private universities in the Kansai region were surveyed.

Diversification of a Fucosyllactose Transporter within the Genus .

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are natural bifidogenic prebiotics, were recently commercialized to fortify formula milk. However, HMO assimilation phenotypes of bifidobacteria vary by species and strain, which has not been fully linked to strain genotype. We have recently shown that specialized uptake systems, particularly for the internalization of major HMOs (fucosyllactose [FL]), are associated with the formation of a -rich gut microbial community.

Photoacoustic lymphangiography before and after lymphaticovenular anastomosis.

Background: Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat lymphedema. Volumetric measurements and quality-of-life assessments are often performed to assess the effectiveness of LVA, but there is no method that provides information regarding postoperative morphological changes in lymphatic vessels and veins after LVA. Photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL) is an optical imaging technique that visualizes the distribution of light-absorbing molecules, such as hemoglobin or indocyanine green (ICG), and provides three-dimensional images of superficial lymphatic vessels and the venous system simultaneously.

Contribution of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells to the Clearance of from Skin Wounds.

Chronic infections are considered one of the most severe problems in skin wounds, and bacteria are present in over 90% of chronic wounds. is frequently isolated from chronic wounds and is thought to be a cause of delayed wound healing. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, unique lymphocytes with a potent regulatory ability in various inflammatory responses, accelerate the wound healing process.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 agonist GSK1016790A improves neurological outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most severe subtypes of stroke with high morbidity and mortality. Although a lot of drug discovery studies have been conducted, the drugs with satisfactory therapeutic effects for motor paralysis after ICH have yet to reach clinical application. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a Ca-permeable cation channel and activated by hypoosmolarity and warm temperature, is expressed in various cell types.

Hepatitis B virus reactivation in a myeloma patient with resolved infection who received daratumumab-containing salvage chemotherapy.

A 72-year-old female complaining of back pain was diagnosed with IgG-κ multiple myeloma. After osteosynthesis for fracture of the left femoral shaft due to myeloma, she received bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisolone as an initial regimen for multiple myeloma, but discontinued it after three courses due to progressive disease. The patient subsequently received lenalidomide and dexamethasone as a second-line regimen for 2.

Subcutaneous Lymphatic Vessels in the Lower Extremities: Comparison between Photoacoustic Lymphangiography and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Lymphangiography.

Background Detailed visualization of the lymphatic vessels would greatly assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of lymphatic diseases and aid in preoperative planning of lymphedema surgery and postoperative evaluation. Purpose To evaluate the usefulness of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) for obtaining three-dimensional images of both lymphatic vessels and surrounding venules. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, the authors recruited healthy participants from March 2018 to January 2019 and imaged lymphatic vessels in the lower limbs.

Omental herniation through the esophageal hiatus: A rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction and its CT findings.

A man in his 60s visited the emergency department because of epigastric pain and vomiting. Noncontrast helical abdominal CT revealed a lipomatous mass on the right side of the lower esophagus. Caudal slices showed that the mass appeared to displace the gastric antrum causing gastric outlet obstruction.

[Experimental rodent models of chronic prostatitis: effect of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor on chronic pelvic-pain-related behavior].

Chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is commonly diagnosed in men younger than 50 years old. It is characterized by pelvic pain, voiding symptoms and sexual dysfunction. The considerable discomfort or pain experienced has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients and is a huge economic burden because of the high recurrence rate and the low cure rate.

A Randomized Phase II Study of S-1 Adjuvant Chemotherapy With or Without Hochu-ekki-to, a Japanese Herbal Medicine, for Stage II/III Gastric Cancer: The KUGC07 (SHOT) Trial.

A multicenter randomized phase II study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41) for reducing adverse reactions and increasing compliance with S-1 adjuvant therapy for advanced gastric cancer. The eligibility criteria were pathological stage II/III after R0 resection. Patients received adjuvant therapy with S-1 alone (group S) or S-1 with TJ-41 (group ST) for 1 year.

Real-time 3D Photoacoustic Visualization System with a Wide Field of View for Imaging Human Limbs.

A breast-specific photoacoustic imaging (PAI) system prototype equipped with a hemispherical detector array (HDA) has been reported as a promising system configuration for providing high morphological reproducibility for vascular structures in living bodies. To image the vasculature of human limbs, a newly designed PAI system prototype (PAI-05) with an HDA with a higher density sensor arrangement was developed. The basic device configuration mimicked that of a previously reported breast-specific PAI system.