Nutritional Status and Nutritional Management Implementation for Residents with Disabilities in Welfare Facilities: A Nationwide Survey in Japan.

In Japan, fees for nutritional management (NM) was introduced in April 2009 to improve nutritional care for persons with disabilities residing in welfare facilities. The present study aimed to clarify (1) the nutritional status as well as eating-related functions and behaviors of such residents and (2) status of incorporating claim fees for NM and oral maintenance in facilities supporting persons with disabilities. This cross-sectional study approached 2,510 welfare facilities for persons with disabilities across Japan.

Effect of High β-glucan Barley on Postprandial Blood Glucose and Insulin Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

The aim of our study was to investigate whether high β-glucan-containing barley (7.2 g per 100 g) improves postprandial plasma glucose levels and suppresses postprandial insulin levels during a meal tolerance test in type 2 diabetic patients. A meal tolerance test (500 kcal) was conducted using two types of test meals: a test meal with white rice (WR) alone (WR diet) and a test meal with WR mixed with 50% barley (BR diet) as staple food.

Effect of High β-glucan Barley on Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance: Assessment by Meal Tolerance Test and Continuous Glucose Monitoring System.

The effect of white rice (WR) mixed with high β-glucan-containing barley at 50% on improvement of postprandial blood glucose levels was assessed by meal tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in 15 healthy subjects with normal glucose tolerance (age 31.6 ± 12.9 years old, 4 males and 11 females).

Prevalence of Functional Constipation and Relationship with Dietary Habits in 3- to 8-Year-Old Children in Japan.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and effect of dietary habits on functional constipation in preschool and early elementary school children in Japan.

Study Design: A total of 3595 children aged 3 to 8 years from 28 nursery schools and 22 elementary schools in Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, were evaluated. The subjects were divided into a functional constipation group and a nonfunctional constipation group according to the Rome III criteria.