Angiotensin Receptor Blockers for Hypertension and Risk of Epilepsy.

Importance: Animal and human studies have suggested that the use of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be associated with a lower risk of incident epilepsy compared with other antihypertensive medications. However, observational data from the US are lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the association between ARB use and epilepsy incidence in subgroups of US patients with hypertension.

Peer mentoring in pharmacy programs: Recommendations for implementation based on a review of available literature.

Background: Stress experienced by pharmacy students is on the rise and is negatively impacting student success. Pharmacy accreditation standards encourage schools to promote student success and well-being. Peer to peer student support is a largely under-investigated strategy to address this.

Evaluation of peripheral and central olfactory regions by MRI in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Objectives: We investigated the peripheral and central smell regions in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) by cranial MRI.

Methods: In this retrospective study, cranial MRI images of 43 adult patients with IIH (Group 1) and 43 healthy adults without IIH (Group 2) were included. In both groups, peripheral [Olfactory bulb (OB) volume and Olfactory sulcus (OS) depth] and central smell regions (insular gyrus and corpus amygdala area, and thalamus volume) were measured in cranial MRI.

Evaluation of peripheral olfactory pathways in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to radiologically evaluate the olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth of adult patients diagnosed with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients over 18 years of age with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 66 healthy controls with normal thyroid function tests were included in the study. OB volume and OS depth measurements were performed using cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained from coronal T2-weighted images.

Peripheric smell regions in patients with semicircular canal dehiscence: An MRI evaluation.

Objectives: We investigated the peripheric smell regions in patients with semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) by cranial MRI.

Methods: In this retrospective study, cranial MRI images of 186 adult patients were included. Group 1 consisted of 83 adult patients with SCD.

Peripheric smell regions in patients with temporal and frontal lobe epilepsies: An MRI evaluation.

Objectives: We investigated peripheric smell regions of olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth in temporal and frontal lobe epilepsy patients by cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: In this retrospective study, cranial MRI images of 150 adult patients were included. Group 1 was consisted of 50 adult patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Pancreas and kidney changes in type 2 diabetes patients: the role of diffusion-weighted imaging.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to compare renal and pancreatic apparent diffusion-coefficient (ADC) values of diabetic patients and control subjects and to examine their potential association with several diabetes-related clinical parameters.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 sex- and age-matched patients were included in the study. Of them, 40 were patients with type 2 diabetes and 40 were nondiabetic participants.

Is there a relationship between high birth weight and umbilical vein diameter?

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between sonographical measurements of the umbilical cord and birth weight in 20-24 weeks of gestations.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 220 low-risk pregnant women between 20-24 gestational weeks. Biparietal diameter, head and abdominal circumference, and femur length were measured for anthropometric calculations.

A Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy of Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence in MDCT and MRI, and Coexistence with Tegmen Tympani Dehiscence.

 Tegmen tympani dehiscence in temporal multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and superior semicircular canal dehiscence may be seen together. We investigated superior semicircular canal dehiscence in temporal MDCT and temporal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).  In this retrospective study, 127 temporal MRI and MDCT scans of the same patients were reviewed.

Evaluation of the medial rectus muscle and optic nerve using strain and shear wave elastography in Graves' patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the elastic properties of the medial rectus muscle and optic nerve in Graves' patients without clinically apparent ophthalmopathy using strain elastography (SE) and shear wave elastography (SWE) and to determine whether these elastic properties could be used to aid in the diagnosis of the medial rectus muscle or optic nerve involvement.

Materials And Methods: Thirty participants diagnosed with Graves' disease without ophthalmopathy and 30 healthy volunteers (control group) were prospectively examined between November 2018 and August 2019. SE and SWE findings in both groups were compared using the χ test and the independent samples t test.

Assessment of the optic nerve using strain and shear-wave elastography in patients with pseudotumour cerebri.

Aim: To evaluate the optic nerve using strain elastography (SE) and shear-wave elastography (SWE) in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) patients in comparison to participants in the control group.

Materials And Methods: Eighty eyes were evaluated in 40 cases consisting of 20 IIH patients and 20 participants in the control group. This study was conducted using SE and SWE in addition optic nerve sonography measurements of participants in the IIH patient group and the control group.

Does Mastoid Pneumatization Affect Facial Canal Dimensions and Distances of Facial Tympanic Segment-Scutum and Lateral Semicircular Canal-Scutum?

Objectives: In the present study, we investigated whether mastoid pneumatization affects facial canal dimensions and distances of facial tympanic segment and scutum, and lateral semicircular (LSS) canal and scutum.

Methods: One hundred sixty-one temporal multidetector computed tomography scans were reviewed. Patients with unilateral sclerotic mastoid pneumatization (no aeration) (group 1, n = 81) and unilateral total mastoid pneumatization (100.

Sonoelastographic Evaluation of the Lower Lateral Nasal Cartilage Lateral Crus, Auricular Conchal Cartilage, and Costal Cartilage.

We investigated the sonoelastographic features of the lower lateral nasal cartilage lateral crus (LLNC-LC), auricular conchal cartilage (ACC), and costal cartilage (CC). In this prospective study, group 1 consisted of 60 participants (30 males and 30 females) between 18 and 35 years of age. Group 2 consisted of 60 participants (30 males and 30 females) between 35 and 50 years of age.

Can MDCT Scan of the Temporal Bone Looking at Pneumatization Predict Surgical Vulnerability of the Facial Nerve?

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the scutum-cochleariform process (CP) and scutum-promontorium distances according to the mastoid pneumatization condition.

Methods: Two hundred temporal multidetector computed tomography scans (90 males and 110 females) were evaluated retrospectively. The scutum-CP and scutum-promontorium distances were measured.

Clinical Controversy in Transplantation: Tacrolimus Versus Cyclosporine in Statin Drug Interactions.

To review the available literature that provides evidence for the absence of statin interactions with tacrolimus compared with cyclosporine. A literature search of PubMed was performed (1990 to June 2019) using the following search terms: , and . Clinical practice guidelines, article bibliographies, drug interaction database references, and product monographs were also reviewed.

Olfactory Fossa and New Angle Measurements: Lateral Lamella-Cribriform Plate Angle.

Objectives: The authors investigated the olfactory fossa (OF) in patients with unilateral nasal septal deviation (NSD) and presented the lateral lamella-cribriform plate angle (LLCPA).

Methods: Paranasal sinus computed tomography images of 300 adult subjects with unilateral NSD (111 males, 189 females) were evaluated retrospectively. Septal deviation angle (SDA), Keros Classification, OF depth and width, LLCPA; and orbital plate and cribriform plate (OPCP) distance were measured.

Evaluation of the optic nerve using strain and shear-wave elastography in pre-eclampsia.

Aim: To investigate the utility of strain elastography and shear-wave elastography for assessing optic nerve involvement in pre-eclampsia.

Material And Methods: A total of 120 eyes were evaluated in 60 cases consisting of 30 participants in the pre-eclamptic and 30 participants in the non-pre-eclamptic pregnant patient group. The findings of strain and shear-wave elastography, grey-scale sonography, and optical coherence tomography were compared between the groups.

Critical Stenosis of the Internal Carotid Artery: Variability in Vertebral Artery Diameters and Areas of Cerebral Chronic Infarction in Computed Tomography.

Objectives: We investigated unilateral and bilateral cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis according to the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) and the European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST).

Methods: We retrospectively investigated ICA stenosis on Head&Neck Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA); and their simultaneous brain computed tomography images were also evaluated. In unilateral ICA stenosis group (n=36), 17 of them had right ICA stenosis and 19 left ICA stenosis.

Is there a relationship between mastoid pneumatisation and facial canal dimensions?

Objective: To evaluate mastoid pneumatisation and facial canal dimensions.

Method: In this retrospective study, 169 multidetector computed tomography scans of temporal bone were reviewed. Facial canal dimensions were evaluated at the labyrinthine, tympanic and mastoid segments using axial and coronal multidetector computed tomography scans of temporal bone.

Is there a relationship between Onodi cell and optic canal?

Objectives: We investigated the relationship between Onodi cells and optic canal by paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNSCT).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 508 PNSCT (265 males and 243 females) was examined. Onodi cell presence, pneumatization types, optic canal types; and also sphenoid sinusitis and anterior clinoid process pneumatization were evaluated.

Evaluation of the Optic Nerve by Strain and Shear Wave Elastography in Patients With Migraine.

Objectives: To investigate the optic nerve's elastic properties using shear wave and strain elastography in patients with migraine compared to healthy individuals.

Methods: The migraine group consisted of 30 patients (16 with visual auras and 14 without auras) who had previously had a diagnosis of migraine. These were age and sex matched with healthy participants to form the control group.

Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in patients with Behçet's disease.

Objective: To investigate olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in patients with Behçet's disease, using magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: Cranial magnetic resonance imaging scans of 27 adults with Behçet's disease (10 males and 17 females) and 27 healthy controls were examined. Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth were measured on coronal, T2-weighted, spectral pre-saturation with inversion recovery sequences.

Radiological Variabilities in Subcoracoid Impingement: Coracoid Morphology, Coracohumeral Distance, Coracoglenoid Angle, and Coracohumeral Angle.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coracoid morphology, coracohumeral distance, coracoglenoid angle, and coracohumeral angle variabilities on subcoracoid impingement development using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 200 patients (87 males with mean age of 51.1±15.

Olfactory bulbus volume and olfactory sulcus depth in psychotic patients and patients with anxiety disorder/depression.

Objectives: In the present study, we investigated olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth of the psychotic patients (predominantly schizophrenia) and patients with anxiety disorder/depression.

Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively. Group 1 consisted of 30 psychotic patients (predominantly schizophrenia) (19 males and 11 females).

Role and impact of student pharmacists and a pharmacist on an international interprofessional medical brigade.

Background And Purpose: Colleges of pharmacy will be seeking new opportunities to provide student pharmacists with interprofessional and global experiences. The objectives of this paper are to describe an international experience to expand interprofessional and global pharmacy education and to evaluate the roles and impact of fourth-year pharmacy students and a pharmacist integrated into an interprofessional team on a medical brigade to Guatemala.

Educational Activity And Setting: In August 2014, two fourth-year student pharmacists and one pharmacist/professor joined a group of 26 pre-medical students from Boston College (BC), six medical doctors and a nursing assistant as part of a one-week medical brigade to Quetzaltenango, Guatemala.