Incidence and risk factors of parasitic myoma after laparoscopic myomectomy using uncontained power morcellation: Retrospective analysis of 87 patients who had a subsequent second laparoscopic surgery.

Aim: Studies on parasitic myomas after laparoscopic morcellation are mainly limited to case reports, and the incidence and risk factors have not yet been well-understood. We aimed to clarify the actual incidence and risk factors of parasitic myoma after laparoscopic myomectomy using uncontained power morcellation by reviewing cases with subsequent laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study included 87 patients who had laparoscopic myomectomy using uncontained power morcellation, followed by subsequent second laparoscopic surgery for gynecological disease between 2008 and 2021.

Transcriptomic profiling analysis of human endometrial stromal cells treated with autologous platelet-rich plasma.

Purpose: To clarify the mechanisms of intrauterine platelet-rich plasma (PRP) infusion that support embryo implantation in in vitro fertilization treatment.

Methods: Blood and endometrial samples were collected from four infertile women. Human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were cultured and passaged equally into four cell culture dishes in each patient.

Current state of management of struma ovarii and preoperative imaging features: A retrospective case series study of 18 patients at a single institution.

Aim: Even though 95% of struma ovarii are benign, it is often overtreated because of the difficulty to distinguish it from malignancy. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the current state of the preoperative diagnosis and the selection of the surgical procedure, and to improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy by retrospectively reviewing imaging findings.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical course and imaging characteristics of 18 patients who were diagnosed postoperatively with struma ovarii, pathologically, at our institution between 2015 and 2021.

Increasing number of implantation failures and pregnancy losses associated with elevated Th1/Th2 cell ratio.

Problem: We aimed to assess whether an imbalance of T-helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells contributes to implantation failure and pregnancy loss.

Method Of Study: In this cross-sectional study, 197 consecutive patients with a history of repeated implantation failure (RIF) after three or more embryo transfer (ET) cycles and/or recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) after two or more clinical pregnancy losses underwent Th cell testing. After excluding 42 women aged ≥44 and 9 with vitamin D supplementation, we recruited 146 women including 79 with RIF and 81 with RPL.

Analysis of the risk factors and treatment for repeated implantation failure: OPtimization of Thyroid function, IMmunity, and Uterine Milieu (OPTIMUM) treatment strategy.

Problem: What are the pregnancy outcomes after the OPtimization of Thyroid function, Immunity, and Uterine Milieu (OPTIMUM) treatment strategy in patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF)?

Method Of Study: Infertile women with a history of RIF after more than three embryo transfer (ET) cycles underwent implantation testing, including a hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy for CD138 immunostaining and bacterial culture, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D , interferon-γ-producing helper T (Th1) cell, IL-4-producing helper T (Th2) cell, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid peroxidase antibody, and thrombophilia screening between April 2017 and August 2018. We treated chronic endometritis with antibiotics, aberrant high Th1/Th2 cell ratios with vitamin D and/or tacrolimus intake, overt/subclinical hypothyroidism with levothyroxine, and thrombophilia with low-dose aspirin. Of the 116 RIF women, 88 women with 133 ET cycles were recruited from a questionnaire-based survey regarding pregnancy outcomes.

Incidences and risk factors of moderate-to-severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and severe hemoperitoneum in 1,435,108 oocyte retrievals.

Research Question: What are the risk factors affecting the incidences of moderate-to-severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and severe hemoperitoneum in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment cycles?

Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1,435,108 oocyte retrieval cycles among Japanese ART registry data between 2007 and 2015. The study included 11,378 cycles with moderate-to-severe OHSS, 1182 cycles with severe hemoperitoneum, including 27 cycles with both conditions, and 1,422,575 cycles without moderate-to-severe OHSS and severe hemoperitoneum.

Results: The incidences of moderate-to-severe OHSS and severe hemoperitoneum were 0.

The actions of resveratrol in decidualizing endometrium: acceleration or inhibition?†.

Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, is widely studied for its anti-inflammatory and antisenescent properties. Recently, two studies reported seemingly conflicting findings on the actions of resveratrol on decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). One study by Ochiai et al.

Effect of thyroxine treatment on pregnancy outcomes in infertile Japanese women with TSH levels between 2.5 μIU/mL and the upper reference limit: a retrospective study.

Recent randomized controlled studies have revealed that levothyroxine (LT4) treatment improves pregnancy outcomes only in infertile women with subclinical hypothyroidism who have thyroid autoantibodies (TAs), but not for those with high TSH levels within the normal range who have TAs. Here, we retrospectively investigated pregnancy outcomes in infertile Japanese women with 2.5 μIU/mL ≤ TSH < upper reference limit (URL).

Preconception resveratrol intake against infertility: Friend or foe?

Background: Resveratrol is an antiaging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and insulin-sensitizing natural polyphenolic compound. Growing evidence indicates that resveratrol has potential therapeutic effects in infertile women with diminished ovarian function, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or endometriosis. However, only one clinical trial in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles using resveratrol has ever been reported.

Analysis of 122 triplet and one quadruplet pregnancies after single embryo transfer in Japan.

Research Question: What is the prevalence of triplet and quadruplet pregnancies after single embryo transfer (SET) in Japan.

Design: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 274,605 pregnancies after 937,848 SET cycles in registered assisted reproductive technology (ART) data from the Japanese ART national registry database between 2007 and 2014. A questionnaire survey of ART centres was also conducted.

Influence of resveratrol supplementation on IVF-embryo transfer cycle outcomes.

Research Question: Does resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, affect IVF-embryo transfer outcomes?

Design: This single-centre, cross-sectional retrospective study was designed to compare the outcomes of embryo transfer cycles in women receiving resveratrol supplementation (200 mg/day) continuously (RES group) with a control group (non-RES group). Of 8686 embryo transfer cycles, 1409 cycles with poor prognostic factors were excluded, including cycles in women aged ≥43 years and those with poor-quality embryos. The RES group (204 cycles, 102 women) was compared with the non-RES group (7073 cycles, 2958 women).

Resveratrol inhibits decidualization by accelerating downregulation of the CRABP2-RAR pathway in differentiating human endometrial stromal cells.

Pregnancy critically depends on the transformation of the human endometrium into a decidual matrix that controls embryo implantation and placenta formation, a process driven foremost by differentiation and polarization of endometrial stromal cells into mature and senescent decidual cells. Perturbations in the decidual process underpin a spectrum of prevalent reproductive disorders, including implantation failure and early pregnancy loss, emphasizing the need for new therapeutic interventions. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol, widely used for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Combination Treatment of Preoperative Embryo Cryopreservation and Endoscopic Surgery (Surgery-ART Hybrid Therapy) in Infertile Women with Diminished Ovarian Reserve and Uterine Myomas or Ovarian Endometriomas.

Study Objective: To analyze the clinical outcomes of and predictive factors for the therapeutic effect of combination treatment of preoperative embryo cryopreservation and endoscopic surgery (surgery-assisted reproductive technology [ART] hybrid therapy) in infertile women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) with uterine fibroids and/or ovarian endometriomas.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Data from all patients who underwent surgery-ART hybrid therapy at Juntendo University Hospital and Sugiyama Clinic between 2014 and 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.

Vitamin D Regulates Maternal T-Helper Cytokine Production in Infertile Women.

Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is associated with reproductive failure. However, the relationship between VD and maternal immunity remains unclear. We investigated the clinical efficacy of VD in maternal T-helper (Th) cytokines in 276 infertile women and examined for Th1 and Th2 cells based on the deficient, insufficient, and sufficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]VD) levels (<12, 12⁻30, and >30 ng/mL, respectively).

Reprogramming of the retinoic acid pathway in decidualizing human endometrial stromal cells.

Upon breaching of the endometrial surface epithelium, the implanting embryo embeds in the decidualizing stroma. Retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A, is an important morphogen during embryonic and fetal development, although the role of the RA pathway in the surrounding decidual cells is not understood. Here we show that decidual transformation of human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) results in profound reprogramming of the RA signaling and metabolism pathways.