Mental health and timing of gender-related events among transgender and gender-diverse children and adolescents seeking gender-affirming consultation and care.

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth encounter unique challenges affecting their mental health, largely related to societal stigma and gender dysphoria. Limited research considers the specific needs of TGD youth. This study examined demographic and developmental factors, including the ages at which gender-related events occur, and their relationship to mental health among TGD youth seeking gender-affirming consultation and care (GACC).

Body composition, metabolic syndrome, and lifestyle in treatment-naïve gender-diverse youth in Israel.

Background: There is a scarcity of published studies evaluating transgender/gender-diverse youth before initiating gender-affirming hormones.

Aim: To study the body composition, metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and lifestyle habits in treatment-naïve transgender youth.

Methods: Cross-sectional study evaluating 153 transgender youth [median age 15.

Body Composition and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Transgender/Gender Diverse Adolescents and Young Adults.

The objective of this study was to examine the association of designated sex at birth, body composition, and gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) with the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (overweight/obesity, elevated blood pressure [BP], altered glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia) in transgender/gender diverse (TGD) adolescents and young adults. TGD individuals underwent body composition studies by bioelectrical impedance analysis according to designated sex at birth, and their muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) z-scores were calculated. Generalized estimating equations with binary logistic models ( = 326) were used to explore associations while adjusting for potential confounders.

Muscle-to-fat ratio in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in predicting glycaemic control and partial clinical remission.

Background: Advances in treatment could mitigate the expected adverse changes in the body composition of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Objectives: To examine the evolution of weight status and body composition and their association with glycaemic control and partial clinical remission in youth with T1D.

Methods: Ninety-nine participants with T1D (median age 9.

Body composition in children and adolescents with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the risk for components of metabolic syndrome: An observational study.

Background: Treated or untreated non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH) diagnosed in childhood could pose an increased risk of obesity and metabolic derangements in adolescence and early adulthood. We aimed to explore the interaction between muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) and components of metabolic syndrome in pediatric subjects with NCCAH.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Tel Aviv Medical Center from January 2018 to January 2022.

Sex differences in body composition in youth with type 1 diabetes and its predictive value in cardiovascular disease risk assessment.

Background: Women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are more susceptible than men to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Signs of increased risk may already appear among adolescent girls.

Objectives: We explored the contribution of body composition to the development of CVD risk factors among youth with T1D.

Symptoms and Glycemic Control in Young People With Type 1 Diabetes Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Observational Study.

Context: Data is needed regarding the effect of SARS-CoV-19 infection on young people with established type 1 diabetes. Identifying the disease outcomes, short and long-term sequelae may help to establish an evidence-based prevention and education policy for sick days management and DKA prevention.

Objective: This work aims to describe clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, adolescents, and young adults with established type 1 diabetes (T1D) and explore the effects of COVID-19 on glycemic control and disease course.

The Glycemic Response to Infant Formulas: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Commercial infant formulas attempt to imitate human milk's unique composition. However, lactose-free and milk protein-free formulas are often chosen due to medical reasons or personal preferences. The aim of this study was to determine the glycemic and insulinemic indices of a variety of infant formulas.

Effects of the COVID19 Pandemic on Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Adolescents' Mental Health.

We assessed the effects of the COVID19 lockdown on the mental health of transgender and gender non-conforming (TGN) youth (n = 18) vs cisgender youth (29 males; 29 females). Coronavirus Health Impact Survey (CRISIS) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used in an online study. No group differences were found in demographic variables and exposure to COVID19.

Blood pressure dynamics after pubertal suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs followed by estradiol treatment in transgender female adolescents: a pilot study.

Objectives: The benefits of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) in the treatment of central precocious puberty are well established, and their use is regarded as both safe and effective. Possible adverse effects on blood pressure (BP) and cardiac outcomes, body composition, bone health and brain development, however, continue to be of some concern. The aim of this study was to analyze BP changes in transgender female adolescents before and after receiving GnRHa and after adding estrogen treatment.

Adolescent Transgender Females Present Impaired Semen Quality That Is Suitable for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Even Before Initiating Gender-Affirming Hormone Treatment.

The present study aimed to determine the semen quality and cryopreservation outcomes among adolescent transgender females at the time of fertility preservation (FP) before initiating gender-affirming hormone (GAH) treatment. This retrospective cohort study included 26 adolescent transgender females who underwent FP in our Fertility Institute between 06/2013 and 10/2020. Pre-freezing semen parameters were compared to WHO 2010 reference values.

Adjustment of Insulin Pump Settings in Type 1 Diabetes Management: Advisor Pro Device Compared to Physicians' Recommendations.

Aims: To compare insulin dose adjustments made by physicians to those made by an artificial intelligence-based decision support system, the Advisor Pro, in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using an insulin pump and self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG).

Methods: This was a multinational, non-interventional study surveying 17 physicians from 11 countries. Each physician was asked to provide insulin dose adjustments for the settings of the pump including basal rate, carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios (CRs), and correction factors (CFs) for 15 data sets of pumps and SMBG of people with T1D (mean age 18.

Severe pediatric war trauma: A military-civilian collaboration from retrieval to repatriation.

Background: Modern conflicts take a disproportionate and increasing toll on civilians and children. Since 2013, hundreds of Syrian children have fled to the Israeli border. Severely injured children were triaged for military airborne transport and brought to civilian trauma centers in Israel.

Type 1 diabetes outcomes of children born in Israel of Eritrean asylum seekers.

Aims: Disparities in health outcomes in pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position (SEP) have been reported. We compared T1D characteristics between Eritrean status-less children living in Israel and native-born Israeli children.

Methods: This observational study compared 7 Eritrean and 28 Israeli children (< 8 years old at T1D diagnosis) who were diagnosed in a single diabetes center during 2015-2019.

Combined trans-stomal endotracheal approach to peri-stomal tracheal pathologies in children.

Importance: Peristomal pathologies in tracheostomized children are common and often difficult to treat. They may preclude decannulation even after the initial pathology that required tracheostomy had been resolved.

Objective: We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of combined direct laryngoscopy and trans-stomal endotracheal surgery in the treatment of pediatric peristomal pathologies.

Questioning the Value of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Children with Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency.

Background: Isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) is a relatively common disorder. Current diagnostic protocol requires a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the hypothalamus and the hypophysis to determine the cause after establishment of the diagnosis. This study aimed to examine the yield of brain MRI in the evaluation of children with IGHD and to define clinical and laboratory parameters that justify its performance.

Blood Pressure Dynamics After Pubertal Suppression with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogs Followed by Testosterone Treatment in Transgender Male Adolescents: A Pilot Study.

We analyzed blood pressure (BP) changes in transgender male adolescents treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) and after adding testosterone treatment. This was a retrospective pilot study. Outcome measures included systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) before and after GnRHa initiation and after adding testosterone.

Fertility preservation rates among transgender women compared with transgender men receiving comprehensive fertility counselling.

Research Question: What is the fertility preservation rate among transgender women who have received professional fertility counselling compared with transgender men?

Design: This retrospective cohort study included 56 transgender women and 56 transgender men referred for comprehensive fertility counselling at the Gender Clinic of the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center's Fertility Institute between January 2017 and April 2019. Statistical analyses were performed to compare transgender men with transgender women who preserved fertility and transgender people who preserved fertility and those that did not.

Results: The fertility preservation rate of transgender women was significantly higher than that of transgender men (85.

Association between age at type 1 diabetes diagnosis and metabolic outcome at young adulthood: a real-life observational study.

Background: Younger age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) may affect the clinical course and outcome. We examined whether age at diagnosis was associated with glycemic control and metabolic outcome in young adulthood.

Methods: This observational study included 105 young adults with T1D (current mean age: 21.

Oocyte retrieval outcomes among adolescent transgender males.

Purpose: To compare fertility preservation (FP) outcomes among adolescent transgender males with those of cisgender females.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included nine adolescent transgender males and 39 adolescent cisgender females who underwent FP between January 2017-April 2019 and September 2013-April 2019, respectively. The transgender males were referred before initiating testosterone, and the cisgender females were referred due to cancer diagnosis before starting anticancer treatment.

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH GENDER DYSPHORIA IN ISRAEL: INCREASING REFERRAL AND FERTILITY PRESERVATION RATES.

To describe patient characteristics at presentation, management, and fertility preservation rates among a cohort of Israeli children and adolescents with gender dysphoria (GD). We performed a retrospective chart review of 106 consecutive children and adolescents with GD (<18 years) referred to and followed at the multidisciplinary Israeli Pediatric Gender Dysphoria Clinic from March 2013 through December 2018. Of the 106 patients, 10 were prepubertal (9 prepubertal transgender females), and 96 were pubertal (38 pubertal transgender females).

WOMEN WITH NONCLASSIC CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA HAVE GENDER, SEXUALITY, AND QUALITY-OF-LIFE FEATURES SIMILAR TO THOSE OF NONAFFECTED WOMEN.

Females with the severe classic forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia reportedly have a higher frequency of atypical gender identity, nonheterosexual sexual relationships, and cross-gender role behavior. Comparable data and quality-of-life measures among those with the milder, more prevalent form, nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, are scarce. We aimed to assess health-related quality of life, gender identity, role, and sexual orientation in women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia via a prospective, questionnaire-based, case-control study.

Higher C-peptide levels and glucose requirements may identify neonates with transient hyperinsulinism hypoglycemia who will benefit from diazoxide treatment.

The aim of the study was to characterize factors that may serve as clinical tools to identify neonates with transient neonatal hyperinsulinism hypoglycemia (HH) who may benefit from diazoxide treatment. This retrospective study included 141 neonates with transient HH (93 males) of whom 34 (24%) were treated with diazoxide. Diazoxide treatment was started at median age of 13 days (range 5-35) and discontinued at median age of 42 days (range 14-224).

HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH NONCLASSIC CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA.

Nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH) is a late-onset milder form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia that differs dramatically from the classic form. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in pediatric patients with the sole diagnosis of NCCAH has not been determined; therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine whether HRQOL is compromised in comparison to the general population. Single-center, cross-sectional, case-control study.

Adrenal crises in children with adrenal insufficiency: epidemiology and risk factors.

The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiology and risk factors of adrenal crises (AC) in children with adrenal insufficiency (AI). Children diagnosed with AI between 1990 and 2017 at four Israeli pediatric endocrinology units were studied. Demographic and clinical data were retrieved retrospectively from their files.