[Factors associated with cancer risk perception among high school sophomores: an analysis of national survey data based on a cancer education logic model to promote cancer control].

Objective　Using a nationwide survey of cancer education outcomes that contribute to cancer control, this study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes of cancer education associated with students' perceptions of cancer risk.Methods　An online survey was administered to second-year high school students between September and December 2022. The participants were asked about two basic attributes and 33 short-term outcome measures, as shown in the cancer education logic model.

Science behind children's handwashing: action study of 9- to 10-years-old elementary school students in Japan.

Background: Hand washing instructions for children have been implemented in school education to establish good lifestyle habits. However, repeated hand washing through education from early childhood was common for both teachers and children. If this continues, children might assume they already know how to wash their hands, stop taking handwashing instructions seriously, and become increasingly lax about washing their hands.

The Effect of a Learning Partner Model-Based Program on Spreading Cancer Prevention Knowledge Using Community Health Volunteers in Japan.

Objectives: This study examines the implementation and short-term effects of a Learning Partner Model (LPM)-based educational program on cancer prevention and control information for community health volunteers in Japan.

Methods: The program was undertaken by 3 local governments in collaboration with a government initiative and offered a 90-min group workshop to community health volunteers. Community health volunteers (primary participants) recruited in turn friend or family members (secondary participants) with whom they were prepared to share the content of the workshop with the help of printed materials received in the workshop.

Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence in Japanese Elderly Women.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to clarify risk factors of urinary incontinence (UI) in elderly Japanese women.

Methods: We randomly selected 1600 women, aged between 65 and 74 years, from the resident registration of Sapporo City and we analyzed 746 women, who responded twice on surveys in 2010 and 2011. UI was defined as frequent UI when it occurred at least once a week in both 2010 and 2011.

A prospective study of factors associated with risk of turnover among care workers in group homes for elderly individuals with dementia.

Objectives: A prospective study was conducted to assess factors associated with risk of turnover among care workers in group homes (GHs) for elderly individuals with dementia.

Methods: In January, 2010, 51 out of 238 GHs in Sapporo City responded to our request for participation in a survey. During February and March of 2010, 438 out of 700 care workers (62.

[Assessing weight and other factors associated with the urinary incontinence of elderly women: a cross-sectional study].

Objectives: Urination diseases--particularly urinary incontinence (UI)--strongly affect individuals' quality of life (QOL). It is important to maintain overall QOL in societies with an increasing number of long-living elderly people, such as in Japan. Thus, this study aims to clarify the risk factors concerning UI in elderly women.

A cross-sectional study on association of work environment, coping style, and other risk factors with depression among caregivers in group homes in Japan.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the potential association between work environment and/or stress coping ability, and depressive status among caregivers working for "group homes (GHs)" in Japan. In January 2010, 438 out of 700 caregivers working at GHs in Sapporo City returned completed questionnaires to us. The questionnaires consisted of the Center of Epidemiological Scales-Depression, items about worker's attributions, Ozeki's coping scale, and so on.

Relationship of hobby activities with mortality and frailty among community-dwelling elderly adults: results of a follow-up study in Japan.

Background: The proportion of Japanese adults aged 65 years or older is predicted to increase; thus, it is becoming more important to identify factors that influence health status among elderly adults in Japan. We conducted a follow-up study of community-dwelling elderly adults to assess the relationship of hobby activities with mortality and incident frailty.

Methods: We randomly selected 3583 individuals aged 65 to 84 years from the residential registries of 7 study areas in Hokkaido, Japan in August 2007.

What is a common factor in different areas?: The case of depression among caregivers of the frail elderly in Sapporo and Kochi, Japan.

Aim: Depression affecting caregivers is a risk factor for discontinuing at-home care. The present cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate factors related to depression among family caregivers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate factors related to depression among family caregivers of the frail elderly.

Dietary intake of six minerals in relation to the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

To investigate the relationship between dietary intake of minerals and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a case-control study was conducted in central Japan. A total of 278 referred patients (244 men and 34 women) aged 50-75 years with COPD diagnosed within the past four years and 340 community-based controls undertook spirometric measurements of lung function. A structured questionnaire was administered face-to-face to obtain information on demographics and habitual food consumption.

Confounding in evaluating the effectiveness of influenza vaccine.

Confounding is a kind of bias which occurs in a research. Confounding is less frequent in randomized controlled trials (RCT) for evaluation of influenza vaccines. However, there are obstacles or difficulties in conducting RCT for evaluation of influenza vaccines, particularly, in the elderly people.

Ecological studies on influenza infection and the effect of vaccination: their advantages and limitations.

Ecological studies lack the ability to control for the effects of confounding factors. The findings of a linear relationship between average exposure and disease frequency in ecological studies do not imply that such a linear relationship will be present at the individual levels. This is known as the 'ecological fallacy'.

Comparison of the clinical features of Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in 1999 and 2004: utilization of clinical data when patients applied to receive public financial aid.

Background: In Asia there are few reports considering time intervals in the examination of clinical features of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Therefore, we tried to compare the characteristics of patients with PBC in two different years.

Methods: In two fiscal years (1999 and 2004), 9,761 and 13,142 patients with symptomatic PBC were registered to receive public financial aid from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, respectively.

Smoking, drinking, sleeping habits, and other lifestyle factors and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in Japanese females: findings from the KYSS study.

Many risk factors have been proposed for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, there is little information about the relationship between lifestyles and SLE in Japan. Two case control studies were conducted in Kyushu, southern Japan, and in Hokkaido, northern Japan, to examine the relationship between lifestyles and development of SLE in females.

Factors related to institutionalization among the frail elderly with home-visiting nursing service in Japan.

A dramatic increase in the number of elderly people in Japan has led to a concurrent increase in the number of frail elderly in need of care. It is estimated that the number of frail elderly will reach 3.9 million by the year 2010.

[Burden among caregivers of the frail elderly and its correlation with the introduction of a long-term care insurance system for the elderly in fourth year].

The present study was conducted in October 2003 to investigate the factors related to psychological stress and the heavy burden of caregivers taking care of frail elderly persons in the northern part of the Onga district, Fukuoka Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. A total of 40 caregivers were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire involving the Japanese version of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (J-ZBI) and thus described their own caregiving situation. J-ZBI research had been done on a yearly basis for the previous 5 years and the results of each investigation regarding Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and incidence of depression, ADL and dementia were compared prior to and after initiation of public long term care insurance for the elderly (LTCI).