Public support in the United States for global equity in vaccine pricing.

Global vaccine prices that are tiered across countries, equitable for poorer countries, and profitable for manufacturers (TEP) can promote global vaccine equity but its implementation may require political will and public support in rich countries. A survey experiment with a demographically representative sample of US adults was conducted between April and May 2021 to investigate public support for TEP and the likelihood of collective agreement on TEP relative to alternative global vaccine pricing strategies. The experiment varied vaccine cost and provision of information about the importance of equity and profitability considerations in global vaccine pricing across eight treatment conditions.

Relationship between expression mRNA gene Treg, Treg, CD4, and CD8 protein levels with TST in tuberculosis children: A nested case-control.

Background: The ability of to survive intracellularly, provides a cellular adaptive immune response played by specific T cells to defend against tuberculosis. The adaptive immune response to Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) immunization is responded to by B cells, T Follicular B helper, T regulatory, restriction CD1, CD8, CD4, Th1, Th2, and Th17. BCG immunization can cause a tuberculin test reaction to being positive.

Gender Bias in Parental Attitude: An Experimental Approach.

Parental bias toward children of a particular gender has been widely observed in many societies. Such bias could be due to pure gender preference or differences in earning opportunities and concern for old-age support. We conduct a high-stakes allocation task (subjects allocate the equivalent of one day's wages between male and female school-aged students) in rural Bangladesh to examine parental attitudes toward male and female children.

Ki-67 Expression by Immunohistochemistry and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction as Predictor of Clinical Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer.

Background: Chemotherapy has become a standard of treatment in managing breast cancer. To achieve proper treatment for the right patients, the predictive marker is needed. Ki-67 is a biomarker of proliferation for solid tumor.

The Profile of MMP-9, MMP-9 mRNA Expression, -1562 C/T Polymorphism and Outcome in High-risk Traumatic Brain Injury: The Effect of Therapeutic Mild Hypothermia.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mild hypothermia therapy (34-36°C) and the alterations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in 20 patients with high-risk traumatic brain injury (TBI). The neurologic status and outcome were assessed using Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). A prospective randomized control study involved patients with high-risk TBI (FOUR score ≤ 7).

Age at migration, language proficiency, and socioeconomic outcomes: evidence from Australia.

This study estimates the causal effects of language proficiency on the economic and social integration of Australian immigrants. Identifying the effects of languages on socioeconomic outcomes is inherently difficult owing to the endogeneity of language skills. Using the phenomenon that younger children learn languages more easily than older children, we construct an instrumental variable for language proficiency.

Do fertility control policies affect health in old age? Evidence from China's one-child experiment.

How do fertility control policies contribute to the welfare of women, and their husbands, particularly as they get older? We consider whether the reduction in fertility resulting from population control policies has had any effect on the health of elderly parents in China. In particular, we examine the influence of this fertility decline, experienced due to China's one-child policy, on several measures of the health of parents in middle and old age. Overall, our results suggest that having fewer children has a positive effect on self-reported parental health but generally no effect on other measures of health.