Gut fungal profile in new onset treatment-naïve ulcerative colitis in Saudi children.

Background: Although the role of fungi in gut inflammation in IBD has been suggested, data are still limited in ulcerative colitis (UC). Our aim was to describe the gut fungal profile in a pediatric UC in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Fecal samples from children with UC and control samples provided by healthy school children were collected.

Bacterial dysbiosis in newly diagnosed treatment naïve pediatric ulcerative colitis in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The role of microbiota in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been increasingly recognized. However, most of the reports are from Western populations. In Middle Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia, little is known about the role of microbiota.

Clinical profile of functional constipation in Saudi children.

Background: Functional constipation (FC) is a common condition in children, and information on the clinical characteristics of FC in Saudi children is scarce.

Objective: Describe the clinical profile of FC in Saudi children.

Design: Retrospective.

Gut microbiota predicts the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis in Saudi children.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory condition with a worldwide distribution. Although the etiology of this disease is still unknown, the understanding of the role of the microbiota is becoming increasingly strong.

Aim: To investigate the predictive power of the gut microbiota for the diagnosis of UC in a cohort of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve Saudi children with UC.

Multichannel intraesophageal impedance with pH metry in Saudi children.

Background: Multichannel Intraesophageal Impedance with pH (MII-pH) provides complete characterization of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The aim of this study was to report our experience in this relatively new technique, emphasizing the challenges in the performance and interpretation of the results.

Methods: The study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital at King Saud University in Riyadh.

Intestinal fungal profile in healthy Saudi children.

Background And Study Aim: Fungi have a well-established role in medicine. Herein, we describe the fungal profile and abundance in the gut of healthy Saudi children.

Patients And Methods: Fecal samples from a random sample of 20 school-age Saudi children were collected, stored at -80 °C, and dispatched to the laboratory in the USA where fungal DNAs were isolated and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed.

Frequency and predictive factors for spontaneous normalization of anti-tissue transglutaminase-IgA serology among Saudi children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cohort study.

Background: Celiac serology can be transiently elevated in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and normalized despite gluten consumption. This study aimed to identify the frequency and predictive factors of spontaneous normalization of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG-IgA) antibodies in these patients.

Methods: The charts of all patients (≤18 years) with T1DM were retrospectively reviewed from 2012 to 2021 at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Gut microbiota predicts the diagnosis of celiac disease in Saudi children.

Background: Celiac disease (CeD) is a multisystem immune-mediated multifactorial condition strongly associated with the intestinal microbiota.

Aim: To evaluate the predictive power of the gut microbiota in the diagnosis of CeD and to search for important taxa that may help to distinguish CeD patients from controls.

Methods: Microbial DNA from bacteria, viruses, and fungi, was isolated from mucosal and fecal samples of 40 children with CeD and 39 controls.

Cost effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus warfarin among nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients in Saudi Arabia: A Single-Center retrospective cohort study.

Background: Rivaroxaban is a novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC) that is commonly used for stroke prevention among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, its cost effectiveness in reducing the risk of hospitalization and mortality in comparison to warfarin among nonvalvular AF patients in Saudi Arabia is largely unknown.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective chart review of adult patients (≥18 years) with nonvalvular AF who were treated with warfarin or rivaroxaban for at least 12 months.

Microbiota profile of new-onset celiac disease in children in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Intestinal dysbiosis has been reported to be associated with celiac disease (CeD) in Western populations but little is known in other populations who have different dietary lifestyle and genetic background. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a different microbiota profile is associated with CeD in children in Saudi Arabia.

Results: Forty children with CeD, 20 healthy controls, and 19 non-CeD controls were enrolled.

Fungal Dysbiosis in Children with Celiac Disease.

Background: Although intestinal fungi are known to interact with the immune system, the relationship between intestinal fungi and childhood celiac disease (CeD), an immune-mediated condition, has rarely been reported.

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe gut fungal profiles in a cohort of children with new-onset CeD.

Methods: Mucosal and fecal samples were collected from children with CeD and controls and subjected to metagenomics analysis of fungal microbiota communities.

Bacterial dysbiosis predicts the diagnosis of Crohn's disease in Saudi children.

Background: Studies have reached different conclusions regarding the accuracy of dysbiosis in predicting the diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this report is to assess the utility of mucosal and fecal microbial dysbiosis as predictors in the diagnosis of this condition in Saudi children.

Methods: Tissue and fecal samples were collected prospectively from children with final diagnosis of CD and from controls.

Ipomoea hederacea Jacq.: A plant with promising antihypertensive and cardio-protective effects.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Seeds of Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. (family: Convolvulaceae) are traditionally used to treat high blood pressure and cardiac diseases.

Aim Of The Study: Present study was conducted to validate the traditional claim and explore the possible mechanism(s) of antihypertensive effects of I.

Prevalence of nutritional disorders in Saudi children with inflammatory bowel disease based on the national growth reference.

Background And Study Aim: The prevalence of nutritional disorders in Saudi children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) has been reported using the World Health Organization (WHO) reference. Our aim was to provide more accurate definition of the prevalence of nutritional impairment in Saudi children with IBDs based on the national growth reference and to demonstrate the effect of using a reference from other populations on the prevalence rates.

Patients And Methods: Weight, height, and body mass index data, from the multicenter study of IBDs in Saudi children and adolescents, were plotted on the new Saudi national growth reference.

Regional variation of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Saudi Arabia: Results from a multicenter study.

Background: Incidence and severity variations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been reported from Western populations between continents and regions of the same countries. However, no data were available from other countries.

Aim: To investigate the regional differences in the IBD profiles of pediatric patients from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Role of the NO/cGMP pathway and renin-angiotensin system in the hypotensive and diuretic effects of aqueous soluble fraction from Crataegus songarica K. Koch.

Ethno-pharmacological Relevance: Fruits of Crataegus songarica K. Koch. (Rosaceae) are commonly used in folk medicine for their diuretic properties to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Antifungals in a case of basidiobolomycosis: role and limitations.

A 10-year-old Saudi boy was diagnosed to have basidiobolomycosis after a stormy course of his ailment. Therapy was initiated with intravenous antifungal, voriconazole, which was well tolerated for 6 weeks except for local excoriation at the site of ileostomy. He developed drug-induced hepatitis on oral voriconazole, therefore, switched to oral itraconazole following which he experienced severe chest pain.

Diagnostic delay of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Saudi Arabia.

Background/aim: Delay in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with complications. Our aim was to describe the pattern and risk factors associated with delay in the diagnosis of IBD in Saudi children.

Patients And Methods: This was a multicenter study with a retrospective/prospective design.

Ribes orientale: A novel therapeutic approach targeting rheumatoid arthritis with reference to pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory enzymes and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The roots of Ribes orientale (Family Grossulariaceae) have long been used as a folk remedy to treat rheumatism and joints pain in Northern Areas of Pakistan.

Aim Of The Study: The purpose of study was to observe the preventive efficacy of roots of Ribes orientale (RO) aqueous ethanolic extract (30:70) and its aqueous and n-butanol fractions in treating rheumatoid arthritis and to determine its possible mechanism of action.

Material And Methods: Arthritis was evaluated in vitro using heat induced bovine serum albumin and egg albumin denaturation and membrane stabilizing assays at 50-6400 μg/ml concentration of extract/fractions whereas, in vivo arthritis was evaluated at 50, 100, 200 mg/kg doses of extract/fractions in formaldehyde model by measuring rat paw volume/diameter.

Amelioration of adjuvant induced arthritis in Sprague Dawley rats through modulation of inflammatory mediators by Ribes alpestre Decne.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ribes alpestre Decne has been commonly used in the treatment of joint complaints.

Aim Of Study: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antiarthritic potential of ethanolic extract and fractions of Ribes alpestre and to explore its probable mechanism of action.

Material And Methods: Complete Freunds adjuvant induced arthritis in Sprague Dawley rats was used to assess antiarthritic activity of aqueous ethanol extract, butanol and aqueous fractions at 200 mg/kg oral dose for 28 days.

Inhibitory effects of Clematis orientalis aqueous ethanol extract and fractions on inflammatory markers in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Clematis orientalis Linn has long been used as ethnopharmacy for the treatment of arthritis. This study is intended to evaluate the curative efficacy of Clematis orientalis in treating polyarthritis in rats. Aqueous ethanolic extract and fractions (hexane, butanol and aqueous) were administered orally at 200 mg/kg for 28 days after CFA immunization.

Indigenous medicinal plants of Pakistan used to treat skin diseases: a review.

Ethno-pharmacological Relevance: Plants are providing reliable therapy since time immemorial. Pakistan has a great diversity in medicinal flora and people use these ethno-medicines to deal with many skin problems. This review explores the fundamental knowledge on various dermatological properties of medicinal plants of Pakistan and is aimed to provide a baseline for the discovery of new plants having activities against skin issues.