Mapping Research Trends in One Health: A Comprehensive Review.

The One Health approach, which emphasizes the interconnection between human, animal, plant, and environmental health, has gained significant attention as a framework for addressing global health challenges. This study presents a thorough bibliometric analysis of One Health research, utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection database, covering the period from 1989 to 2024. The analysis uncovers a substantial increase in scientific output over the years, reflecting the growing importance of this interdisciplinary field.

Malolactic fermentation in lingonberry juice and its use as a preservative.

Lingonberry is a common wild berry that is often sold as jams and beverages. It naturally contains high amounts of the weak acid preservative benzoic acid making it an interesting ingredient for shelf-life extension. Despite this, their use as a raw ingredient is limited by the inherently intense sour taste.

Composition of soil mesofauna in changing cropping systems due to urbanization in Bengaluru, India.

The study focused on the composition of soil mesofauna within changing cropping systems influenced by urbanization in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India during the rabi season of 2020 (October)-2021 (February). Four major cropping systems, namely pulses (red gram), vegetables (tomato and ridge gourd), horticulture (grapes and chickoo), and agriculture + horticulture crops, (coconut + fodder plantation), were examined across urban, peri-urban, and rural zones in Bengaluru. The research uncovered a total of 714 individuals belonging to 16 different soil mesofauna taxa among the crops studied.

Mindfulness based stress reduction among substance abuse patients at de-addiction center.

It is of interest to investigate the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program on stress and salivary cortisol among substance abuse patients. There were 60 drug addicts who were receiving treatment at the addiction centre. Samples are divided into 30 drug abuse patient experimental and 30 substance abuse patient control groups using the simple random sampling approach.

Preferences of healthcare workers using tongue swabs for tuberculosis diagnosis during COVID-19.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) who come into contact with tuberculosis (TB) patients are at elevated risk of TB infection and disease. The collection and handling of sputum samples for TB diagnosis poses exposure risks to HCWs, particularly in settings where aerosol containment is limited. An alternative sample collection method, tongue swabbing, was designed to help mitigate this risk, and is under evaluation in multiple settings.

Overcoming the Miscibility Gap of GaN/InN in MBE Growth of Cubic InGaN.

The lack of internal polarization fields in cubic group-III nitrides makes them promising arsenic-free contenders for next-generation high-performance electronic and optoelectronic applications. In particular, cubic InGaN semiconductor alloys promise band gap tuning across and beyond the visible spectrum, from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared. However, realization across the complete composition range has been deemed impossible due to a miscibility gap corresponding to the amber spectral range.

Clinical improvement of DM1 patients reflected by reversal of disease-induced gene expression in blood.

Background: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an incurable multisystem disease caused by a CTG-repeat expansion in the DM1 protein kinase (DMPK) gene. The OPTIMISTIC clinical trial demonstrated positive and heterogenous effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the capacity for activity and social participations in DM1 patients. Through a process of reverse engineering, this study aims to identify druggable molecular biomarkers associated with the clinical improvement in the OPTIMISTIC cohort.

An open-source automated magnetic optical density meter for analysis of suspensions of magnetic cells and particles.

We present a spectrophotometer (optical density meter) combined with electromagnets dedicated to the analysis of suspensions of magnetotactic bacteria. The instrument can also be applied to suspensions of other magnetic cells and magnetic particles. We have ensured that our system, called MagOD, can be easily reproduced by providing the source of the 3D prints for the housing, electronic designs, circuit board layouts, and microcontroller software.

Extremely low-energy ARPES of quantum well states in cubic-GaN/AlN and GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures.

Quantum well (QW) heterostructures have been extensively used for the realization of a wide range of optical and electronic devices. Exploiting their potential for further improvement and development requires a fundamental understanding of their electronic structure. So far, the most commonly used experimental techniques for this purpose have been all-optical spectroscopy methods that, however, are generally averaging in momentum space.

Clinical Outcome Evaluations and CBT Response Prediction in Myotonic Dystrophy.

Background: The European OPTIMISTIC clinical trial has demonstrated a significant, yet heterogenous effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients. One of its remaining aims was the assessment of efficacy and adequacy of clinical outcome measures, including the relatively novel primary trial outcome, the DM1-Activ-c questionnaire.

Objectives: Assessment of the relationship between the Rasch-built DM1-Activ-c questionnaire and 26 commonly used clinical outcome measurements.

A Chemoselective and Scalable Transfer Hydrogenation of Aryl Imines by Rapid Continuous Flow Photoredox Catalysis.

The chemoselective reduction of diaryl imines in the presence of competitively reducible groups is uniquely accessed through precise control of reaction and irradiation time by continuous flow visible light photoredox catalysis. The method enables the mild and efficient transfer hydrogenation of diaryl imines in the presence of sensitive functionality including halides, ester, ketone, and cyano groups. The flow protocol is efficient, rapid (>98% conversion within 9 min) and readily scaled to deliver multigram quantities of amine products in high purity.

Rapid expansion of Greenland's low-permeability ice slabs.

In recent decades, meltwater runoff has accelerated to become the dominant mechanism for mass loss in the Greenland ice sheet. In Greenland's high-elevation interior, porous snow and firn accumulate; these can absorb surface meltwater and inhibit runoff, but this buffering effect is limited if enough water refreezes near the surface to restrict percolation. However, the influence of refreezing on runoff from Greenland remains largely unquantified.

Greenland Ice Sheet surface melt amplified by snowline migration and bare ice exposure.

Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss has recently increased because of enhanced surface melt and runoff. Since melt is critically modulated by surface albedo, understanding the processes and feedbacks that alter albedo is a prerequisite for accurately forecasting mass loss. Using satellite imagery, we demonstrate the importance of Greenland's seasonally fluctuating snowline, which reduces ice sheet albedo and enhances melt by exposing dark bare ice.

Direct measurements of meltwater runoff on the Greenland ice sheet surface.

Meltwater runoff from the Greenland ice sheet surface influences surface mass balance (SMB), ice dynamics, and global sea level rise, but is estimated with climate models and thus difficult to validate. We present a way to measure ice surface runoff directly, from hourly in situ supraglacial river discharge measurements and simultaneous high-resolution satellite/drone remote sensing of upstream fluvial catchment area. A first 72-h trial for a 63.

Safety and Immunogenicity of Newborn MVA85A Vaccination and Selective, Delayed Bacille Calmette-Guerin for Infants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Mothers: A Phase 2 Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Background: Vaccination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected infants with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is contraindicated. HIV-exposed newborns need a new tuberculosis vaccination strategy that protects against tuberculosis early in life and avoids the potential risk of BCG disease until after HIV infection has been excluded.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized, controlled trial compared newborn MVA85A prime vaccination (1 × 108 PFU) vs Candin® control, followed by selective, deferred BCG vaccination at age 8 weeks for HIV-uninfected infants and 12 months follow-up for safety and immunogenicity.

Spatiotemporal variability in surface energy balance across tundra, snow and ice in Greenland.

The surface energy balance (SEB) is essential for understanding the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system in the Arctic. In this study, we investigate the spatiotemporal variability in SEB across tundra, snow and ice. During the snow-free period, the main energy sink for ice sites is surface melt.

Modeling of subglacial hydrological development following rapid supraglacial lake drainage.

Unlabelled: The rapid drainage of supraglacial lakes injects substantial volumes of water to the bed of the Greenland ice sheet over short timescales. The effect of these water pulses on the development of basal hydrological systems is largely unknown. To address this, we develop a lake drainage model incorporating both (1) a subglacial radial flux element driven by elastic hydraulic jacking and (2) downstream drainage through a linked channelized and distributed system.

A controlled trial of sputum induction and routine collection methods for TB diagnosis in a South African community.

The diagnostic yield of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) by sputum induction (SI) at the first point of contact with health services, conducted in all patients with suspected TB regardless of the ability to expectorate spontaneously, has not been evaluated. We compared the diagnostic yield of SI to routine sputum collection in a South African community setting. Ambulatory patients with suspected TB provided a 'spot' expectorated sputum sample, an SI sample by hypertonic (5 %) saline nebulization, and early morning expectorated sputum sample.

Facial indices of north and South Indian adults: reliability in stature estimation and sexual dimorphism.

Introduction: Anthropological studies have document differences in craniofacial features as well as in body characteristics among different populations. The variations in the facial morphology arise through a differential growth and they help us in distinguishing one person from another. These are controlled by a number of factors which include genetic heritage, climate and environment in which we live.

Knowledge and acceptability of patient-specific infection control measures for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: Effective infection control measures are essential to reduce tuberculosis (TB) transmission in domestic, workplace, and health care settings. Acceptability of infection control measures is key to patient adherence.

Methods: We used a prospective questionnaire study to determine knowledge and acceptability of potential patient-specific TB infection control measures in a rural South African community.

Moxifloxacin population pharmacokinetics in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the effect of intermittent high-dose rifapentine.

We described the population pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin and the effect of high-dose intermittent rifapentine in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were randomized to a continuation-phase regimen of 400 mg moxifloxacin and 900 mg rifapentine twice weekly or 400 mg moxifloxacin and 1,200 mg rifapentine once weekly. A two-compartment model with transit absorption best described moxifloxacin pharmacokinetics. Although rifapentine increased the clearance of moxifloxacin by 8% during antituberculosis treatment compared to that after treatment completion without rifapentine, it did not result in a clinically significant change in moxifloxacin exposure.