Publications by authors named "Arzi B"

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a novel imaging modality, digital tomosynthesis (DT), for identification of predefined anatomic dental and maxillomandibular structures in dogs.

Methods: DT images were compared to conventional intraoral dental radiography (DR) for the diagnostic yield regarding the presence and quality of visualization of 35 structures. DT imaging and full mouth DR were obtained on 16 canine cadaver heads and a semi-quantitative scoring system was used to characterize the ability of each imaging method to identify the anatomic structures.

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Objective: Determine the prevalence, types, and geographical distribution of oral tumors in dogs in Switzerland to provide insights into demographics, tumor characteristics, and trends.

Methods: The medical and pathology records of dogs diagnosed with oral tumors from 2012 to 2022 were sourced from diagnostic laboratories in Switzerland. The focus was on histopathologically confirmed oral neoplasms.

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Pre-determined anatomical locations in the oral cavity were biopsied, and their histomorphology was characterised using haematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E). The most abundant cell type was of dendritic morphology. Lymphocyte foci were not evident in the palatoglossal folds or the gingiva.

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Objective: To describe an ultrasound-guided suprazygomatic approach to the trigeminal nerve block in cat cadavers.

Study Design: Prospective descriptive study.

Animals: Ten feline cadaver heads.

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Interceptive orthodontics may be indicated in puppies exhibiting dental malocclusion with linguoverted deciduous mandibular canine teeth to alleviate pain and prevent teeth interlock, which may affect growth and development of the mandibles. Historically extraction of deciduous mandibular canine teeth has been recommended as soon as a malocclusion is identified, often as early as 6-8 weeks of age and no later than 12 weeks of age. This early surgical intervention of deciduous teeth extractions risks potential damage to the developing permanent canine teeth resulting in enamel defects often referred to as a Turner's tooth or Turner's hypoplasia.

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Objective: To report the outcomes of cats that underwent surgical correction for sialoceles.

Study Design: Multi-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Animals: Twenty-one client-owned cats.

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Odontodysplasia is an uncommon dental developmental disorder associated with enamel, dentin, pulp abnormalities, and overall tooth morphology. The affected tooth is grossly abnormal in size and contour and is commonly associated with swelling of the affected area and failure of eruption. Histologically, the enamel and dentin are hypoplastic and hypomineralized.

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Introduction: Digital tomosynthesis (DT) has emerged as a potential imaging modality for evaluating anatomic structures in veterinary medicine. This study aims to validate the diagnostic yield of DT in identifying predefined anatomic structures in feline cadaver heads, comparing it with conventional intraoral dental radiography (DR).

Methods: A total of 16 feline cadaver heads were utilized to evaluate 19 predefined clinically relevant anatomic structures using both DR and DT.

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Objective: To evaluate the kinematics and stability of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of cats and dogs with and without a TMJ replacement (TMJR) prosthesis under simulated bite forces and mouth opening.

Animals: Sixteen cadaver skulls from domestic cats (n = 8) and medium- to large-breed dogs (n = 8).

Methods: Intact TMJs were tested.

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Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a debilitating inflammatory oral mucosal disease with a multifactorial etiology. The clinical diagnosis of FCGS is made based on inspection of severe inflammatory lesions and histological confirmation rather than a molecular diagnostic outcome. This gap limits the ability to provide an early diagnosis.

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Article Synopsis
  • Scientists are studying tiny particles called extracellular vesicles (EVs) from special cells in cats, which could help in healing and repairing tissues better.
  • They compared EVs from fat tissue and placenta of female cats to see how they work differently and found that the EVs from fat tissue (ASCs) grow faster and have different shapes than those from the placenta (PMSCs).
  • The research suggests that these EVs could help with healing because they have more important molecules that might reduce inflammation and boost growth in tissues.
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Objective: This study aims to report the surgical and medical management of generalized chronic maxillofacial infection with multiple intra- and extraoral draining tracts in a dog.

Case Summary: A 6 years-old, male neutered pit bull terrier dog underwent a staged procedure. First, a diagnostic work-up including hematologic and biochemical analysis, conventional computed tomography (CT) with contrast of the skull, and a rhinoscopic evaluation of the draining tracts was performed.

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Spontaneous repair and remodeling of the mandibular head of the condylar process is a rarely reported outcome following condylectomy. This clinical report describes the spontaneous repair and subsequent remodeling of the mandibular head of the condylar process in four immature dogs that sustained traumatic injuries, necessitating surgical intervention through arthroplasty via partial or complete condylectomy, or caudal mandibulectomy. In subsequent evaluations, it was observed that all dogs exhibited clinically functional TMJs, as evidenced by an appropriate range of motion.

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This study explored the feasibility of using fish skin bandages as a therapeutic option for third-degree skin burns. Following the California wildfires, clinical observations of animals with third-degree skin burns demonstrated increased comfort levels and reduced pain when treated with tilapia fish skin. Despite the promises of this therapy, there are few studies explaining the healing mechanisms behind the application of tilapia fish skin.

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Objective: Determine locoregional diagnostic yield of 4-site screening (head, neck, chest, and abdomen) to diagnose metastatic disease or clinically significant comorbid diseases in dogs with oral cancer.

Animals: 381 dogs with histologically confirmed oral tumors.

Methods: Medical records from 381 dogs with histologically confirmed oral tumors that underwent preoperative screening were retrospectively reviewed.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate how effective chest, abdomen, and four-site screenings are in detecting metastatic disease and other significant conditions in dogs with oral cancer.
  • Among 381 dogs with confirmed oral tumors, only a small percentage showed thoracic (4.9%) or abdominal (2%) metastasis, with oral malignant melanoma and multilobular osteochondrosarcoma being the most at risk.
  • Incidental findings were common, especially in abdominal ultrasounds (81.3%), and the chance of identifying metastasis or significant issues increased to about 27.8% when all four screening tests were performed.
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Internal distraction devices are commonly used in congenital micrognathia. The eventual need for device and screw removal can be challenging, requiring extensive dissection and disturbance of bone regenerate. Bioabsorbable poly-L-lactide (PLLA) screws, compared to traditional titanium screws, simplify device removal.

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Objective: This study aimed to characterize the clinical and histopathologic features of oral eosinophilic lesions in cats.

Animals: 38 client-owned cats.

Methods: The medical records database was searched for cats diagnosed with histologically confirmed eosinophilic oral lesions from 1997 to 2022.

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Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a painful, immune-mediated, oral mucosal inflammatory disease in cats. The etiology of FCGS remains unclear, with evidence pointing potentially toward a viral cause. Full-mouth tooth extraction is the current standard of care, and cats that are non-responsive to extraction therapy may need lifelong medical management and, in some cases, euthanasia.

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Practical Relevance: Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a debilitating disease for cats and a challenge for veterinarians and cat caregivers alike. Recent literature indicates that the disease is immune-mediated in nature and likely associated with a chronic viral infection in patients with higher alpha diversity of their subgingival microbiome. The immune-mediated nature of FCGS includes both local as well as systemic effects, and the transcriptomic analysis of affected patients supports these findings.

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Management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fractures is challenging and is a subject of ongoing discussions and controversies in both the veterinary and human medical fields. Regardless of the management strategy, obtaining precise diagnostic imaging in the form of conventional or cone-beam computed tomography and potentially magnetic resonance imaging is pivotal for medical and surgical decision-making and prognostic purposes. The main objective of TMJ fracture management is a rapid return to normal function via restoration of pretrauma occlusion, range of motion, and masticatory function.

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Introduction: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) therapy has emerged as a potential treatment option for refractory FCGS. However, there is a lack of long-term data on the use of MSC therapy in cats. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of MSC therapy for FCGS and investigate potential factors associated with treatment outcomes.

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Gingiva-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (GMSCs) are multipotent cells characterized by multilineage differentiation potential, proliferative expansion, and unique immunomodulatory ability, making them attractive as a new treatment of periodontal regeneration. In this study, GMSCs obtained from the gingiva of healthy cats (HE) as well as from cats affected by tooth resorption (TR) were isolated and characterized. Feline GMSCs (fGMSCs) from HE patients exhibited fibroblast-like morphology, developed cellular body, specific growth pattern, high expansion, and proliferative potential as well as reduced senescence signature.

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Museum skull specimens from 224 Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) were examined macroscopically using an established protocol for examination of mammalian skull specimens. Foxes were collected from coastal and island regions of Alaska, USA, except for two individuals. Collection years ranged from 1931 to 2016 with most specimens collected during the 1950s and 1960s.

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