Dissecting the genetic heterogeneity of gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is clinically heterogenous according to location (cardia/non-cardia) and histopathology (diffuse/intestinal). We aimed to characterize the genetic risk architecture of GC according to its subtypes. Another aim was to examine whether cardia GC and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and its precursor lesion Barrett's oesophagus (BO), which are all located at the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ), share polygenic risk architecture.

Plasma miR-151-3p as a Candidate Diagnostic Biomarker for Head and Neck Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study within the INHANCE Consortium.

Background: Identification of screening tests for the detection of head and neck cancer (HNC) at an early stage is an important strategy to improving prognosis. Our objective was to identify plasma circulating miRNAs for the diagnosis of HNC (oral and laryngeal subsites), within a multicenter International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium.

Methods: A high-throughput screening phase with 754 miRNAs was performed in plasma samples of 88 cases and 88 controls, followed by a validation phase of the differentially expressed miRNAs, identified in the screening, in samples of 396 cases and 396 controls.

Erratum to "Prognostic Role of Serum Amino Acids in Head and Neck Cancer".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/2291759.].

Prognostic Role of Serum Amino Acids in Head and Neck Cancer.

Introduction: Serum amino acid (AA) profiles represent a valuable tool in the metabolic assessment of cancer patients; still, information on the AA pattern in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients is insufficient. The aim of the study was to assess whether serum AA levels were associated with the stage of neoplastic disease and prognosis in primary HNC patients.

Methods: Two hundred and two primary HNC patients were included in the study.

Genetic susceptibility of increased intestinal permeability is associated with progressive liver disease and diabetes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aim: Increased intestinal permeability plays a key role in the pathogenesis of fat deposition in the liver. The aim of our study was to assess whether a single nucleotide polymorphism of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) (rs2542151 T→G), involved in intestinal permeability, may be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods And Results: We recruited a prospective cohort of NAFLD subjects and matched controls.

Mediterranean diet and the prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a case-control study.

Objective: Few studies report that Mediterranean dietary (MD) pattern has a beneficial role in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Evidence on its potential effect on the onset of disease are, however, scanty. With our study, we evaluated whether MD affects the risk of NAFLD with a large case-control study performed in Italy.

Tumour stage and gender predict recurrence and second primary malignancies in head and neck cancer: a multicentre study within the INHANCE consortium.

Recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) continue to represent major obstacles to long-term survival in head and neck cancer (HNC). Our aim was to evaluate whether established demographics, lifestyle-related risk factors for HNC and clinical data are associated with recurrence and SPC in HNC. We conducted a multicentre study by using data from five studies members of the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium-Milan, Rome, Western Europe, Sao Paulo, and Japan, totalling 4005 HNC cases with a median age of 59 (interquartile range 52-67).

Alcohol and cigarette consumption predict mortality in patients with head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium.

Background: This study evaluated whether demographics, pre-diagnosis lifestyle habits and clinical data are associated with the overall survival (OS) and head and neck cancer (HNC)-specific survival in patients with HNC.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis, including 4759 HNC patients from five studies within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated including terms reported significantly associated with the survival in the univariate analysis.

Effect of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B and -7 polymorphisms on blood ethanol and acetaldehyde concentrations in healthy subjects with a history of moderate alcohol consumption.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of ADH1B and ADH7 genotypes on blood acetaldehyde and ethanol levels after alcohol ingestion, and to measure the genotoxic effect of smoking and ethanol on the buccal cells, also controlling for ADH variants. We recruited healthy Italian subjects with at least a moderate history of alcohol consumption. All subjects were given an alcoholic drink of 0.

Prognostic factors in head and neck cancer: a 10-year retrospective analysis in a single-institution in Italy.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the association between demographics, lifestyle habits, and clinical data and overall survival (OS), recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) in patients with first primary head and neck cancer (HNC). We retrospectively reviewed data from 482 patients treated at the "Agostino Gemelli" Teaching Hospital, Rome, between 2002-2012 for primary HNC. Individual parameters were evaluated for association with specific outcomes such as OS, cancer recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) appearance using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of gastric cancer: results of a case-control study in Italy.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) and gastric cancer (GC). A case-control study was carried out at the Fondazione Policlinico 'A. Gemelli' (Rome, Italy) from 2003 to 2015.

MUC1, MUC5AC, and MUC6 polymorphisms, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The risk of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, as well as gastric cancer (GC), in association with genetic polymorphisms of gene encoding for mucins, has been investigated with contradictory results. We carried out this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the relationship between MUC1, MUC5AC, and MUC6 polymorphisms and HP infection, as well as GC risk. We searched MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus bibliographic databases and the HuGE Navigator database.

[Comparison of conventional culture methods and quantitative real-time PCR methods for the detection of Legionella pneumophila in water samples in a large University teaching hospital in Rome, Italy].

The aims of this study were to identify the best threshold value for the real-time PCR method in detecting the presence of Legionella pneumophila in water samples, and to evaluate the prognostic significance of negative results obtained with the molecular method. From 2011 to 2014, 77 water samples were collected from hospital wards of a large University teaching hospital in Rome (Italy) and screened for L.pneumophila by the standard culture method and by real-time PCR.

[Vocational training in public health during medical school: a pilot study].

Unlabelled: The need to integrate clinical and public health training of medical students is increasingly important. Future physicians need to be able to deal with new, complex and growing public health challenges.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was performed through Pubmed to identify the conceptual reference framework.

Clinical features and prognostic factors in patients with head and neck cancer: Results from a multicentric study.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether demographics, lifestyle habits, clinical data and alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphisms rs1229984 and rs1573496 associated with first primary head and neck (HNC) are associated with overall survival, recurrence, and second primary cancer (SPC).

Methods: We conducted a follow-up study in five centres including 801 cases. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for overall survival, recurrence and SPC.

The effect of CYP, GST, and SULT polymorphisms and their interaction with smoking on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim. The aim of our study was to assess whether selected single nucleotide polymorphisms of CYP1A1 and 2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and SULT1A1 influence susceptibility towards HCC, considering their interaction with cigarette smoking. Methods.

A case-control study on proinflammatory genetic polymorphisms on sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Objectives/hypothesis: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is strictly related to inner ear vascular injuries and recently to some atherosclerotic risk factors. The pathogenic role of inflammatory molecules in atherosclerosis is well established. However, there is little knowledge about the potential role of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules on SSNHL etiology.

The stomach cancer pooling (StoP) project: study design and presentation.

Gastric cancer affects about one million people per year worldwide, being the second leading cause of cancer mortality. The study of its etiology remains therefore a global issue as it may allow the identification of major targets, besides eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection, for primary prevention. It has however received little attention, given its comparatively low incidence in most high-income countries.

Susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infection: results of an epidemiological investigation among gastric cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to identify the clinical, demographic, lifestyle factors and selected genetic polymorphisms that affect the susceptibility towards Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in gastric cancer patients. Histological confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma cases that underwent curative gastrectomy between 2002 and 2012 were included.

A case-control study on the effect of metabolic gene polymorphisms, nutrition, and their interaction on the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

The oxidative stress is a key issue in the etiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of metabolic gene polymorphisms involved in the oxidative stress (GSTT1, GSTM1, SULT1A1, CYP2E1, and 1A1), lifestyle and nutrition aspects, and their interaction, on the risk of NAFLD. We enrolled 294 cases and 359 controls, and collected demographics, anthropometric, lifestyle, and nutrition data.

Adult height and head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis within the INHANCE Consortium.

Several epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between adult height and cancer incidence. The only study conducted among women on mouth and pharynx cancer risk, however, reported an inverse association. This study aims to investigate the association between height and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) within a large international consortium of HNC.

Prognostic factors and outcomes in Italian patients undergoing curative gastric cancer surgery.

Background: Survival of patients after curative surgical resection for gastric cancer (GC) remains poor, thus emphasizing the need for better definition of prognostic factors to improve the long-term course of disease.

Methods: From 1999 to 2009, 110 patients had curative-intent gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma. Clinicopathological features, Helicobacter pylori infection, dietary habits and lifestyle, and the presence of proinflammatory gene polymorphisms were evaluated.

Prevalence and risk factors of extrapancreatic malignancies in a large cohort of patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas.

Background: The objectives of this study are to estimate prevalence and incidence of extrapancreatic malignancies (EPMs) among intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas, and to identify risk factors for their occurrence.

Patients And Methods: We conducted multicentric cohort study in Italy from January 2010 to January 2011 including 390 IPMN cases. EPMs were grouped as previous, synchronous (both prevalent) and metachronous (incident).