A Short Form for Measuring Anxiety in Nursing Education.

Nursing education lacks an easily accessible, valid, and reliable short instrument to support researchers and instructors in quickly assessing student anxiety. The purpose of this research was to respond to this need by assessing the reliability and validity of a short-form anxiety instrument adapted from psychology which could measure state and trait anxiety. Using a one-group, repeated measures design, 51 sophomore level undergraduate nursing students had their state and trait anxiety levels measured at three time points over the course of a semester.

A rasch analysis of three socialization and communication measures in 4-year doctor of pharmacy students.

The impact of communication and anxiety on Doctor of Pharmacy students across three measures was examined. Data were collected (N = 120) from 4-year Doctor of Pharmacy students at a historically black college/university using the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale, the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension, and the Social Phobia Inventory. Results of Rasch Differential Item Functioning Analysis indicated statistically significant differences between each ethnic group on subcomponents of anxiety in each measure (20% Caucasian, 43% African American, 31.

An AI-based framework for studying visual diversity of urban neighborhoods and its relationship with socio-demographic variables.

This study presents a framework to study quantitatively geographical visual diversities of urban neighborhood from a large collection of street-view images using an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based image segmentation technique. A variety of diversity indices are computed from the extracted visual semantics. They are utilized to discover the relationships between urban visual appearance and socio-demographic variables.

Impact and feasibility of a pharmacist-delivered pharmacotherapy rotation on pediatric resident education.

Pharmacotherapy training for pediatric residents is an important part of their overall education. Limited data exist describing formal engagement of clinical pharmacists in residency training. The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel pharmacotherapy rotation for learner gains and program feasibility.

Evaluation of social phobia, comfort in communication, and interprofessional value during advanced pharmacy practice experiences: A focus on pharmacy student and medical resident interprofessional education.

Background: We implemented and evaluated communication and interprofessional socialization after a unique rotation between final year pharmacy students and medical residents.

Interprofessional Educational Activity: Pharmacy students on an advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) in pediatric critical care completed a standard experience with (i.e.

Self-Efficacy in Children with Functional Constipation Is Associated with Treatment Success.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between self-efficacy, the belief that an individual can succeed at a goal, and short-term treatment outcome in children with functional constipation.

Study Design: Patients with functional constipation age 8-16 years completed the Self-Efficacy for Functional Constipation Questionnaire (SEFCQ), consisting of 14 statements about performing tasks needed for defecation. Patients completed SEFCQ before, immediately after, and 3 weeks after their clinic visit.

Assessing Family-Like Dynamics in the Workplace as Possible Precursors of Workplace Bullying: Psychometric Analysis of a Modified Instrument.

Background And Purpose: Family-like dynamics in workplaces may serve as antecedents to workplace bullying. This study addressed the psychometric properties of an instrument modified to assess family-like dynamics in the workplace.

Design: The investigators used categorical principal components analysis (CATPCA) to investigate the psychometric properties of an instrument modified to measure coworker perceptions of family-like dynamics in the workplace.

Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin for children with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Oral serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin (SBI)/protein isolate is a medical food intended to manage chronic diarrhea. It has been shown to improve pain and diarrhea in adults with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (d-IBS).

Aim: To determine if SBI can improve symptoms in children with d-IBS.

Feasibility, utility and symptom impact of modified mindfulness training in sarcoidosis.

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Multidimensional fatigue in pulmonary hypertension: prevalence, severity and predictors.

Pulmonary hypertension is a potentially fatal disease. Despite pharmacological advances in pulmonary hypertension, fatigue remains common in patients with pulmonary hypertension. A convenience sample of 120 participants at an international patient conference completed the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI)-20 scale.

The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status (SES) and NCLEX-RN: Comparing SES Indicators in Mediated Logistic Regression.

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), ACT test scores, and the National Council Licensure Examination-Registered Nurse (NCLEX-RN) through a mediated logistic regression model. ACT is often considered one of the strongest predictors of success on the NCLEX-RN. Data from nursing students (N = 1,176) at a large, Midwestern university were analyzed.

The impact of symptoms of anxiety and depression on subjective and objective outcome measures in individuals with vestibular disorders.

Background: Anxiety and depression are common in individuals with vestibular disorders and anecdotally symptoms of these disorders have been associated with poorer scores on subjective outcome measures of dizziness and balance. It is unknown if symptoms of psychological distress impact individual outcomes with vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT).

Objective: To compare subjective and objective outcome measures in subjects with vestibular disorders who have symptoms of anxiety and/or depression to those who do not exhibit those symptoms.

The histopathologic reliability of tissue taken from cadavers within the gross anatomy laboratory.

The purpose of this study was to examine the histopathologic reliability of embalmed cadaveric tissue taken from the gross anatomy laboratory. Tissue samples from hearts, livers, lungs, and kidneys were collected after the medical students' dissection course was completed. All of the cadavers were embalmed in a formalin-based fixative solution.

Resident Workshop Standardizes Patient Handoff and Improves Quality, Confidence, and Knowledge.

Objectives: Residency programs are required to instruct residents in handoff; however, a handoff curriculum endorsed by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education does not exist. Although curricula are available, we preferred to use a curriculum that could be taught quickly, was easy to implement, and used a mnemonic that resembled current practices at our institution. We designed and implemented a novel handoff educational workshop intended to improve resident confidence and performance.

Water Load Test in Children with Chronic Abdominal Pain or Obesity Compared with Nonobese Controls.

Objective: Satiety is the perception of satisfied fullness and represents a summation of neural and hormonal influences. Satiety can be assessed by drink tests, including water load. The objective of our study was to confirm the difference in water load volume between nonobese control children and children with functional dyspepsia (FD), children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and obese children.

The integration of brain dissection within the medical neuroscience laboratory enhances learning.

The purpose of this study was to design a one-hour brain dissection protocol for a medical neuroscience course and evaluate the short and long-term effects of its implementation on medical students. First-year medical students (n = 166) participated in a brain dissection activity that included dissection of the basal nuclei and associated deep brain structures. Short-term retention was assessed by administering identical pre- and post-activity tests involving identification of brain structures.

How the Integration of Pathology in the Gross Anatomy Laboratory Affects Medical Students.

Problem: The main objective of this project was to integrate pathologists into the gross anatomy laboratory setting to increase the exposure that early medical students receive to pathologists as clinicians.

Intervention: Pathologists visited the gross anatomy laboratory 3 times throughout the 15-week course to assist medical students in determining the cause of death of the cadaver being dissected.

Context: This intervention was implemented with 1st-semester medical students for 2 consecutive years (a total of 100 dissection teams consisting of 4 students in each team).

Racial Differences in Communication Apprehension and Interprofessional Socialization in Fourth-Year Doctor of Pharmacy Students.

Objective: To examine racial differences in communication apprehension and interprofessional socialization in fourth-year PharmD students and to investigate the relationship between the two constructs.

Methods: Two measures with reliability and validity psychometric evidence were administered to fourth-year pharmacy students at a single historically black university with a large racial minority population. The Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24) measures level of fear or anxiety associated with communication.

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Dominate Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Practice.

Objectives: Symptom-based diagnostic criteria have improved recognition and standardization of pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). We used Rome 3 diagnostic criteria to determine the prevalence of FGIDs in pediatric gastroenterology clinic. In the process, we developed a diagnostic questionnaire for infants and toddlers.

Age of Onset of Functional Constipation.

In a review of 538 children with functional constipation, we analyzed ages of presentation and onset, symptom duration, and behavioral/developmental problems. We divided the subjects into quartiles (Q1-Q4) based on age of onset. Median onset age was 2.

Disability in Children and Adolescents With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and/or Fibromyalgia.

To compare disability and emotional health in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fibromyalgia, or both, patients completed the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms-Rome III, childhood Functional Disability Inventory (FDI), and the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition. Patients' (age range 8-18 years, 19 IBS, 12 fibromyalgia, and 12 both) FDI scores showed greater disability than scores from historically healthy patients. Fibromyalgia (FDI 22.

Examining the factor structure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) as a measure of victim response to the psychological pain of subtle workplace bullying.

Background And Purpose: Literature addressing victim-bully dynamics suggests that subtle bullying is prevalent in health care, both in practice and educational settings. The complex dynamics of workplace bullying complicate its assessment. The purpose was to investigate the factor structure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) for modeling victim responses to subtle workplace bullying.

A conceptual overview of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in rehabilitation research.

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a collection of statistical techniques used to determine the degree to which a proposed theoretical model is supported by data. SEM has been growing in various disciplines as well as in rehabilitation research. It is the goal of this introduction to provide a conceptual overview of SEM.

Comparison of psychosocial factors between patients with benign fasciculations and those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

In this retrospective study, we compared the initial presentation of patients who were eventually diagnosed with either benign fasciculations (BF) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We found a significantly higher number of patients with BF reporting a past history of psychiatric symptoms, life stressors, and concurrent psychosomatic symptoms. There was no difference between the two groups in patient report of current anxiety or depression symptoms.

Risk for sleep-disordered breathing and executive function in preschoolers.

Background: Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing is known to negatively impact cognitive development. While a theoretical basis has been proposed for the developmental effect of pediatric sleep-disordered breathing on executive function specifically, this had not been directly examined among preschool-age children. This population may be particularly vulnerable if school-readiness is compromised.