A Case of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Intracranial Sinus Thrombosis: Possible rare complications of childhood abdominal tuberculosis.

Severe pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) complicated by deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in adults has been reported previously in the medical literature; however, childhood extrapulmonary TB complicated by DVT is rare. We report a 13-year-old girl who presented to the Department of Pediatrics at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Rohtak, India, in 2012 with abdominal TB complicated by DVT and intracranial sinus thrombosis. She was treated with a course of four antitubercular drugs and short-term anticoagulation therapy with a positive outcome over the next six months.

Resolution of constipation, anal stricture, and iron deficiency anemia after iron infusion: an analogy with Plummer Vinson syndrome.

Background: Anal stricture is a disabling condition which is often unresponsive to conservative medical management. The complications of surgical procedures such as dilatations and anoplasty make it a formidable treatment challenge. Through this case, we report and explore a new medical treatment for ano-rectal strictures with an analogy to Plummer Vinson syndrome.

Pharmacists' Knowledge and Practices Surrounding Expedited Partner Therapy for Chlamydia trachomatis, New York City, 2012 and 2014.

Background: Health care providers in New York City can prescribe treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) for a patient's partner without the partner having a medical evaluation ("prescription-expedited partner therapy" [EPT]), and use of prescription-EPT is common. However, there is little known about pharmacists' knowledge and practices surrounding EPT.

Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys, in 2012 and 2014, were conducted with representative samples of supervising pharmacists in NYC neighborhoods with high rates of Ct infection.

Impact of Hurricane Sandy on community pharmacies in severely affected areas of New York City: A qualitative assessment.

Hurricane Sandy was one of the most severe natural disasters to hit the Mid-Atlantic States in recent history. Community pharmacies were among the businesses affected, with flooding and power outages significantly reducing services offered by many pharmacies. The objectives of our study were to assess the impact of Hurricane Sandy on community pharmacies, both independently owned and chain, in the severely affected areas of New York City (NYC), including Coney Island, Staten Island, and the Rockaways, using qualitative methods, and propose strategies to mitigate the impact of future storms and disasters.

Assessment of facial nerve injury with "House and Brackmann facial nerve grading system" in patients of temporomandibular joint ankylosis operated using deep subfascial approach.

Background: Preservation of the functional integrity of the facial nerve (FN) is a critical measure of success in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery. In spite of the development of a myriad of surgical approaches to the TMJ, FN remains at risk. The deep subfascial approach provides an additional layer of protection (the deep layer of the temporalis fascia and the superficial temporal fat pad) to the temporal and zygomatic branches of the FN and thus, is the safest method to avoid FN injury.

Comparing Various In Vitro Prediction Criteria to Assess the Potential of a New Molecular Entity to Inhibit Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1B1.

Evaluation of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is an integral part of drug development and is recommended by regulatory agencies. In this study we compared various prediction methods and cutoff criteria based on in vitro inhibition data to assess the potential of a new molecular entity to inhibit OATP1B1 in vivo. In vitro (eg, IC50 , fu,p ) and in vivo (eg, dose, Cmax , change in area under the curve [AUC]) data for 11 substrates and 61 inhibitors for OATP1B1 were obtained from literature and Drugs@FDA, which include 107 clinical (in vivo) DDI studies.

The Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict the Role of Drug Transporters: Scientific and Regulatory Perspectives.

Transporters play an important role in drug absorption, disposition, and drug action. The evaluation of drug transporters requires a comprehensive understanding of transporter biology and pharmacology. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models may offer an integrative platform to quantitatively evaluate the role of drug transporters and its interplay with other drug disposition processes such as passive drug diffusion and elimination by metabolizing enzymes.

Comparative Effect of Levosimendan and Milrinone in Cardiac Surgery Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension and Left Ventricular Dysfunction.

Objective: To compare the effects of levosimendan with milrinone in cardiac surgical patients with pulmonary hypertension and left ventricular dysfunction.

Design: A prospective, randomized study.

Setting: Tertiary care teaching hospital.

Inhibition of salivary amylase by black tea in high-caries and low-caries index children: A comparative in vivo study.

Introduction: Dental caries is a universal disease. Dietary modification is important in reducing the occurrence of dental caries. Tea which is so frequently consumed with cariogenic starch rich food is proposed to have anticariogenic potential.

Anticariogenic Activity of Black Tea - An Invivo Study.

Introduction: Teas is known for its anticariogenic properties and various mechanisms have been invoked to explain this effect. One such proposed mechanism is inhibition of salivary alpha amylase activity by endogenous tannins present in tea.

Aim: The objective of the present study was to determine whether or not the ingestion of black tea decoction inhibits the enzyme salivary amylase and thus interferes with the release of maltose from intraoral entrapped particles of food.

Clinicopathological correlation of Bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in oral precancer and cancer.

Unlabelled: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity. Normally the death of cell and the growth are active processes and depend not only on external factors but also on the expression of genes such as Bcl-2, which activate and inhibit apoptosis. The term Bcl-2 is an acronym for B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 genes.

Invasive floating macrophytes reduce greenhouse gas emissions from a small tropical lake.

Floating macrophytes, including water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), are dominant invasive organisms in tropical aquatic systems, and they may play an important role in modifying the gas exchange between water and the atmosphere. However, these systems are underrepresented in global datasets of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study investigated the carbon (C) turnover and GHG emissions from a small (0.

Transcriptional Regulation of Atp-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling Factors: Smarcal1 and Brg1 Mutually Co-Regulate Each Other.

The ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors regulate gene expression. However, it is not known whether these factors regulate each other. Given the ability of these factors to regulate the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors, we postulate that one ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor should be able to regulate the transcription of another ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor.

Educating Pharmacists in Quality (EPIQ): Recipient, Academy for Healthcare Improvement 2015 Duncan Neuhauser Award for Curricular Innovation.

The Duncan Neuhauser Award for curriculum Innovation is presented annually at the Academy for Healthcare Improvement meeting. The award recognizes education providers that show innovation and improvement in advancing skills in health care. Duncan B.

Temporomandibular Joint Condylar Osteochondroma: Complete Condylectomy and Joint Replacement Versus Low Condylectomy and Joint Preservation.

Purpose: Recommended treatment for patients with osteochondromas of the mandibular condyle is to perform complete condylectomy with joint replacement. Low condylectomy with joint preservation has recently been proposed as a treatment option. This study compared the outcomes of these treatment options in patients with condylar osteochondromas.

Profiling β Thalassemia Mutations in Consanguinity and Nonconsanguinity for Prenatal Screening and Awareness Programme.

Mutation spectrum varies significantly in different parts and different ethnic groups of India. Social factors such as preference to marry within the community and among 1st degree relatives (consanguinity) play an important role in impeding the gene pool of the disease within the community and so in society by and large. The present paper discusses the role of consanguinity in profiling of beta thalassemia mutation, and thus the approach for prenatal screening and prevention based awareness programme.

Effect of Physician Participation in a Multi-element Health Information and Data Exchange Program on Chronic Illness Medication Adherence.

Background: The Primary Care Information Project (PCIP) includes a network of more than 10,000 physicians across New York City focusing on improving the quality of patient care through the use of health information technology and data exchange.

Methods: We assessed adherence, defined as the percentage with a medication possession ratio (MPR) ≥80%, across 2 time periods for union members whose primary care providers participated in the PCIP compared with those whose providers did not participate. Using prescription claims data from 2008 and 2011, the MPR was calculated for disease-specific categories of drugs among patients with diabetes, hypertension, and both conditions.

Treatment Algorithm for Intracranial Intrusion Injuries of the Mandibular Condyle.

Purpose: Traumatic injuries of the mandible resulting in intrusion of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa are rare and treatment is often based on anecdotal experience. The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm for the management of condylar intrusion injuries by identifying factors that influenced the treatment decision of closed versus open reduction of the condyle.

Materials And Methods: This study was a systematic review of the literature on intracranial intrusion injuries of the mandibular condyle.

Design Features of Drug-Drug Interaction Trials Between Antivirals and Oral Contraceptives.

The aim of this work was to explore the major design features of drug-drug interaction trials between antiviral medications (AVs) and oral contraceptives (OCs). Information on these trials (n = 27) was collected from approved drug labels and clinical pharmacology reviews conducted by the U.S.

Association of CYP2C19, CYP3A5 and GPIIb/IIIa gene polymorphisms with Aspirin and Clopidogrel Resistance in a cohort of Indian patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Introduction: Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin is the current standard of care in the management of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The variability in response to these antiplatelet agents may be due to the underlying genetic diversity. This study was designed to determine the resistance to aspirin and clopidogrel in Indian patients and to look for correlation, if any, with selected polymorphisms.

Direct-acting antiviral drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: Interferon free is now.

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a global, serious, and life-threatening disease. Virologic response at 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12) signifies a durable virologic response and is currently the primary efficacy endpoint used in registrational trials. This change led to more rapid clinical development and earlier approvals of highly effective and well-tolerated therapies, facilitating access to those in need.