The testicular biopsy and spermatogenesis disturbance of infertile patients with bilateral varicocele.

In this article we describe the examination and the results obtained in 221 patients subjected to surgical intervention, i.e. microsurgical bilateral varicocele or to the conventional Ivanisevich technique and systematic multiple and bilateral testicular biopsy at the scrotal examination.

[Cystine lithiasis: study of a series of 116 cases].

Introduction: Cystine stones is a rare disease, related to a genetic metabolic disease. Its management must treat both the stones and their complications, and prevent recurrences by controlling cystinuria.

Objective: The objective of this study was to define the natural history of cystine stones, identify reliable diagnostic criteria and propose a simple treatment regimen.

[Cacchi and Ricci's disease. Radiology, epidemiology and biology].

Objectives: Medullary sponge kidney corresponds to the precaliceal dilatation of renal tubules. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to some of the radiological, epidemiological and laboratory features of this disease.

Material And Method: 500 cases of radiopaque renal stones, corresponding to 310 men and 190 women, were reviewed.

A high frequency of Y chromosome deletions in males with nonidiopathic infertility.

Microdeletions of the long arm of the human Y chromosome are associated with spermatogenic failure and have been used to define three regions of Yq (AZFa, AZFb, and AZFc) that are recurrently deleted in infertile males. In a blind study we screened 131 infertile males (46 idiopathic and 85 nonidiopathic) for Y chromosome microdeletions. Nineteen percent of idiopathic males, with an apparently normal 46,XY chromosome complement had microdeletions of either the AZFa, AZFb, or AZFc region.

[Leydig cell testicular tumors. A series of 10 observations].

Objectives: To define the clinical and laboratory characteristics and natural history of Leydig cell tumours in order to define a general management plan.

Material And Methods: The files of 10 patients operated for Leydig cell testicular tumour between 1982 and 1996 were studied retrospectively.

Results: In nine out of ten cases, the presenting complaint was gynaecomastia, erectile dysfunction or infertility.

[Erectile dysfunction secondary to hyperprolactinemia. Apropos of 13 cases].

Hyperprolactinemia is the cause of erectile dysfunction in less than 1% of cases. From 1989 to 1996, 13 patients consulted for erectile disorders associated with hyperprolactinemia. The mean age was 47.

[A case of lithiasis caused by 2,8 dihydroxyadenine. Evolutive characteristics. Therapeutic problems].

We report a case of bilateral 2,8 dihydroxyadenine urolithiasis in a 25-year-old woman, born from an incestuous union between a brother and sister, who developed the first manifestations at the age of 9 years. This condition results from APRTase deficiency and an autosomal recessive inherited disorder. Diagnosis requires physical analysis of the stones and measurement of APRT activity in red cells.

[Prolonged use of moxisylyte chlorhydrate (Icavex) by intracavernous self-injections in the treatment of impotence. Evaluation of long-term tolerance].

Moxisylyte chlorhydrate is a selective alpha-blocker of the post-synaptic alpha 1-adrenoreceptors. It has been used since 1992 for self-injections to induce erection. Tolerance has been studied in open trials in 143 men using 20 mg per intracavernous injection.

[Urinary calculi, consisting of dehydrated calcium phosphate. Clinical, biological, radiologic aspects, clinical course and management].

Seventeen cases of urinary calculi analyzed by infrared spectrophotometry were found to be composed entirely or nearly entirely of bihydrated calcium hydrophosphate. The observations are summarized here. This type of stone occurs with a frequency of about 1% (0.

[Uro-oxalic renal lithiasis. Certain characteristics].

In a paper published in 1974, it was reported that uro-oxalic stones are found more often in subjects with group O than with group A blood types although the proportions of these two blood types are approximately equivalent in the French population. The present work confirms these data, the ratio of group O to group A renal lithiasis being approximately 3 to 1. In a paper published in 1987, uro-oxalic stones were found to occur preferentially on the left side: 84 on the left and 39 on the right.

[Uro-oxalic renal lithiasis. Special aspects].

In a paper published in 1974, it was reported that uro-oxalic stones are found more often in subjects with group O than with group A blood types although the proportions of these two blood types are approximately equivalent in the French population. The present work confirms these data, the ratio of group O to group A renal lithiasis being approximately 3 to 1. In a paper published in 1987, uro-oxalic stones were found to occur preferentially on the left side: 84 on the left and 39 on the right.

[Microalbuminuria before and one month after extracorporeal lithotripsy. First results].

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy represents extraordinary progress for the treatment of urinary calculi. The apparent aggressivity of this technique leads to investigating whether it may have an impact on the renal parenchyma, as was suggested by many works, especially with radionuclide explorations. Microalbumin assays before and about one month after lithotripsy show an iatrogenic pathological increase in levels in some cases, especially after long, intensive sessions of treatment, whether the lithotripter used was of the shock-wave or piezoelectric-wave type.

[Ovarian vein syndrome. Apropos of a case].

The ovarian vein syndrome is due to ureteral compression caused by a dilated ovarian vein. The authors describe the clinical case of a young ten-week pregnant woman in whom the ovarian vein syndrome was revealed by a pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen associated with fever. Excretory urography, retrograde uretero pyelography and computed tomographic examination were performed.

[The value of using a facilitating dose of papaverine chlorhydrate during cavernometry].

In order to establish diagnostic cavernometric criteria, we selected 63 patients who did not respond positively to visual sexual stimulation. They were subjected to the following protocol including Rigiscan monitoring of 2 or 3 nights erections for, hormonal assays, penile doppler, cavernometry and cavernography. Intracorporeal injection of 8 mg of papaverine was performed during the hemodynamic tests.

[Lithotripsy for pelvic lithiasis with the Dornier system with radiological location].

The authors report their results with 58 patients presenting with pelvic lithiasis who were treated by extracorporeal lithotrity with the Dornier HM3 system. They describe the appropriate procedure of analgesia and emphasize the difficulties to locate the pelvic calculi, which sometimes requires resorting to urography during the treatment. Out of the 58 cases, success was total in 55 (94.

[A rare complication of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: rupture of the kidney. Apropos of a case].

The authors report one case of renal rupture occurring during an extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The patient presented with a bilateral urolithiasis and ESWL, was performed on a large stone (3 cm x 3.5 cm) located in the lower calyx of the right kidney.

[Milk of calcium syndrome: a diagnosis to be made before the scheduling of lithotripsy. Consideration apropos of 6 cases].

The authors report six cases of milk of calcium syndrome. As in previously published cases, the diagnosis was established by the film taken in the standing position: the "lithiasic density" shrinks, densifies and exhibits a horizontal upper edge. Four patients were at first mistakenly diagnosed as having urinary lithiasis for which extracorporeal lithotripsy was scheduled.

[The treatment of pelvic ureteral calculi using the Dornier lithotripter. Apropos of 20 cases].

The authors report a series of twenty patients with pelvic ureteric stones treated by the Dornier lithotriptor. Sixteen men and 4 women were treated over a period of 8 months (November 1988 and June 1989). A single treatment session was sufficient to ensure destruction and elimination of the stones.

[Infection of the sperm in male sterility].

Sperm infection is a classic cause of infertility. But, it cannot be considered without a minimum of precautions. First, infection of the sperm must be proven (presence of altered leucocytes, even higher than 10(5) or 10(6)/ml is not sufficient).

[Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and cystine lithiasis. Our experience apropos of 11 cases].

The authors report their experience of the treatment of cystine lithiasis by ESWL on the basis of 11 cases from 1984 to 1987.

[Priapism after cavernography. Report of an original case].

The authors report a case of priapism following cavernography with secondary fibrosis of the corpora cavernosa demonstrated histologically. They stress the importance of a rigorous cavernography technique which must take account of the respective tissue toxicity of the various contrast media used.

[Treatment of curvatures of the penis. New therapeutic approach. Apropos of 46 cases].

The authors describe their technique for correction of curvatures of the phallus, regardless of its aetiology, applied to 46 cases (36 cases of Peyronie's disease and 10 cases of congenital curvature without hypospadias). The proposed technique was inspired by the technique described by Nesbit.