Diagnostic accuracy of left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral versus inferior vena cava collapsibility index in predicting post-induction hypotension during general anesthesia: an observational study.

Background: Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is being explored for dynamic measurements like inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVC-CI) and left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT-VTI) to guide anesthesiologists in predicting fluid responsiveness in the preoperative period and in treating post-induction hypotension (PIH) with varying accuracy.

Methods: In this prospective, observational study on included 100 adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia, the LVOT-VTI and IVC-CI measurements were performed in the preoperative room 15 minutes prior to surgery, and PIH was measured for 20 minutes in the post-induction period.

Results: The incidence of PIH was 24%.

Simultaneous Kissing Balloon Stenting Technique in Management of Two Branches of Right Renal Artery Bifurcation: A Case Report.

Atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia are the commonest types of diseases associated with renovascular hypertension, with atherosclerosis accounting for 70%-80% of all cases and the latter accounting for 10% of cases. We report a case of a 65-year-old asian male with stenosis of the right renal artery with early bifurcation treated by percutaneous balloon dilation and simultaneous kissing balloon stenting technique.

Systolic aortic regurgitation in rheumatic carditis: Mechanistic insight by Doppler echocardiography.

Background: Aortic regurgitation (AR) usually occurs in diastole in presence of an incompetent aortic valve. Systolic AR is a rare phenomenon occurring in patients with reduced left ventricular systolic pressure and atrial fibrillation or premature ventricular contractions. Its occurrence is a Doppler peculiarity and adds to the hemodynamic burden.

Significant intra-valvular pressure loss across EPIC SUPRA and perimount magna supra-annular designed aortic bioprostheses in patients with normal aortic size.

Doppler-derived trans-prosthetic gradients are higher and the estimated effective valve area is smaller than the catheter-derived and directly measured hemodynamic values, mostly due to pressure recovery phenomenon. Pressure recovery to a varying extent is common to all prosthetic heart valves including bioprostheses. Pressure recovery-related differences are usually small except in patients with bileaflet metallic prosthesis, wherein high-pressure local jets across central orifice have been documented since long back and also in patients with narrow aortic root.

Hypoplastic right heart syndrome, absent pulmonary valve, and non-compacted left ventricle in an adult.

Hypoplastic right heart syndrome is a rare cyanotic congenital heart disease with under-development of the right ventricle, tricuspid, and pulmonary valves leading to right-to-left shunting of the blood through inter-atrial septal defect. Perinatal mortality is high with very few patients surviving to adulthood without corrective surgery. This report describes a 26-year-old young woman, who had recurrent abortions and stillbirths and detected to have marked cyanosis with hypoplastic right heart, sub-arterial ventricular septal defect, absent pulmonary valve, non-compaction of the left ventricle, and bicuspid aortic valve with aortic regurgitation.

Spontaneous dissecting aneurysm of the left atrium complicated by cerebral embolism: A report of two cases with review of literature.

Left atrial dissection is a very uncommon complication of cardiac surgery and usually causes significant hemodynamic compromise. Little is known about spontaneous dissection of the left atrium. Two patients, one middle-aged man and another elderly woman were evaluated following stroke.

Mobile thrombus originating from densely calcified mitral annulus with cerebral embolism.

Mitral annular calcification (MAC) has been considered a predisposition and an association of thrombo-embolic disease. Superimposed thrombus on MAC is under-appreciated as a potential cause of systemic thrombo-embolism. This report describes an elderly gentleman, who had recurrent cerebral embolism and in one of the episodes, a large mobile thrombus was detected on the ventricular surface of calcified mitral annulus.

Parachute mitral valve and Pacman deformity of the ventricular septum in a middle-aged male.

Parachute mitral valve and Pacman heart (incomplete muscular ventricular septal defect) are rare congenital deformities usually reported in infants and children. Very few adult patients with these anomalies are reported but the association of the two has not been described. This report describes a 56-year-old male with exertional dyspnea who was detected to have moderately severe mitral regurgitation and mitral stenosis.

Congenitally unguarded tricuspid valve orifice with right ventricular apical isolation in an adult.

Congenitally unguarded tricuspid valve (TV) orifice, a variant of TV dysplasia, is a rare malformation with protean manifestations. This report describes a symptomatic adult male with gross right heart failure and atrial fibrillation, who was found to have an unguarded TV orifice with isolation of the trabecular apical cavity of the right ventricle (RV) and muscular ridges separating outflow tract (forme-fruste of the double-chambered RV). The right ventricular outflow tract remained patent.

Acquired discrete subaortic stenosis late after mitral valve replacement.

Although acquired left ventricular outflow obstruction has been reported in a variety of conditions, there are scant reports of its occurrence following mitral valve replacement (MVR). This study describes two female patients, who developed severe discrete subaortic stenosis, five years following MVR. In both cases, the mitral valve was replaced by a porcine Carpentier-Edwards 27-mm bioprosthesis with preservation of mitral valve leaflets.

Parachute deformity of both atrioventricular valves with congenitally corrected transposition in an adult.

A 23-year-young female presented with mild exertional dyspnoea and palpitation since early childhood. By deploying 2D- and 3D echocardiography, she was detected to have situs solitus, atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance with L-malposition of great vessels, valvular pulmonary stenosis, large secundum atrial septal defect, bicuspid aortic valve, right-sided aortic arch, and moderately severe mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation. Typical parachute deformities of the morphologically mitral and tricuspid valves were observed.

Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.

Aims: The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.

Methods: The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population. Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.

Safety of Prasugrel in Indian patients - multicentric registry of 1000 cases.

Background: Clopidogrel has been the only available antiplatelet drug used along with aspirin in patients of ACS. In recent years 2 new antiplatelet drugs (Prasugrel and Ticagrelor) have become available. Prasugrel in the dose of 10 mg OD has been found to be more efficacious but with increased risk of major bleeding.

Stent thrombosis with an aneurysm 7 years after a drug eluting stent implantation.

We report a case of very late stent thrombosis 7 years post sirolimus eluting stent implantation presenting as ST elevation MI while on dual antiplatelet therapy. Angiography revealed an aneurysm at the proximal end of the stent. The patient was managed successfully by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with adjunct thrombus aspiration and intracoronary abciximab administration followed by deploying a mesh-covered stent MGuard.