Occurrence of Sphingomonas olei with elemental S oxidation capability in sodic soil: Potential role in sodicity reclamation and plant growth promotion.

The success of the sodic soil reclamation using elemental S (S°) depends on the population of the native S° oxidizers. Augmenting the native flora of the sodic soils with effective S° oxidizers can enhance the success of the sodic soil reclamation. Present study reports for the first time the S° oxidation potential of the Sphingomonas olei strain 20UP7 isolated from sodic soils with pH 9.

Characterization of flue gas desulphurized (FGD) gypsum of a coal-fired plant and its relevant risk of associated potential toxic elements in sodic soil reclamation.

Thermal Power Plant generates FGD gypsum as by-product during coal combustion. This study evaluates the characterization (spectroscopic and elemental), potentially toxic elements (PTEs) distribution, and environmental risk assessment of FGD gypsum for safe and sustainable use in agriculture. The XRD and SEM analysis confirmed the dominance of crystalline CaSO·2HO in FGD gypsum.

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management.

Introduction: The perennial grass-legume cropping system benefits soil because of its high biomass turnover, cover cropping nature, and different foraging behaviors. We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system.

Methods: Depth-wise soil samples were collected after harvesting the Egyptian clover.

Influence of tillage and residue management practices on productivity, sustainability, and soil biological properties of rice-barley cropping systems in indo-gangetic plain of India.

Introduction: Conservation agriculture is a sustainable system of farming that safeguard and conserves natural resources besides enhancing crop production. The biological properties of soil are the most sensitive indicator to assess the short term impact of management practices such as tillage and residue incorporation.

Methods: Nine treatments of tillage and residue management practices [Reduced till direct seeded rice-zero till barley (RTDSR-ZTB); RTDSR-ZTB-green gram residue (Gg); Zero till direct seeded rice-zero till barley-zero till green gram (ZTDSR-ZTB-ZTGg); RTDSR-ZTB + rice residue at 4 t ha 1 (RTDSR-ZTB); RTDSR-ZTB; un-puddled transplanted rice (UPTR)-ZTB-Gg; UPTR-ZTB; UPTR-ZTB, and puddled transplanted rice (PTR)-RTB] executed under fixed plot for five years on crop productivity and soil biological properties under rice-barley production system.

An Observational Study of Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 in Rapid Progressors in India.

Background: The genetic diversity in HIV-1 genes affects viral pathogenesis in HIV-1 positive patients. Accessory genes of HIV-1, including , are reported to play a critical role in HIV pathogenesis and disease progression. has a crucial role in CD4 degradation and virus release.

Irrigation water quality, gypsum, and city waste compost addition affect P dynamics in saline-sodic soils.

The amendments used for sodicity reclamation also profoundly influence P dynamics and leaching losses. This study characterized the effect of irrigation water quality on P dynamics and leaching from saline-sodic soil during reclamation utilizing gypsum alone or in combination with manure and city compost. Changes in properties of unleached and leached soils were fitted with labile P pools using redundancy analysis.

Characterization and ecotoxicological risk assessment of sewage sludge from industrial and non-industrial cities.

The present study highlights the occurrence and the temporal variations of physicochemical properties, and heavy metals in the sludge from sewage treatment plants (STPs) located in industrial (two sites) and non-industrial (one site) cities of Haryana, India. The sludge was acidic (5.59) to neutral (7.

Mainstreaming Local Food Species for Nutritional and Livelihood Security: Insights From Traditional Food Systems of Community of Arunachal Pradesh, India.

This study brings out the critical role of lesser-known local plant species in the food, nutrition and livelihood security of community in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Considering women as a major custodian in knowledge and practices on foods, a total of 90 women and 60 key knowledgeable community members (thus a total of 150 participants) were selected from East Siang and Upper Siang districts of Arunachal Pradesh. Data were collected using combination of methods including recipe contest, focus group discussion, personal interviews and laboratory analyses.

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Indore, Madhya Pradesh: A community-based cross-sectional study, August 2020.

Background: In India, laboratory diagnosis of SARS - CoV-2 infection has been mostly based on real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Studies have shown that Viral titres peak within the first week of symptoms but may decline later hampering RT-PCR-based diagnostic strategies. Exact estimate is difficult under high-risk screening strategy with evidences of having large number of asymptomatic cases.

Deficit saline water irrigation under reduced tillage and residue mulch improves soil health in sorghum-wheat cropping system in semi-arid region.

Judicious application of saline water except for critical growth stages, could be the only practical solution to meet the crop water demand in arid and semi-arid regions, due to limited access to freshwater, especially during dry winter months. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of tillage [conventional (CT), reduced (RT), and zero (ZT)], rice straw mulch and deficit saline-water irrigation in wheat (100, 80 and 60% of wheat water requirement, CWR) followed by rainfed sorghum on soil properties and the yields of the cropping system. Yields of both the crops were comparable between RT and CT, but the wheat yield was reduced in ZT.

Comparative genetic variability in HIV-1 subtype C p24 Gene in early age groups of infants.

It is important to study the molecular properties of vertically transmitted viruses in early infancy to understand disease progression. P24 having an important role in virus assembly and maturation was selected to explore the genotypic characteristics. Blood samples, obtained from 82 HIV-1 positive infants, were categorized into acute (≤ 6 months) and early (> 6-18 months) age groups.

Synchronous Breast Cancer and Gallbladder Diseases-A Chromosomal Analysis: A Pilot Study at a Tertiary Care Centre.

Out of a total of 50 study-eligible patients, 15 patients were found to have synchronous breast cancer and gallbladder diseases. Fourteen such patients had breast cancer and cholelithiasis while 1 patient had breast cancer with gallbladder cancer. Amongst these 15 patients, 7 patients tested positive for chromosomal aberrations on karyotyping.

Typical & atypical enteropathogenic in diarrhoea & their role as carrier in children under five.

Background & Objectives: Multidrug-resistant enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is responsible for a large number of cases of infantile diarrhoea in developing countries, causing failure in treatment with consequent health burden and resulting in a large number of deaths every year. This study was undertaken to determine the proportion of typical and atypical EPEC in under five children with diarrhoea and controls, their function as a carriage and to identify virulent genes associated with them.

Methods: During the study period, 120 stool samples including 80 from controls children were collected and analyzed for the presence of EPEC using standard bacteriological methods.

Comparative genetic variability in HIV-1 subtype C nef gene in early age groups of infants.

Targeting properties of vertically transmitted viruses in early infancy is important to understand disease progression. To investigate genotypic characteristics of transmitted viruses, blood samples were obtained from infants aged 6 weeks-18 months, categorized in two age groups, acute (<6 months) and early (>6-18 months). Nef having an important role in pathogenesis was selected to explore the viral characteristics.

Report of novel H105R, D29N, V27A mutations in the methyltransferase region of the HEV genome in patients with acute liver failure.

Background: The Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been responsible for major outbreaks in the developing countries affecting millions of people and acute sporadic hepatitis worldwide. The HEV methyltransferase is important for capping the 5'-end of the viral pregenomic RNA which is critical for viral infection.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the substitutional profile in the HEV methyltransferase region in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) and acute viral hepatitis (AVH) from North Indian population and associate the substitutions with the poor outcome of the disease.

Chlamydia and ocular adnexal lymphomas: An Indian experience.

AN INDIAN EXPERIENCE: Ocular adnexal lymphomas (OALs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, majority being extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. Different geographical regions have reported association of Chlamydia with OALs (MALT type). In India, role of Chlamydia in OALs remains unexplored.

Molecular characterization of DENV-3 circulating during the post-monsoon period of 2013-14 in Delhi, India.

Unlabelled: [Image: see text]

Electronic Supplementary Material: Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s12250-015-3649-5 and is accessible for authorized users.

Giant Cutaneous Horn Overlying A Verruca at an Uncommon Site: Medical Marvel vs Superstitious Dilemma.

Cutaneous horn has been a matter of discussion to mankind since time immemorial and a subject of fascination for the layman. There have been instances where certain groups saw it with angst and disgust, with a person having a large cutaneous horn on an exposed area getting a dismal look. We present a case of a 64-year-old man with a giant cutaneous horn over his left gluteal region.

Appearance of L90I and N205S Mutations in Effector Domain of NS1 Gene of pdm (09) H1N1 Virus from India during 2009-2013.

In the present study, full length sequencing of NS gene was done in 91 samples which were obtained from patients over the time period of five years from 2009 to 2013. The sequencing of NS gene was undertaken in order to determine the changes/mutations taking place in the NS gene of A H1N1 pdm (09) since its emergence in 2009. Analysis has shown that the majority of samples belong to New York (G1 type) strain with valine at position 123.

Novel molecular alterations in the ORF 2 capsid gene of hepatitis E virus in patients with acute liver failure in North India.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is evolving as a major global threat to public health, including in developed countries. We partially sequenced the ORF 2 capsid protein genes of HEV genomes from patients with acute liver failure, including pregnant women in the northern part of India. Five unique synonymous substitutions and one non-synonymous substitution, along with a novel mutation, P259S, in the capsid gene, were identified that might be associated with the poor outcome in the patients.

Evaluation of gidB alterations responsible for streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Objectives: To evaluate gidB alterations for possible impact on the cumulative mechanism underlying the acquisition of high-level streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Methods: Fifty-two isolates with high streptomycin resistance and 23 isolates with low streptomycin resistance were sequenced for mutational analysis in the rpsL, rrs and gidB region. As the gidB protein has a complex substrate and no activity assay has yet been formulated, mutants of interest were subjected to in silico modelling and were structurally mapped together with active-site amino acid residues for assessment of the relevance to activity of the mutations found.