Audit for antifungal treatment usage in adults with invasive fungal infection: A prospective observational study.

Objective: The antifungal audit aimed to evaluate antifungal usage in a tertiary care center. It focused on patient profiles, the appropriateness of antifungal use, associated adverse drug reactions, reasons for suboptimal usage, and the economic burden caused by prolonged non-optimal antifungal use.

Method: ology: Conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India from January 2019 to December 2020, the study evaluated systemic antifungal use in 100 hospitalized adults with invasive fungal infections.

Predictors of Functional Outcomes of Nonoperatively Treated Extra-articular Distal End Radius Fractures in Older Individuals: A Prospective Clinical Study.

Background: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are some of the most common injuries suffered by the elderly; however, there are varied opinions on management. As there is limited research on patient factors affecting functional outcomes in conservatively managed patients with DRFs, this study aimed to find predictive factors for functional outcomes in such patients.

Methods: Patients with DRFs satisfying the inclusion criteria were managed with closed reduction and slab followed by cast application.

Dietary phytochemicals alleviate the premature skin aging: A comprehensive review.

Skin aging, often called as premature skin aging, is the hastened deterioration of the skin resulting from multiple factors, including UV radiation, environmental contaminants, inadequate nutrition, stress, etc. Dietary phytochemicals, present in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-derived meals, have gained interest due to their efficiency to eradicate free radicals and lowering the release of inflammatory mediators which accounts for premature skin aging. Several dietary phytochemicals, i.

The 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force lung cancer screening eligibility criteria disproportionately exclude younger Black patients with lung cancer.

Background: The 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) lung cancer screening guideline may continue to exclude many younger Black individuals who have not yet accumulated enough smoking pack-years to be eligible for screening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the proportions of Black and White patients with lung cancer, stratified by age at diagnosis, who would have been eligible for lung cancer screening.

Methods: Incident lung cancer cases among Black and White individuals aged 50-80 years with a smoking history in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS) were identified for analysis.

Acute Viral Hepatitis E Presenting With Bell's Palsy and Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

Hepatitis E is a hepatotropic virus and the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis among adults in India. It has four genotypes, and genotype 1 is mostly associated with sporadic cases. It typically causes self-limiting acute hepatitis following a prodromal course.

Giant cerebellar neurocysticercosis masquerading a primary central nervous system neoplasm - A case report with review of literature.

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the leading parasitic infections of the brain. Giant NCC is rare, with only two cases of cerebellar involvement reported till now. In the presence of a host immune response, these giant NCCs can mimic primary central nervous system neoplasms.

A Rare Case of Rosai Dorfman Destombes Disease Presenting With Lupus Nephritis and Central Nervous System Small Vessel Vasculitis.

Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes (RDD) disease is a rare syndrome characterised by benign lymphoproliferative disorder with sinus histiocytosis that presents with massive lymphadenopathy. It occurs mainly in children and young adults. It can be associated with autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Machine learning-based monitoring and design of managed aquifer rechargers for sustainable groundwater management: scope and challenges.

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) replenishes groundwater by artificially entering water into subsurface aquifers. This technology improves water storage, reduces over-extraction, and ensures water security in water-scarce or variable environments. MAR systems are complex, encompassing various components such as water storage, soil, meteorological factors, groundwater management (GWM), and receiving bodies.

Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Sex-Specific Epigenetic Dynamics Involving kdm6b and H3K27 Methylation in Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Neurogenesis and Recovery.

Cerebral ischemic stroke ranks among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. A significant challenge, beyond the lack of effective therapies, is the frequent oversight of sex as a vital factor in stroke research. This study focuses on elucidating the sex-specific epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to neural damage and recovery in cerebral ischemia.

Thermal relaxation time and photothermal optomechanical force in sliced photonic crystal silicon nanobeams.

Optomechanical devices based on sliced silicon photonic crystal nanobeams could have several use cases in future quantum technologies, especially as quantum transducers between different quantum systems. To create the required pure mechanical states at low temperatures, an understanding of photon absorption, thermal relaxation, and the associated photothermal force is crucial. Here, we characterize the strength of the photothermal force in sliced silicon nanobeam resonators.

Dissecting the rust resistance in salt tolerant wheat germplasm.

Wheat is one of the most important food crop cultivated across the globe which ensures sustainability and food security to massive world's population, but its production is threatened by both biotic factors like rust (caused by species) and abiotic stresses such as salinity. In this study, 41 salt-tolerant wheat lines were screened for rust resistance at both seedling and adult plant stages. Rust resistance genes were characterized through gene matching technique and molecular markers analysis.

Recent advances in mechanistic insights into microplastics mitigation strategies via emerging advanced oxidation processes: Legislation, challenges, and future direction.

Microplastics (MPs) pollution has emerged as a global environmental concern due to its detrimental impacts on ecosystems. Conventional wastewater/water treatment methods are inadequate for MPs removal due to their diminutive size ranging from micrometers to nanometers. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have gained attention as a promising green strategy for the efficient and safe elimination of MPs from aqueous systems.

Pathologic Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Pediatric Versus Adult Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Objective: Despite the rising incidence of pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), postoperative outcomes for such tumors have not been well-characterized. The objective of this study was to compare pathologic tumor characteristics and treatment outcomes for pediatric and adult patients with DTC.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Potential Role of Benzoic Acid and its Synthetic Derivatives to Alleviate Cancer: An Up-to-Date Review.

Unregulated cell division is one of the main causes of cancer. These cancerous cells negatively impact nearby healthy cells. Cancer can occur anywhere in the body.

Cytologic and Clinicopathologic Features of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Prominent Hobnail Features on FNAC.

The hobnail variation of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is an uncommon, aggressive variety with hobnail characteristics on more than 30% of the tumour cells. Because of the entity's rarity, the clinical behaviour and pathologic characteristics of these tumours are still unknown. The purpose of this case study was to look at the cytologic, clinical, and pathological aspects of the hobnail variant of PTC, because of its severe clinicopathologic features and poor outcome, the unusual hobnail type of PTC may necessitate more aggressive treatment than traditional PTCs.

Development of an advanced analytical technique for detecting multiple pesticide residues in vegetables through liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS).

A comprehensive LC-MS/MS method, which employs Positive Electrospray Ionization (PEI) and Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 35 pesticides belonging to various chemical classes in tomato, brinjal, chili, and okra samples. Extraction was facilitated using a modified QuEChERS method, which allows efficient sample analysis in a single run. Calibration curves for each pesticide exhibited linearity within the concentration range of 0.

Elucidating morphogenic and physiological traits of rice with nitrogen substitution through nano-nitrogen under salt stress conditions.

Background: Sustainable crop production along with best nutrient use efficiency is the key indicator of smart agriculture. Foliar application of plant nutrients can complement soil fertilization with improved nutrient uptake, translocation and utilization. Recent developments in slow releasing, nano-fertilizers in agriculture, begins a new era for sustainable use and management of natural resources.

Degradation of tetracycline via peroxymonosulfate activation by highly reusable Titanium dioxide/impregnated Zirconium-chitosan beads.

The nano-sized powder photocatalysts are prone to agglomeration and poor reusability, which cause secondary pollution. To avoid the loss of powder photocatalyst, Titanium dioxide/(TiO)/impregnated Zirconium (Zr)-chitosan beads were prepared using a simple cross-linking reaction for the peroxymonosulfate activation to aid the tetracycline degradation. The beads' structural, morphological and optical properties were studied using different techniques.

Sub-acute bisphenol A exposure induces proteomic alterations and impairs male reproductive health in mice.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and there is widespread concern about the adverse effects of EDCs on human health. However, the exact mechanism of these toxicities has still not been fully deciphered. Additionally, studies have reported the toxicological effects at far low doses to the generally considered no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) dose.

Pharmacological restriction of genomic binding sites redirects PU.1 pioneer transcription factor activity.

Transcription factor (TF) DNA-binding dynamics govern cell fate and identity. However, our ability to pharmacologically control TF localization is limited. Here we leverage chemically driven binding site restriction leading to robust and DNA-sequence-specific redistribution of PU.

Correlation of Pseudocholinesterase Level with Clinical, Biochemical Parameters Including Cardiac Profile and the Outcome in Organophosphorus Poisoning.

Background: Poisoning is a significant health hazard and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. India, being a predominantly agrarian country, routinely employs organophosphate (OP) pesticides in farming, and they are readily available "over the counter." OPs exert their toxicity by interfering with the normal function of acetylcholine, an essential neurotransmitter throughout the autonomic and central nervous systems.