Life threatening rupture of the diaphragm after Covid 19 pneumonia: a case report.

Background: The incidence of diaphragmatic rupture is low; however, it may be life threatening. Normally caused by blunt trauma, some cases are reported after pulmonary infections with extensive coughing. Covid 19 causes pulmonary infections and pneumonia and has been associated with weakening of the diaphragm after prolonged ventilation.

External validation of the Mayo Clinic stage, size, grade, and necrosis (SSIGN) score for clear-cell renal cell carcinoma in a single European centre applying routine pathology.

Background: The stage, size, grade, and necrosis (SSIGN) score has been created as an outcome prediction tool for clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) using review pathology.

Objective: We evaluated the prognostic accuracy of the SSIGN score model using routine pathology records.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We retrospectively evaluated pathology records of 1862 consecutive ccRCC patients with complete data including follow-up who had been operated between 1984 and 2006.