Developing a Partnership Model to Address Gaps in Rural Healthcare Provider Training Using Simulation-Based Health Professions Education.

Rural and remote (R&R) healthcare providers experience difficulties accessing continuing medical education, including simulation, to improve their clinical competencies to address the diverse health needs of the rural Canadian population. At the same time, the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC) has identified a need to shift toward a competency-based curriculum to increase access to clinical training using innovative, flexible methods, such as simulation. Simulation is a strategy that can be applied to facilitate this learning by allowing learners to practice clinical skills on a simulator.

Hand Sewn Anastomosis Skill Acquisition and In Vivo Transfer Using 3D-Printed Small Bowel Simulator.

Introduction: General surgery residents need to master the hand-sewn bowel anastomosis (HSBA) technique. However, practice opportunities outside of the operating room are rare, and commercial simulators are often costly. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of a new, affordable silicone small bowel simulator, made with a three-dimensional (3D) printed mold, as a training tool to learn this technique.

From Centralized to Decentralized Model of Simulation-Based Education: Curricular Integration of Take-Home Simulators in Nursing Education.

In a centralized model of simulation-based education (Ce-SBE), students practice skills in simulation laboratories, while in a decentralized model (De-SBE), they practice skills outside of these laboratories. The cost of "take-home" simulators is a barrier that can be overcome with additive manufacturing (AM). Our objective was to develop and evaluate the quality of education when year one nursing students practiced clinical skills from home following normal curricular activities but in the De-SBE format.

Development and Learner-Based Assessment of a Novel, Customized, 3D Printed Small Bowel Simulator for Hand-Sewn Anastomosis Training.

Hand-sewn bowel anastomosis (HSBA) is an essential skill for surgical residents to learn, as it is used in numerous surgical procedures. However, the opportunities to practice this skill before attempting it on patients are limited. Practice on simulators can help improve this technique, but there is a paucity of realistic, cost-efficient simulators for the acquisition of HSBA skills.

Design of an Intramuscular Injection Simulator: Accommodating Cultural Differences.

We had developed an inexpensive intramuscular (IM) injection simulator and gathered feedback from Canadian hospital-based practicing nurses about the design features of the simulator. While the feedback critiqued the density of the simulator as being too stiff and suggested making the shape more realistic, it was also unanimously agreed that this IM injection simulator is more realistic than any other previous models they have used, therefore deeming it an acceptable training tool for nursing students in Canada. For this simulator to serve as a training tool in other countries, such as Singapore, we partnered with SingHealth, a hospital network in Singapore, to conduct identical product testing in a different ethnic context and compare the data to our previous work.

The Development of a Cost-Effective Infant Intraosseous Infusion Simulator for Neonatal Resuscitation Program Training.

Simulation-based medical education (SBME) employs realistic simulators to allow physicians and medical students to learn and practice high acuity, low occurrence (HALO) skills such as the intraosseous (IO) infusion. Previous research was done to develop and evaluate a three-dimensional (3D)-printed adult proximal tibia IO simulator and was rated as a valuable and realistic medical education training tool. This report focuses on implementing this IO simulator for neonatal resuscitation program (NRP) training purposes, as well as to explain the process of redeveloping the previous adult IO simulator and the development of a stand, called the maxSIMbox, to hold the simulators, as well as the tools needed to perform an IO infusion.

The Development of an Intramuscular Injection Simulation for Nursing Students.

Intramuscular (IM) injections are preferred over subcutaneous injections for administering medicine such as epinephrine and vaccines as the muscle tissue contains an increased vascular supply that provides ideal absorption of the drug being administered. However, administering an IM injection requires clinical judgment when choosing the injection site, understanding the relevant anatomy and physiology as well as the principles and techniques for administering an IM injection. Therefore, it is essential to learn and perform IM injections using injection simulators to practice the skill before administering to a real patient.

[Catecholamine content in the adrenal gland of rat offspring in the model of prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia].

Catecholamine content has been studied in the adrenal gland of rat females whose pregnant mothers were loaded daily with L-methionine administered per os during all the pregnancy period, on the first day of postnatal life, and in one and two months after birth. The animal model of hyperhomocysteinemia used in the experiment has been shown to result in the catecholamine content decreasing in the adrenal gland of both newly born rat offspring with high serum level of homocysteine and one-month old offspring with their homocysteine level decreased to the normal values. It was found that nitrotyrosine level increased significantly in the blood serum of the offspring aged one and two months.

[Age-associated reproductive cycle hypothalamic regulation impairment and its correction].

This review covers present-day ideas of the female organism reproductive system neuroendocrine regulation in aging. The literature data on the key role of the hypothalamus in formation, organization and age-related decline of the reproductive function in both mammals and humans are considered in detail. Special focus is on catecholamines, peptides and other biologically active compounds acting in these processes.

Plant coilin: structural characteristics and RNA-binding properties.

Cajal bodies (CBs) are dynamic subnuclear compartments involved in the biogenesis of ribonucleoproteins. Coilin is a major structural scaffolding protein necessary for CB formation, composition and activity. The predicted secondary structure of Arabidopsis thaliana coilin (Atcoilin) suggests that the protein is composed of three main domains.

[The lipids peroxidation and atherogenesis level in aged patients].

The data presented have described the diagnostic possibilities of chemioluminescence' intensity research in patients with atherosclerosis. The investigation has been conducted on 48 aged patients with ischemic heart disease. Statistically significant correlation between chemoluminescence' intensity and atherogenesis factor as an atherosclerosis indicator was revealed.

[Age-related changes of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin excretion in stomach and colorectal cancer patients].

Circadian rhythm of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) excretion has been studied in stomach cancer (n = 89) and colorectal cancer (n = 86) patients. The excretion of aMT6s was decreased in cancer patients. The disturbances of the circadian rhythm of aMT6s excretion have been observed in the cancer patients as well.

[The definition of chemiluminescence intensity in experimental model of premature senescence].

The diagnostic possibilities of chemiluminescence's intensity research for premature senescence prognosis are described in this article. The definition of chemiluminescence's intensity enables to reveal the individuals stable to processes of premature senescence in the model of acute radiation.

[Disordered regions in C-domain structure of influenza virus M1 protein].

Influenza virus matrix M1 protein is one of the main structural components of the virion performing also many different functions in infected cell. X-ray analysis data with 2.08 angstrom resolution were obtained only for the N-terminal part of M1 protein molecule (residues 2-158) but not for its C-terminal domain (159-252).

[Verification of a decrease in the rigidity of the phage lambda DNA polymeric chain in low ionic strength aqueous solutions by testing the polymer-polymer interlink interactions].

Changes in the rigidity of the polymetric chain of phage lambda double-strand DNA have been studied by laser correlation spectroscopy. It was shown that, as the ionic strength increases, the effect of the screening of the hydrodynamic interaction of the links of the polymeric chain specific for polymeric coils arises in a DNA solution. It is assumed that the screening occurs when the threshold of the overlapping of DNA coils is achieved.

[Platelet melatonin levels in healthy donors].

A convenient and reliable enzyme immunoassay of platelet melatonin has been developed using the Melatonin ELISA kits (IBL Hamburg GmBH). The proposed methods permit the quantitative determination of platelet melatonin, which opens up new prospects for using this indicator for diagnostic purposes.

[Mechanisms of free radical oxidation and its role in aging].

The review covers enormous literature data arguing that oxidative stress is a reliable marker of aging. The role of mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial sources of free radical species in physiological aging and in pathogenesis of age-dependent diseases is discussed. The state of antioxidant systems of an organism in aging is described; special attention is paid to the studies of the interrelation between antioxidant enzyme activities and life expectancy, which becomes more apparent with transgenic animals.

[Densitometric investigation of the dynamics of bone defects regeneration in surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis].

Apicotomy of 105 teeth of 78 patients with chronic periodontitis has been performed. The periapical defect were filled with two kinds of osteoplastic matter: the first group was treated with demineralised bone matrix of newborn pigs (DBMNP), the second group with artificial hydroxyapatite, while both matters were enriched with platelet rich plazma (PRP).As a third, control group, cases.

[Biological activity of regulatory peptides in model experiments in vitro].

Biological effects of short regulatory peptides, pinealon, vesugen, vilon and epitalon were studied in model experiments in vitro. These peptides were found not to demonstrate direct antioxidant activity but be able to restrict lipid peroxidation of human lipoproteins by modification of their structure. The short peptides increase stability of red blood cell membranes toward osmotic hemolysis.

[Effect of delta-sleep inducing peptide on free-radical processes in the brain and liver of mice during various light regimens].

Female SHR mice received 5-days long course of delta-sleep inducing peptide preparation "Deltaran" subcutaneously in daily dose of 5 mkg/mice per 24h under standard light regime (12h light: 12 h darkness) or constant illumination. Free-radical level and antioxidative activity in brain and liver was studied by standard methods. Constant illumination increased chemiluminescence in brain by 20 % and decreased liver glutationperoxidase activity by 60 %, as compared to the mice kept in standard light regime.

[The effect of pineal peptide preparations on proliferative activity in organotypic culture of the preoptic hypothalamus area].

In investigations carried out with organotypic culture of mediobasal preoptic area (MPA) of hypothalamus it was established that pineal peptide preparations epitalon (2 ng/ml) and epithalamin (100 ng/ml) stimulate the development of proliferative activity of explants in 3 month and 24 months female rats. It has been shown that epithalamin is more effective in young rats in comparison with old animals, but epitalon as well as epithalamin have almost the same less pronounced inducing effect on growth zone in MPA explants from young and old animals. This effect is tissue specific and could be dependent on inhibition of apoptosis.

[Pineal gland and brain structures monoamine oxidase activity in rats of different age].

Total monoamine oxidase activity was investigated in the pineal gland (epiphysis) and in three brain structures with the use of spectrophotometric method based on kynuramine oxidative deamination, the product (4-hydroxyquinoline) formation being detected at 327 nm. Female Wistar rats used for the experiment were 1.5-2, 4-5 and over 12 months old.

[Comparative study of structural stabylity of potato virus X coat protein molecules in solution and in the virus particles].

With help of several optical methods and differential scanning calorimetry we studied the structure and stability of molecules of coat protein (CP) of filamentous of potato virus X (PVX) in free state and in the virions. According to the results of all these methods, at room temperature (25 degrees C) free PVX CP subunits possess some fixed tertiary structure but this structure is highly unstable and is completely disrupted at temperatures as low as 35 degrees C. The free PVX CP tertiary structure was also disrupted by very low sodium dodecylsulfate and cetyltrimetylammonium bromide concentrations: 3 to 5 moleculs of the surfactants per the CP molecule were sufficient to induce its total disruption.

[Determination of human serum glutathione peroxidase activity, by using hydrogen peroxide and 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)].

The method has been developed for the assay of human serum glutathione:H2O2-oxidoreductase activity. The reaction medium comprises tris-HCl buffer (0.04 M; pH 8.