Insight into the Metal-Free Reduction of Isocyanates to N-Methyl Anilines at Room Temperature.

A simple and sustainable protocol has been developed to reduce isocyanates to the N-methyl anilines under metal-free conditions. The reaction proceeds with BF ⋅ OEt as a catalyst and ammonia borane as a hydrogen source in THF at room temperature, leading to the formation of a wide range of substituted aniline derivatives. Control experiments and deuterium labeling studies were performed to understand the mechanism of the present procedure.

Mechanism of betterment towards growth and induction of defense in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by biopriming with bacterial endophytes isolated from wild rice.

Utilizing beneficial microorganisms associated with plants, particularly endophytes, is becoming more and more prevalent since it supports the physiological health and evolutionary adaption of the host. The range of enhanced endophytic bacteria found in wild rice makes it a promising resource for sustainable agriculture. Current study focused on benefits of bacterial endophytes isolated from tissues of wild rice plants' roots, stems, and leaves for managing the health and development of rice (Oryza sativa L.

Insight into the MOBu (M=Na, K)-Mediated Dehydrogenation of Dimethylamine-Borane and Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary Amines.

Selective synthesis of primary amines from nitriles is challenging in synthetic chemistry due to the possible en-route generation of various amines and imines. Herein, we report a practical and operationally simple MOBu-mediated (M=Na, K) transfer hydrogenation of nitriles to the corresponding primary amines with a relatively unexplored sacrificial hydrogen source (dimethylamine borane). The strategy encompasses a broad substrate scope under transition metal-free conditions and does not require any solvent.

Exploring genetic divergence and marker-trait associations for leaffolder (Guenee) resistance in rice landraces.

Rice production faces a significant threat from the rice leaffolder, . To address this challenge, growing resistant varieties stands out as a sustainable and eco-friendly pest management strategy. This necessitates identifying resistant sources and understanding their inheritance patterns through employing DNA markers for marker-assisted resistance breeding.

Transfer semi-hydrogenation of terminal alkynes with a well-defined iron complex.

The synthesis and characterization of a bis-iron(II) complex was accomplished upon treatment of a phosphine free NNN-pincer ligand (L) with FeCl·4HO under ambient conditions. The deep greenish colored iron(II) complex (Fe-1) was characterized by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study along with IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The Fe-1 complex was tested for the transfer semi-hydrogenation of terminal alkynes to the corresponding alkenes through the dehydrogenation of dimethyl amine-borane.

Metal-free C-H Borylation and Hydroboration of Indoles.

The C-H borylation and hydroboration reactions have emerged as promising synthetic tools to construct organoboron compounds. Organoboron compounds of N-heterocycles, particularly indole derivatives, have found widespread application in a variety of fields. As a result, considerable advancement in the area of C-H borylation and hydroboration reactions of indoles was observed in the last few decades.

A Lewis Acid-Base Pair Catalyzed Dearomative Transformation of Unprotected Indoles via B-H Bond Activation.

A sustainable and metal-free protocol has been described for the reduction of unprotected indoles. The catalytic system consists of B(C F ) and THF as a Lewis acid-base pair that can activate the B-H bond of pincolborane (HBpin). The catalytic system encompasses a broad substrate scope.

Dual Role of TiO(acac) as a Reagent and an Activator/Catalyst: A Study on the Solvent Dependent Product Formation.

The dual operation of a chemical species in synthetic chemistry is an intriguing and relatively unexplored phenomenon. The application of such a species is expected to reduce the use of multiple reaction partners and catalysts/activators. Herein, we report a simple and easy-to-use protocol for the twin application of TiO(acac) , as a reagent and an activator to synthesize β-enamino ketones with amines in acetonitrile.

Synthesis of porous calcium-guar gum benzoate nano-biohybrids for sorptive removal of congo red and phosphates from water.

This work aims to develop an eco-sound nano-bio-hybrid sorbent using sustainable materials for sorptive elimination of congo red and phosphates from aquatic environment. An amphipathic biopolymer derivative, high DS guar gum benzoate (GGBN) was used for entrapment of as synthesized calcium carbonate nanoparticles using solvent diffusion nano-precipitation technique. Designer nano-biohybrids were developed upon experimenting with various materials stoichiometry.

Easy Access to Tertiary Amines from Carbonyl Compounds with Substituted Amine-Boranes: A Substrate, Catalyst, and Additive-Free Approach Under Mild Conditions.

Tertiary amines are ubiquitous and play an essential role in organocatalysis, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemicals. Amongst various synthetic procedures known for their synthesis, the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds has been found to be a proficient method. Over the past few decades, different synthetic strategies for reductive amination have been developed.

The soil-borne fungal pathogen Athelia rolfsii: past, present, and future concern in legumes.

Legumes are ubiquitous, low-cost meals that are abundant in protein, vitamins, minerals, and calories. Several biotic constraints are to blame for the global output of legumes not meeting expectations. Fungi, in particular, are substantial restrictions that not only hinder production but also pose a serious health risk to both human and livestock consumption.

Chemopriming for induction of disease resistance against pathogens in rice.

Rice is an important grain crop of Asian population. Different fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens cause large reduction in rice grain production. Use of chemical pesticides, to provide protection against pathogens, has become incomplete due to pathogens resistance and is cause of environmental concerns.

Chemoselective α-Alkylation of Nitriles with Primary Alcohols by Manganese(I)-Catalysis.

A sustainable and easy-to-use protocol for the alkylation of aryl nitriles with the earth-abundant manganese(I) catalyst is presented. The alkylation reaction employs readily available nitriles and naturally abundant alcohols as the coupling partners. The reaction proceeds chemoselectively and encompasses a broad substrate scope with good to excellent yields.

Marker-Assisted Improvement for Durable Bacterial Blight Resistance in Aromatic Rice Cultivar HUR 917 Popular in Eastern Parts of India.

Bacterial blight (BB) is a devastating disease of rice in the tropics of Indian sub-continent, where the presence of races with varying levels of genetic diversity and virulence renders disease management extremely challenging. In this context, marker-assisted improvement of plant resistance has been proven as one of the most promising approaches for the development of sustainable rice cultivars. The present study demonstrates the marker-assisted introgression of the three BB resistant genes () into the background of HUR 917, a popular aromatic short grain (ASG) rice cultivar in India.

Cyclotrimetaphosphate-assisted ruthenium catalyst for the hydration of nitriles and oxidation of primary amines to amides under aerobic conditions in water.

Amide bonds are ubiquitous and regarded as an essential constituent of many biologically active drug molecules and fine chemicals. We report a practical and operationally simple ruthenium-based catalytic system for the hydration of nitriles and aerobic oxidation of primary amines to the corresponding amides. Both reactions proceed without any external oxidant in water under aerobic conditions and exhibit a broad substrate scope.

Molecular Breeding for Incorporation of Submergence Tolerance and Durable Bacterial Blight Resistance into the Popular Rice Variety 'Ranidhan'.

Ranidhan is a popular late-maturing rice variety of Odisha state, India. The farmers of the state suffer heavy loss in years with flash floods as the variety is sensitive to submergence. Bacterial blight (BB) disease is a major yield-limiting factor, and the variety is susceptible to the disease.

Catalytic and Mechanistic Approach to the Metal-Free N-Alkylation of 2-Aminopyridines with Diketones.

N-alkylation of amines is an important catalytic reaction in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report a simple strategy for the N-alkylation of 2-aminopyridines with 1,2-diketones using BF·OEt as a catalyst. The reaction proceeds under aerobic conditions, leading to the formation of a diverse range of substituted secondary amines in good to excellent yields.

Transamidation of aromatic amines with formamides using cyclic dihydrogen tetrametaphosphate.

Amide fragments are found to be one of the key constituents in a wide range of natural products and pharmacologically active compounds. Herein, we report a simple and efficient procedure for transamidation with a cyclic dihydrogen tetrametaphosphate. The protocol is simple, does not require any additives, and encompasses a broad substrate scope.

Novel Insights into Understanding the Molecular Dialogues between Bipolaroxin and the Gα and Gβ Subunits of the Wheat Heterotrimeric G-Protein during Host-Pathogen Interaction.

Spot blotch disease of wheat, caused by the fungus (Sacc.) Shoem., produces several toxins which interact with the plants and thereby increase the blightening of the wheat leaves, and Bipolaroxin is one of them.

Mechanistic Understanding of KO Bu-Mediated Direct Amidation of Esters with Anilines: An Experimental Study and Computational Approach.

A sustainable and cost-effective protocol has been reported for the synthesis of amide bonds from unactivated esters and non-nucleophilic amines promoted by potassium tert-butoxide under aerobic conditions. The reaction proceeds under relatively mild conditions, encompassing wide substrate scope. A combined experimental and quantum chemical study has been performed to shed light on the mechanism, which implied that a radical pathway is operating for the present protocol.

Guar gum propionate-kojic acid films for Escherichia coli biofilm disruption and simultaneous inhibition of planktonic growth.

Nosocomial bacterial infections associated with biofilms inspire to explore newer bactericidal strategy with eco-friendly biomaterials as sustainable alternatives. In this research work, we successfully developed bio-safe films from kojic acid(KA) and guar gum propionate(GGP) for Escherichia coli biofilm disruption and planktonic cell killing. High DS(degree of substitution = 1.

Biopriming for induction of disease resistance against pathogens in rice.

Rice is attacked by an armada of pathogens. Present review provides a critical evaluation of the potential of different biotic agents used to protect rice yield drop from pathogenicity and an account of unexplored areas, which might be taken into consideration to manage rice diseases. Rice (Oryza sativa L.

Development of Submergence-Tolerant, Bacterial Blight-Resistant, and High-Yielding Near Isogenic Lines of Popular Variety, 'Swarna' Through Marker-Assisted Breeding Approach.

The rice variety 'Swarna' is highly popular in the eastern region of India. The farmers of eastern India cultivate mainly rainfed rice and face the adverse effects of climate change very frequently. Rice production in this region is not stable.

Ruthenium Catalyzed Intramolecular C-X (X=C, N, O, S) Bond Formation via C-H Functionalization: An Overview.

Ruthenium catalyzed C-H activation is well known for its high tolerance towards the functional group and broad applicability in organic synthesis and molecular sciences, with significant applications in pharmaceutical industries, material sciences, and polymer industry. In the last few decades, enormous progress has been observed with ruthenium-catalyzed C-H activation chemistry. Notably, the vast majority of the C-H functionalization known in the literature are intermolecular, although the intramolecular variant provides fascinating new structural facet starting from the simple molecular scaffolds.

Trichoderma-mediated rice straw compost promotes plant growth and imparts stress tolerance.

Rice straw burning is causing huge economic losses and environmental hazards. Microbial mediated ex situ composting could be a viable solution which would not only reduce the straw burning but also will enrich nutrition to the soil. Strains of Trichoderma isolated from tree bark were tested to decompose rice straw efficiently, and the Trichoderma-mediated rice straw compost was used subsequently to improve rice growth.