Association of sociocultural stressors with bipolar disorder onset in Puerto Rican youth growing up as members of a minoritized ethnic group: results from the Boricua Youth Longitudinal Study.

Background: The development of bipolar disorder is currently explained by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Less is known regarding the influence of sociocultural factors. This study aims to evaluate the incidence and impact of sociocultural factors on bipolar disorder onset in two comparable samples of youth growing up in different social settings.

Reorienting the focus from an individual to a community-level lens to improve the pathways through care for early psychosis in the United States.

The implementation of coordinated specialty care in the U.S. over the past decade has led to the improvements of clinical and functional outcomes among individuals in the early stages of psychosis.

Clinical and psychosocial outcomes of Black Americans in the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP) study.

Purpose: In the US, Black people diagnosed with schizophrenia experience worse psychosocial and clinical outcomes than their White counterparts. While racism-related factors contribute to these disparities, an additional understudied explanation may be that psychosocial treatments for psychotic disorders are less effective for Black than White individuals. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which best treatment practices for first-episode psychosis (FEP) are effective for Black and White participants.

A systematic search and critical review of studies evaluating psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures for schizophrenia.

Measurement-based care (MBC) involves the regular administration of outcome assessments to track and evaluate treatment progress and requires psychometrically sound instruments. While there are widely used patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for several psychiatric disorders and symptom categories (e.g.

Economic strain, parental education and psychotic experiences among college students in the United States: Findings from the Healthy Minds Study 2020.

Aim: Socioeconomic status (SES) is linked to psychosis, and much can be learned by examining how various indicators of SES-specifically economic strain and intergenerational transfer of resources-are related to sub-threshold psychotic experiences among college students.

Methods: Using data from the Healthy Minds Survey (September 2020-December 2020), we used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the associations between five SES indicators and 12-month psychotic experiences, adjusting for age, gender and race/ethnicity. We also examined the count of predictors and psychotic experiences.

Neighborhood socioeconomic status and racial disparities in schizophrenia: An exploration of domains of functioning.

Black Americans are disproportionately diagnosed with schizophrenia and experience worse objective functional outcomes (e.g., hospitalizations) than their White counterparts.

How often do US-based schizophrenia papers published in high-impact psychiatric journals report on race and ethnicity?: A 20-year update of Lewine and Caudle (1999).

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities have been clearly documented in schizophrenia studies, but it is unclear how much research attention they receive among US-based studies published in high-impact journals.

Aims: The current paper updates Lewine and Caudle's (1999) and Chakraborty and Steinhauer's (2010) works, which quantified how frequently schizophrenia studies included information on race and ethnicity in their analyses.

Method: We examined all US-based papers on schizophrenia-spectrum, first-episode psychosis, and clinical high-risk groups, published between 2014 to 2016 in four major psychiatric journals: - and

Results: Of 474 US-based studies, 62% ( = 295) reported analyses by race or ethnicity as compared to 20% in Lewine and Caudle's (1999) study.

The relationship between the therapeutic alliance and client variables in individual treatment for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and early psychosis: Narrative review.

Given the high rates of treatment disengagement and medication nonadherence in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and early psychosis, fostering a strong alliance in treatment is critical. Moreover, the role of the therapeutic alliance extends beyond that in traditional psychotherapy because of the multifaceted nature of treatment. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive discussion of the relationship between the alliance and client variables across various provider types and individual treatments.

Meta-analysis of Black vs. White racial disparity in schizophrenia diagnosis in the United States: Do structured assessments attenuate racial disparities?

Researchers have repeatedly observed that clinicians diagnose Black individuals with schizophrenia at greater rates than White individuals. We conducted a meta-analytic review to quantify the extent of racial diagnostic disparities in schizophrenia, examine whether structured-interview assessments attenuate these disparities, and assess for moderating factors. Studies were included that presented original probability-sample data and reported data sufficient to derive odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for schizophrenia diagnosis by race.

Social cognition and African American men: The roles of perceived discrimination and experimenter race on task performance.

The Social Cognition Psychometric Evaluation (SCOPE) study consists of a battery of eight tasks selected to measure social-cognitive deficits in individuals with schizophrenia. The battery is currently in a multisite validation process. While the SCOPE study collects basic demographic data, more nuanced race-related factors might artificially inflate cross-cultural differences in social cognition.

Demographic, psychosocial, clinical, and neurocognitive baseline characteristics of Black Americans in the RAISE-ETP study.

This study compared baseline characteristics of Black Americans and Caucasians with first-episode psychosis in the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP). Black American (N=152) and Caucasian (N=218) participants were compared on demographic, psychosocial, clinical, and neurocognitive measures. Results indicated several notable racial differences in baseline characteristics: a greater proportion of Black Americans than Caucasians were female, and Black Americans reported less personal and parental education than Caucasians.