Lactational polychlorinated biphenyls exposure induces epigenetic alterations in the Leydig cells of progeny rats.

The present study was designed to establish the epigenetic mechanisms by which lactational exposure to PCBs affects the Leydig cell function in progeny rats. The lactating dams were oral gavaged with different doses of PCBs [1, 2 and 5 mg/kg or corn oil ] and Leydig cells were isolated from the testes of progeny rats at postnatal day (PND) 60. We assessed the expression of transcription factors regulating steroidogenic machinery and the promoter methylation of LHR and AR in the Leydig cells.

Quercetin attenuates metastatic ability of human metastatic ovarian cancer cells via modulating multiple signaling molecules involved in cell survival, proliferation, migration and adhesion.

Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynaecology related cancer due to its high metastasizing ability. Quercetin is the most abundant flavonoids received increased interest due to its anti-cancer properties. Although the anticancer property of quercetin is very well known, its anti-metastatic effect on metastatic ovarian cancer cells and their underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated.

Impact of quercetin on tight junctional proteins and BDNF signaling molecules in hippocampus of PCBs-exposed rats.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) consist of a range of toxic substances which are directly proportional to carcinogenesis and tumor-promoting factors as well as having neurotoxic properties. Reactive oxygen species, which are produced from PCBs, alter blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, which is paralleled by cytoskeletal rearrangements and redistribution and disappearance of tight junction proteins (TJPs) like claudin-5 and occludin. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), plays an important role in the maintenance, survival of neurons and synaptic plasticity.

Quercetin inhibits human metastatic ovarian cancer cell growth and modulates components of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in PA-1 cell line.

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynaecology related cancer death worldwide. It is often diagnosed with an advanced stage. Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death controlled by cell cycle machinery and several signaling pathways.

Lactational exposure of polychlorinated biphenyls impair Leydig cellular steroidogenesis in F progeny rats.

The present study was aimed to determine the effects of lactational exposure of PCBs (Aroclor 1254) on Leydig cellular steroidogenesis in F progeny rats. Lactating dams were orally treated by gavage with different doses of PCBs (1, 2 and 5mg/kg b.wt.

Ameliorative effect of α-tocopherol on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) induced testicular Sertoli cell dysfunction in F prepuberal rats.

The study was conducted to investigate the protective role of α-tocopherol against polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) induced effect in Sertoli cell function of F prepuberal rats. Dams were grouped into six; each group consists of six animals. Group 1-control treated with corn oil as vehicle, group II- 0.

Gold nanoparticles-conjugated quercetin induces apoptosis via inhibition of EGFR/PI3K/Akt-mediated pathway in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231).

Epidermal growth factor plays a major role in breast cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. Quercetin, a bioactive flavonoid, is shown to exhibit anticarcinogenic effects against various cancers including breast cancer. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of gold nanoparticles-conjugated quercetin (AuNPs-Qu-5) in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.

Inhibition of cell survival and proliferation by nimbolide in human androgen-independent prostate cancer (PC-3) cells: involvement of the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Prostate cancer is most common malignancy among men in the world. PI3K-Akt signaling appears to be critical to prostate cancer cell proliferation and survival. Our earlier study reveals that nimbolide (2 µM) prevents cell survival via IGF signaling pathway through PI3K/Akt and induces apoptosis in PC-3 cell line.

Review on molecular and chemopreventive potential of nimbolide in cancer.

Cancer is the most dreaded disease in human and also major health problem worldwide. Despite its high occurrence, the exact molecular mechanisms of the development and progression are not fully understood. The existing cancer therapy based on allopathic medicine is expensive, exhibits side effects; and may also alter the normal functioning of genes.

In utero exposure to phthalate downregulates critical genes in Leydig cells of F1 male progeny.

Phthalates are the largest group of environmental pollutants and are considered toxicant to the endocrine system. The present study was aimed to test the effect of in utero exposure of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) on Leydig cell steroidogenesis in F1 male offspring's. Pregnant dams were oral gavaged with different doses (1, 10, and 100 mg/kg/day) of DEHP or olive oil during gestational Day 9-21.

Nimbolide inhibits IGF-I-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signalling in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231).

The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) signalling pathway contributes a major role on various cancer cell proliferation, survival and cell cycle. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of nimbolide on IGF signalling and cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. The protein expression of IGF signalling molecules and cell cycle protein levels was assessed by western blot analysis.

Chemopreventive effect of quercetin in MNU and testosterone induced prostate cancer of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Prostate cancer becomes an ideal target for chemoprevention because of its high incidence and extended natural history. The consumption of quercetin (plant flavonoid) in diet is associated with decreased risk of disease and many cancers but then this was not elucidated in prostate malignancy. Hence, a study in which the male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced prostate cancer by hormone (testosterone) and carcinogen (MNU) and simultaneously supplemented with quercetin (200 mg/Kg body weight) thrice a week, was conducted.

Lycopene supplementation prevents reactive oxygen species mediated apoptosis in Sertoli cells of adult albino rats exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls.

Sertoli cell proliferation is attenuated before attaining puberty and the number is fixed in adult testes. Sertoli cells determine both testis size and daily sperm production by providing physical and metabolic support to spermatogenic cells. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure disrupts functions of Sertoli cells causing infertility with decreased sperm count.

Impact of lycopene on epididymal androgen and estrogen receptors' expression in polychlorinated biphenyls-exposed rat.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors' (ER) expression in epididymis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)-exposed rats. The rats were assigned to groups. Group I controls were treated with corn oil 80 µL/d intraperitoneally (ip), group II were treated with 2 mg/kg/d of A1254 ip; and group III were treated with 2 mg/kg/d of A1254 ip along with simultaneous oral supplementation of 4 mg/kg/d lycopene .

Protective role of quercetin on polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor-1254) induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver of adult male rats.

The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of quercetin against Aroclor-1254-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were grouped into Group I control received vehicle (corn oil; 1 mL/kg bwt); Group II quercetin alone (50 mg/kg bwt/day orally); Group III Aroclor-1254 (2 mg/kg bwt/day intraperitoneally); Group IV Aroclor-1254 + quercetin treated for 30 days. The Aroclor-1254 treatment caused significant alteration in the biochemical parameters (hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione levels, and alkaline phosphatase activity).

Effect of Quercetin on Haematobiochemical and Histological Changes in the Liver of Polychlorined Biphenyls-Induced Adult Male Wistar Rats.

Polychlorinated biphenyls exposure damages the rat liver cells. Hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red-blood cells, white-blood cells, neutrophils, platelet counts, and RBC indices were significantly decreased. Polymorphs, eosinophil counts, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly increased.

Protective role of lycopene against Aroclor 1254-induced changes on GLUT4 in the skeletal muscles of adult male rat.

Aroclor 1254 is the commercial mixture of highly toxic environmental pollutant, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Being immensely durable, it is extensively used and widely distributed. Studies show that Aroclor 1254 causes a variety of adverse health effects through free radical generation.

Polychlorinated biphenyls-induced oxidative stress on rat hippocampus: a neuroprotective role of quercetin.

Present study is aimed to evaluate the ameliorative role of quercetin on PCBs-induced oxidative stress in hippocampus of Wistar rats. Group I rats received vehicle (corn oil) intraperitoneally (i.p); Group II received quercetin 50 mg/kg bwt/day (gavage); Group III received PCB 2 mg/kg bwt/day (i.

Protective role of quercetin on PCBs-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in hippocampus of adult rats.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure produces neurodegeneration and induces oxidative stress. Neuroprotective role of quercetin, on PCBs induced apoptosis in hippocampus has not yet been studied. The present study is focused to see whether quercetin supplementation precludes against PCBs induced oxidative stress and hippocampal apoptosis.

Protective effect of zinc on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and testosterone-induced prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in the dorsolateral prostate of Sprague Dawley rats.

Previous studies have suggested that zinc exerts anticarcinogenic and antiproliferative effects against prostate cancer both in vitro and in rat ventral prostate. Zinc accumulation diminishes early in the course of prostate malignancy and it inhibits the growth of several carcinoma cells through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In this study, we have investigated the influence of zinc on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and testosterone (T)-induced prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in the dorsolateral prostate of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs)-induced oxidative stress plays a critical role on cerebellar dopaminergic receptor expression: ameliorative role of quercetin.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure produces profound damage to the developing as well as adult central nervous system. Locomotor activities which are closely linked to dopaminergic neurotransmission are often impaired in PCBs toxicity. Targeting PCBs-induced oxidative stress using natural antioxidants is an attractive approach.

Effect of ukrain on cell survival and apoptosis in the androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC-3.

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in the male population in developing countries. Ukrain is a reaction product of different alkaloids from Chelidoniummajus L. (celandine) conjugated with thiophosphoric acid, which has cytotoxic effects on various malignant cells.

Role of quercetin on PCBs (Aroclor-1254) induced impairment of dopaminergic receptor mRNA expression in cerebral cortex of adult male rats.

The present study is aimed to evaluate the putative neuroprotective effect of quercetin on PCB induced impairment of dopaminergic receptor mRNA expression in cerebral cortex of adult male Wistar rats. Group I (control) received only vehicle (corn oil; 0.1 ml/kg bwt) intraperitoneally (i.

Quercetin inhibits invasion, migration and signalling molecules involved in cell survival and proliferation of prostate cancer cell line (PC-3).

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a serine protease that is involved in cancer progression, especially invasion and metastasis including prostate cancer. uPA activation is mediated by transactivation of uPAR and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in prostate cancer progression. Prostate cancer (PC-3) cells have highly invasive capacity and they express uPA and uPAR gene.

Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway in PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells by ethanolic neem leaf extract.

Aim Of The Study: The present study is aimed to delineate the effect of ethanolic neem leaf extract on PI3K/Akt and apoptotic pathway in prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP).

Materials And Methods: To test the hypothesis, two different prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP (androgen dependent) and PC-3 (androgen independent) were taken. Cells were exposed to various concentrations of ethanolic neem leaf extract (ENLE) (25-125 μg/ml).